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Bringing Electrochemical Three-Dimensional Printing to the Nanoscale.


ABSTRACT: Nanoscale 3D printing is attracting attention as an alternative manufacturing technique for a variety of applications from electronics and nanooptics to sensing, nanorobotics, and energy storage. The constantly shrinking critical dimension in state-of-the-art technologies requires fabrication of complex conductive structures with nanometer resolution. Electrochemical techniques are capable of producing impurity-free metallic conductors with superb electrical and mechanical properties, however, true nanoscale resolution (<100 nm) remained unattainable. Here, we set new a benchmark in electrochemical 3D printing. By employing nozzles with dimensions as small as 1 nm, we demonstrate layer-by-layer manufacturing of 25 nm diameter voxels. Full control of the printing process allows adjustment of the feature size on-the-fly, printing tilted, and overhanging structures. On the basis of experimental evidence, we estimate the limits of electrochemical 3D printing and discuss the origins of this new resolution frontier.

SUBMITTER: Hengsteler J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8587881 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Bringing Electrochemical Three-Dimensional Printing to the Nanoscale.

Hengsteler Julian J   Mandal Barnik B   van Nisselroy Cathelijn C   Lau Genevieve P S GPS   Schlotter Tilman T   Zambelli Tomaso T   Momotenko Dmitry D  

Nano letters 20211026 21


Nanoscale 3D printing is attracting attention as an alternative manufacturing technique for a variety of applications from electronics and nanooptics to sensing, nanorobotics, and energy storage. The constantly shrinking critical dimension in state-of-the-art technologies requires fabrication of complex conductive structures with nanometer resolution. Electrochemical techniques are capable of producing impurity-free metallic conductors with superb electrical and mechanical properties, however, t  ...[more]

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