Trend in Cancer incidence and mortality in Fukushima between 2008 and 2015.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Shibata A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8593570 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the updated burden and temporal trends of cancer incidence and mortality in Asian countries.MethodologyThe data used in this study were retrieved from the Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer Incidence in Five Continents volumes I-XI, and the World Health Organization mortality database. These data were used to calculate the Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC), with a 95% confidence interval (CI) by joinpoint regression analysis to determine the epidemiological trend in the past decade.ResultsIn 2020, the cancer incidence in Asia was 169.1 per 1 00 000, accounting for 49.3% of the global cancer incidence. The most common cancers included lung (13.8%), breast (10.8%) and colorectal (10.6%) cancers. Its mortality was 101.6 per 1 00 000 (58.3% of the global cancer death) with lung (19.2%), liver (10.5%) and stomach (9.9%) cancers being the most common causes of cancer death. The cancer incidence had been increasing in female population, with Korea (AAPC = 5.73, 95% CI [5.30, 6.17], P < .001), Japan (AAPC = 2.67, 95% CI [2.12, 3.23], P < .001) and Kuwait (AAPC = 2.08, 95% CI [.49, 3.69], P = .016) showing the most significant increases in the past decade. The incidence increase was also observed among population aged <40 years old, with Korea (female AAPC = 8.42, 95% CI [7.40, 9.45], P < .001; male AAPC = 5.28, 95% CI [4.23, 6.33], P <.001), China (female AAPC = 2.94, 95% CI [2.07, 3.81], P < .001; male AAPC = 1.37, 95% CI [.57, 2.18], P = .004) and Japan (female AAPC = 2.88, 95% CI [1.88, 3.88], P = .016; male AAPC = 1.59, 95% CI [.40, 2.78], P = .015) showing the most significant increases. However, there was an overall decreasing trend of cancer mortality.ConclusionsThere was a substantial burden of cancer incidence and mortality in Asia. Although there was a decreasing trend in cancer mortality, its incidence had been increasing especially among female and younger populations. Future studies could be done to further investigate the potential reasons for these epidemiologic trends.
| S-EPMC9252010 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundFew national level, population-based studies are present on the epidemiology of sarcoidosis and it is unclear whether these patients have higher mortality than the general population. The objective of this study was to investigate the nationwide epidemiology, comorbidity and mortality in sarcoidosis in Korea.Material and methodsFor the period between 2008 to 2015, we used the national population-based database operated by Rare Intractable Disease registration program in which patients' diagnosis are based on uniform criteria. All sarcoidosis patients were identified and followed-up using the National Health Insurance database to determine their incidence, comorbidity, mortality, causes of death and standardised mortality ratio (SMR).ResultsDuring the study period, we identified 3,259 new sarcoidosis patients. The average annual incidence was 0.81 per 100,000. The annual mortality rate was 9.26 per 1,000 person-years. The mortality rate were significantly higher than those of the general population (SMR 1.91, 95% confidence interval 1.62-2.25). The major comorbidities of sarcoidosis patients were the diseases of the respiratory system (17.64%), heart (5.43%), eyes (4.27%) and cancer (2.3%). Mortality was higher in patients with lung involvement. Of the 84 deaths identified in this study from 2008-2013, the most common cause of death was cancer (41.7%), followed by respiratory disease (13.1%), sarcoidosis (13.1%) and heart disease (8.3%).ConclusionsWe reported a nationwide incidence of sarcoidosis as 0.81 per 100,000 in Korea. The mortality of sarcoidosis patients was higher compared to the general population and the major causes of death were cancer, respiratory disease and sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis patients with comorbid diseases showed increased mortality. (Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 2020; 37 (1): 24-36).
| S-EPMC7569540 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and its incidence is expected to increase in the future. In Panama, cancer is also one of the leading causes of death. In 1964, a nationwide cancer registry was started and it was restructured and improved in 2012. The aim of this study is to utilize Joinpoint regression analysis to study the trends of the incidence and mortality of cancer in Panama in the last decade. Cancer mortality was estimated from the Panamanian National Institute of Census and Statistics Registry for the period 2001 to 2011. Cancer incidence was estimated from the Panamanian National Cancer Registry for the period 2000 to 2009. The Joinpoint Regression Analysis program, version 4.0.4, was used to calculate trends by age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates for selected cancers. Overall, the trend of age-adjusted cancer mortality in Panama has declined over the last 10 years (-1.12% per year). The cancers for which there was a significant increase in the trend of mortality were female breast cancer and ovarian cancer; while the highest increases in incidence were shown for breast cancer, liver cancer, and prostate cancer. Significant decrease in the trend of mortality was evidenced for the following: prostate cancer, lung and bronchus cancer, and cervical cancer; with respect to incidence, only oral and pharynx cancer in both sexes had a significant decrease. Some cancers showed no significant trends in incidence or mortality. This study reveals contrasting trends in cancer incidence and mortality in Panama in the last decade. Although Panama is considered an upper middle income nation, this study demonstrates that some cancer mortality trends, like the ones seen in cervical and lung cancer, behave similarly to the ones seen in high income countries. In contrast, other types, like breast cancer, follow a pattern seen in countries undergoing a transition to a developed economy with its associated lifestyle, nutrition, and body weight changes.
