Dataset Information

Peanut Shell Derived Carbon Combined with Nano Cobalt: An Effective Flame Retardant for Epoxy Resin.

ABSTRACT: Biomass-derived carbon has been recognised as a green, economic and promising flame retardant (FR) for polymer matrix. In this paper, it is considered that the two-dimensional (2D) structure of carbonised peanut shells (PS) can lead to a physical barrier effect on polymers. The carbonised sample was prepared by the three facile methods, and firstly adopted as flame retardants for epoxy resin. The results of thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and cone calorimeter tests indicate that the carbon combined with nano Cobalt provides the most outstanding thermal stability in the current study. With 3 wt.% addition of the FR, both peak heat release rate (pHRR) and peak smoke production rate (PSPR) decrease by 37.9% and 33.3%, correspondingly. The flame retardancy mechanisms of the FR are further explored by XPS and TG-FTIR. The effectiveness of carbonised PS can be mainly attributed to the physical barrier effect derived by PS's 2D structure and the catalysis effect from Cobalt, which contribute to form a dense char layer.

SUBMITTER: Liang J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8586977 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Peanut Shell Derived Carbon Combined with Nano Cobalt: An Effective Flame Retardant for Epoxy Resin.

Liang Jing J Yang Wenhao W Yuen Anthony Chun Yin ACY Long Hu H Qiu Shuilai S De Cachinho Cordeiro Ivan Miguel IM Wang Wei W Chen Timothy Bo Yuan TBY Hu Yuan Y Yeoh Guan Heng GH

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20211103 21

Biomass-derived carbon has been recognised as a green, economic and promising flame retardant (FR) for polymer matrix. In this paper, it is considered that the two-dimensional (2D) structure of carbonised peanut shells (PS) can lead to a physical barrier effect on polymers. The carbonised sample was prepared by the three facile methods, and firstly adopted as flame retardants for epoxy resin. The results of thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and cone calorimeter tests indicate that the carbon co ...[more]

PMID: 34771069

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Project description:In this work, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was surface-modified by bio-based arginine (Arg) for the first time to enhance its flame retardance for fire-safety epoxy resin (EP). The structure of Arg modified APP (Arg-APP) was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results illustrated that Arg was attached on the surface of APP through a cation exchange reaction. With Arg acting as the efficient carbon source, the char-forming ability of Arg-APP was significantly improved as illustrated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The flame retardance of EP/APP and EP/Arg-APP composites was evaluated using the limit oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning tests (UL-94), and cone calorimeter tests (CCT). The results showed that at the same weight loading (15 wt%), Arg-APP had better flame retardance and smoke suppression performance compared with pristine APP, which can be attributed to Arg-APP constituting an integrated intumescent flame retardant (IFR) and facilitating formation of char residues with significantly expanded structures and higher carbonization degrees. When the weight loading of Arg-APP reached 25 wt%, the EP/Arg-APP composite could achieve an LOI value as high as 34.7%, pass V-0 requirements in UL-94 tests, and decrease the peak heat release rate and total smoke production by 83.5% and 61.1% compared with neat EP in CCT, respectively, indicating the superior flame retardance performance of Arg-APP. Finally, the effects of the flame retardant additives on the mechanical properties of EP were evaluated by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests and tensile-strain tests. At the same additive weight loading (15 wt%), the EP/Arg-APP composite showed higher glass-transition temperature and better tensile-strain properties compared with EP/APP composite, which can be attributed to the Arg shell structure improving the compatibility between APP and the organic substrate. In conclusion, this work presents a convenient and environmentally friendly method to improve the practical performance of APP.

Dataset Information

Peanut Shell Derived Carbon Combined with Nano Cobalt: An Effective Flame Retardant for Epoxy Resin.

Publications

Peanut Shell Derived Carbon Combined with Nano Cobalt: An Effective Flame Retardant for Epoxy Resin.

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