Dataset Information

Cognitive Dysfunction, Psychiatric Distress, and Functional Decline After COVID-19.

ABSTRACT:

Background

There is a limited understanding of the cognitive and psychiatric sequelae of COVID-19 during the post-acute phase, particularly among racially and ethnically diverse patients.

Objective

We sought to prospectively characterize cognition, mental health symptoms, and functioning approximately four months after an initial diagnosis of COVID-19 in a racially and ethnically diverse group of patients.

Methods

Approximately four months after COVID-19 diagnosis, patients in the Johns Hopkins Post-Acute COVID-19 Team Pulmonary Clinic underwent a clinical telephone-based assessment of cognition, depression, anxiety, trauma, and function.

Results

Most Johns Hopkins Post-Acute COVID-19 Team patients assessed were women (59%) and members of racial/ethnic minority groups (65%). Of 82 patients, 67% demonstrated ≥1 abnormally low cognitive score. Patients requiring intensive care unit (ICU) stays displayed greater breadth and severity of impairment than those requiring less intensive treatment. Processing speed (35%), verbal fluency (26%-32%), learning (27%), and memory (27%) were most commonly impaired. Among all patients, 35% had moderate symptoms of depression (23%), anxiety (15%), or functional decline (15%); 25% of ICU patients reported trauma-related distress. Neuropsychiatric symptoms and functional decline did not differ by post-ICU versus non-ICU status and were unrelated to global cognitive composite scores.

Conclusions

At approximately 4 months after acute illness, cognitive dysfunction, emotional distress, and functional decline were common among a diverse clinical sample of COVID-19 survivors varying in acute illness severity. Patients requiring ICU stays demonstrated greater breadth and severity of cognitive impairment than those requiring less intensive treatment. Findings help extend our understanding of the nature, severity, and potential duration of neuropsychiatric morbidity after COVID-19 and point to the need for longitudinal assessment of cognitive and mental health outcomes among COVID-19 survivors of different demographic backgrounds and illness characteristics.

SUBMITTER: Vannorsdall TD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8591857 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Mar-Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Cognitive Dysfunction, Psychiatric Distress, and Functional Decline After COVID-19.

Vannorsdall Tracy D TD Brigham Emily E Fawzy Ashraf A Raju Sarath S Gorgone Alesandra A Pletnikova Alexandra A Lyketsos Constantine G CG Parker Ann M AM Oh Esther S ES

Journal of the Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry 20211115 2

<h4>Background</h4>There is a limited understanding of the cognitive and psychiatric sequelae of COVID-19 during the post-acute phase, particularly among racially and ethnically diverse patients.<h4>Objective</h4>We sought to prospectively characterize cognition, mental health symptoms, and functioning approximately four months after an initial diagnosis of COVID-19 in a racially and ethnically diverse group of patients.<h4>Methods</h4>Approximately four months after COVID-19 diagnosis, patients ...[more]

PMID: 34793996

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Project description:ObjectivesTo explore the neuropsychological profile and the integrity of the olfactory network in patients with COVID-19-related persistent olfactory dysfunction (OD).MethodsPatients with persistent COVID-19-related OD underwent olfactory assessment with Sniffin' Sticks and neuropsychological evaluation. Additionally, both patients and a control group underwent brain MRI, including T1-weighted and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) sequences on a 3 T scanner. Morphometrical properties were evaluated in olfaction-associated regions; the rs-fMRI data were analysed using graph theory at the whole-brain level and within a standard parcellation of the olfactory functional network. All the MR-derived quantities were compared between the two groups and their correlation with clinical scores in patients were explored.ResultsWe included 23 patients (mean age 37 ± 14 years, 12 females) with persistent (mean duration 11 ± 5 months, range 2-19 months) COVID-19-related OD (mean score 23.63 ± 5.32/48, hyposmia cut-off: 30.75) and 26 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Applying population-derived cut-off values, the two cognitive domains mainly impaired were visuospatial memory and executive functions (17 % and 13 % of patients). Brain MRI did not show gross morphological abnormalities. The lateral orbital cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala volumes exhibited a reduction trend in patients, not significant after the correction for multiple comparisons. The olfactory bulb volumes did not differ between patients and controls. Graph analysis of the functional olfactory network showed altered global and local properties in the patients' group (n = 19, 4 excluded due to artifacts) compared to controls. Specifically, we detected a reduction in the global modularity coefficient, positively correlated with hyposmia severity, and an increase of the degree and strength of the right thalamus functional connections, negatively correlated with short-term verbal memory scores.DiscussionPatients with persistent COVID-19-related OD showed an altered olfactory network connectivity correlated with hyposmia severity and neuropsychological performance. No significant morphological alterations were found in patients compared with controls.

Dataset Information

Cognitive Dysfunction, Psychiatric Distress, and Functional Decline After COVID-19.

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Cognitive Dysfunction, Psychiatric Distress, and Functional Decline After COVID-19.

Similar Datasets

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