| S-EPMC4616533 | biostudies-other
Project description:ObjectivesStroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate secular trends in stroke across the UK.DesignThis study aimed to investigate recent trends in the epidemiology of stroke in the UK. The study was a time-trend analysis from 1999 to 2008 within the UK General Practice Research Database. Outcome measures were incidence and prevalence of stroke, stroke mortality, rate of secondary cardiovascular events, and prescribing of pharmacological therapy for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.ResultsThe study cohort included 32,151 patients with a first stroke. Stroke incidence fell by 30%, from 1.48/1000 person-years in 1999 to 1.04/1000 person-years in 2008 (p<0.001). Stroke prevalence increased by 12.5%, from 6.40/1000 in 1999 to 7.20/1000 in 2008 (p<0.001). 56-day mortality after first stroke reduced from 21% in 1999 to 12% in 2008 (p<0.0001). Prescribing of drugs to control cardiovascular risk factors increased consistently over the study period, particularly for lipid lowering agents and antihypertensive agents. In patients with atrial fibrillation, use of anticoagulants prior to first stroke did not increase with increasing stroke risk.ConclusionStroke incidence in the UK has decreased and survival after stroke has improved in the past 10 years. Improved drug treatment in primary care is likely to be a major contributor to this, with better control of risk factors both before and after incident stroke. There is, however, scope for further improvement in risk factor reduction in high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation.
| S-EPMC3211058 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Objective:To report the incidence and mortality rates of oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Chinese population. Methods:Data were taken from a population-based cancer registry collected by the National Central Cancer Registry of China (NCCRC) in 2015. The data collected from 501 local cancer registries in China were assessed using NCCRC screening methods and criteria. Incidence and mortality rates of oral and oropharyngeal cancer were stratified by age group, gender, and area. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were adjusted using the Chinese standard population in 2000 and Segi's world population. Results:In 2015, it was estimated that there were 51,765 oral and oropharyngeal cancer incident cases and 23,830 deaths in China. The crude incidence rate of oral and oropharyngeal cancer was 3.77/100,000, and the age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population and by Segi's world standard population were 2.55/100,000 and 2.49/100,000, respectively. The crude mortality rate and the age-standardized mortality rates by Chinese standard population and by Segi's world standard population were 1.73/100,000, 1.09/100,000 and 1.08/100,000, respectively. Both incidence and mortality rates of oral and oropharyngeal cancer were higher in males and in urban areas. Residents in eastern areas had the highest incidence and mortality rates, followed by those from middle areas and western areas. The rates of oral and oropharyngeal cancer increased greatly with age, especially after the age of 40 years. Conclusions:This study reports the latest incidence and mortality rates of oral and oropharyngeal cancer in China. Prevention intervention including early detection, treatment, and regular follow-ups is encouraged to be set up to reduce incidence and mortality rates of oral and oropharyngeal cancer in the future.
| S-EPMC7072017 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeSepsis remains amongst the most common causes of death worldwide. It has been described as a disease of the elderly, but contemporary data on risk factors and mortality is lacking.Materials and methodsMulti-center longitudinal cohort study using non-public, state of California data from January 1, 2008 to September 31, 2015. Patients with sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock were identified using ICD-9-CM diagnosis and procedure codes with age subgroups of 18-44, 45-64, 65-74, 75-84, and >85 years old. Descriptive statistics and a single direct logistic regression model were used to present data on incidence and mortality and to identify independent factors associated with mortality.ResultsOf 30,282,159 total inpatient encounters, 20,358,569 met inclusion criteria and 1,566,306 met sepsis criteria. Conditions associated with mortality included metastatic cancer, age, liver disease, residing in a care facility, and a gastrointestinal source of infection as well as fungal infection. Mortality in the >85-year-old subgroup with septic shock was 45.7%, lower than previously reported.ConclusionAge remains an important sepsis risk factor, but other conditions correlated more closely with sepsis-associated death. Patients over 85 years of age suffering from septic shock may have a better chance of survival than previously thought.
| S-EPMC8898199 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) is a major cause of illness and death worldwide. We analyzed temporal trends of SAB incidence and death in Denmark during 2008-2015. SAB incidence increased 48%, from 20.76 to 30.37 per 100,000 person-years, during this period (p<0.001). The largest change in incidence was observed for persons >80 years of age: a 90% increase in the SAB rate (p<0.001). After adjusting for demographic changes, annual rates increased 4.0% (95% CI 3.0-5.0) for persons <80 years of age, 8.4% (95% CI 7.0-11.0) for persons 80-89 years of age, and 13.0% (95% CI 9.0-17.5) for persons >90 years of age. The 30-day case-fatality rate remained stable at 24%; crude population death rates increased by 53% during 2008-2015 (p<0.001). Specific causes and mechanisms for this rapid increase in SAB incidence among the elderly population remain to be clarified.
