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Thermal Analysis of Binary Mixtures of Imidazolium, Pyridinium, Pyrrolidinium, and Piperidinium Ionic Liquids

ABSTRACT: Ionic liquids (ILs) are being widely studied due to their unique properties, which make them potential candidates for conventional solvents. To study whether binary mixtures of pure ionic liquids provide a viable alternative to pure ionic liquids for different applications, in this work, the thermal analysis and molar heat capacities of five equimolar binary mixtures of ionic liquids based on imidazolium, pyridinium, pyrrolidinium, and piperidinium cations with dicyanamide, trifluoromethanesulfonate, and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anions have been performed. Furthermore, two pure ionic liquids based on piperidinium cation have been thermally characterized and the heat capacity of one of them has been measured. The determination and evaluation of both the transition temperatures and the molar heat capacities was carried out using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was observed that the thermal behavior of the mixtures was completely different than the thermal behavior of the pure ionic liquids present, while the molar heat capacities of the binary mixtures were very similar to the value of the average of molar heat capacities of the two pure ionic liquids.

SUBMITTER: Gomez E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8587281 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Photophysical properties of ammonium, pyrrolidinium, piperidinium, imidazolium, and pyridinium as a guide to prepare ionic-organic hybrid materials.

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2021-08-13 | GSE156769 | GEO

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Project description:Though local structures in ionic liquids are dominated by strong Coulomb forces, directional hydrogen bonds can also influence the physicochemical properties of imidazolium-based ionic liquids. In particular, the C-2 position of the imidazolium cation is acidic and can bind with suitable hydrogen bond acceptor sites of molecular solvents dissolved in imidazolium-based ionic liquids. In this report, we identify hydrogen-bonded microenvironments of the model ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tris(pentafluoroethyl) trifluorophosphate, and the changes that occur when molecular solvents are dissolved in it by using a C-D infrared reporter at the C-2 position of the cation. Our linear and nonlinear infrared experiments, along with computational studies, indicate that the molecular solvent dimethyl sulfoxide can form strong hydrogen-bonded dimers with the cation of the ionic liquid at the C-2 position. In contrast, acetone, which is also a hydrogen bond acceptor similar to dimethyl sulfoxide, does not show evidence of cation-solvent hydrogen-bonded conformers at the C-2 position. The outcome of our study on a broad scale strengthens the importance of cation-solute interactions in ionic liquids.

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Surface Enrichment in Equimolar Mixtures of Non-Functionalized and Functionalized Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids.

Project description:For equimolar mixtures of ionic liquids with imidazolium-based cations of very different electronic structure, we observe very pronounced surface enrichment effects by angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). For a mixture with the same anion, that is, 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate+1,3-di(methoxy)imidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C8 C1 Im][PF6 ]+[(MeO)2 Im][PF6 ]), we find a strong enrichment of the octyl chain-containing [C8 C1 Im]+ cation and a corresponding depletion of the [(MeO)2 Im]+ cation in the topmost layer. For a mixture with different cations and anions, that is, [C8 C1 Im][Tf2 N]+[(MeO)2 Im][PF6 ], we find both surface enrichment of the [C8 C1 Im]+ cation and the [Tf2 N]- (bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide) anion, while [(MeO)2 Im]+ and [PF6 ]- are depleted from the surface. We propose that the observed behavior in these mixtures is due to a lowering of the surface tension by the enriched components. Interestingly, we observe pronounced differences in the chemical shifts of the imidazolium ring signals of the [(MeO)2 Im]+ cations as compared to the non-functionalized cations. Calculations of the electronic structure and the intramolecular partial charge distribution of the cations contribute to interpreting these shifts for the two different cations.

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