| S-EPMC6478196 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundEsophageal cancer is among the leading cancer types in Inner Mongolia. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and mortality rates of esophageal cancer in 2015 and the trends in these rates in the 2010-2015 period in this region.MethodsNational Colorectal Cancer Roundtable (NCCR) screening methods and criteria were used to extract data from 10 cancer registries stratified by area (urban/rural), sex, and age group. The Chinese standard population in 2000 and Segi's world population were used to calculate age-standardized rates. The annual percentage change (APC) in these rates was calculated using the Joinpoint Regression Program.ResultsIn 2015, Inner Mongolia had 4324 new cases (4027 male vs. 297 female patients) and 3559 deaths (3300 male vs. 259 female patients) from esophageal cancer. The crude incidence, age-standardized incidence by Chinese population, age-standardized incidence by world population, and cumulative incidence were 13.45/100 000, 9.92/100 000, 10.18/100 000, and 1.30%, respectively. The corresponding figures for mortality were 11.32/100 000, 8.35/100 000, 8.53/100 000, and 1.04%. The incidence and mortality increased with age between 40 and 80 years. The rates in rural dwellers, especially men, showed negative APC (-13.25% vs. -11.08%; P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe incidence and mortality rates of esophageal cancer in Inner Mongolia increased between 2010 and 2015. The rates were higher in men in rural areas, middle-aged and elderly individuals. Prevention and control programs focused on these groups, in addition to early diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer, are needed to reduce these rates.Key pointsSignificant findings of the study: In Inner Mongolia, incidence and mortality rates of esophageal cancer were higher in urban areas than in rural areas and in men than in women between 2010 and 2015, and in middle-aged and elderly than in younger people.What this study addsPrevention and control programs, in addition to early diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer, should be tailored to specifically target men in rural areas and middle-aged and elderly individuals in order to reduce the incidence and mortality rates of this pathology.
| S-EPMC7471038 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundBreast cancer is a significant public health concern worldwide, including in Indonesia. Little is known about the spatial and temporal patterns of breast cancer incidence in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze temporal and spatial variations of breast cancer incidence in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia.MethodsThe study used breast cancer case data from the Yogyakarta Population-Based Cancer Registry (PBCR) from 2008 to 2019. The catchment areas of the PBCR included the 48 subdistricts of 3 districts (Sleman, Yogyakarta City, and Bantul). Age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) were calculated for each subdistrict. Joinpoint regression was used to detect any significant changes in trends over time. Global Moran's and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) analyses were performed to identify any spatial clusters or outliers.ResultsThe subdistricts had a median ASR of 41.9, with a range of 15.3-70.4. The majority of cases were diagnosed at a late stage, with Yogyakarta City having the highest proportion of diagnoses at stage 4. The study observed a significant increasing trend in breast cancer incidence over the study period the fastest of which is in Yogyakarta City with an average annual percentage change of 18.77%, with Sleman having an 18.21% and Bantul having 8.94% average changes each year (p <0.05). We also found a significant positive spatial autocorrelation of breast cancer incidence rates in the province (I = 0.581, p <0.001). LISA analysis identified 11 subdistricts which were high-high clusters in the central area of Yogyakarta City and six low-low clusters in the southeast region of the catchment area in the Bantul and Sleman Districts. No spatial outliers were identified.ConclusionsWe found significant spatial clustering of BC ASR in the Yogyakarta Province, and there was a trend of increasing ASR across the region. These findings can inform resource allocation for public health efforts to high-risk areas and develop targeted prevention and early detection strategies. Further res is needed to understand the factors driving the observed temporal and spatial patterns of breast cancer incidence in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia.
| S-EPMC10321628 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundMale Breast Cancer (MBC) is rare, which makes its understanding and treatment be extrapolated from what is known about the occurrence in women, with few epidemiological studies, with few epidemiological studies. Therefore, the aim of the present paper was to study breast cancer mortality in adult males in Brazil and its administrative regions between 2005 and 2015.MethodsEcological study with data on MBC mortality in adults between 2005 and 2015. Data were obtained from the Mortality Information System of the Department of Informatics of SUS (the Unified Health System of the country). Descriptive statistics were used for MBC mortality and linear regression to analyze the relationship between mortality and the country's administrative regions. Percentage Change (PC) and Annual Percentage Change (APC) were the trend measures used for MBC mortality for the period.ResultsBetween 2005 and 2015, there were 1521 deaths due to MBC in adults in Brazil. Regarding mortality by region, there was great oscillation in the rates of the country as a whole (PC = 113,87; β = 0,009 (IC95% 0,000 - 0,018); r2 = 0,381; P = 0,043). The highest increase in MBC mortality occurred in patients aged 80 years or older (PC = 161,04; β = 0,201 (IC95% 0,640 - 0,339); r2 = 0,550; P = 0,009) and there was significant increase in deaths for the 50-54-year age group (PC = 224,01; β = 0,135 (CI95% 0,052; 0,218); r2 = 0,601; P = 0,005).ConclusionMortality in adults due to MBC increased in Brazil during the study period with the highest percentage increase occurring for individuals aged 80 years or older.
| S-EPMC6323830 | biostudies-literature