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Control of Arabidopsis shoot stem cell homeostasis by two antagonistic CLE peptide signalling pathways.

ABSTRACT: Stem cell homeostasis in plant shoot meristems requires tight coordiantion between stem cell proliferation and cell differentiation. In Arabidopsis, stem cells express the secreted dodecapeptide CLAVATA3 (CLV3), which signals through the leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-receptor kinase CLAVATA1 (CLV1) and related CLV1-family members to downregulate expression of the homeodomain transcription factor WUSCHEL (WUS). WUS protein moves from cells below the stem cell domain to the meristem tip and promotes stem cell identity, together with CLV3 expression, generating a negative feedback loop. How stem cell activity in the meristem centre is coordinated with organ initiation and cell differentiation at the periphery is unknown. We show here that the CLE40 gene, encoding a secreted peptide closely related to CLV3, is expressed in the SAM in differentiating cells in a pattern complementary to that of CLV3. CLE40 promotes WUS expression via BAM1, a CLV1-family receptor, and CLE40 expression is in turn repressed in a WUS-dependent manner. Together, CLE40-BAM1-WUS establish a second negative feedback loop. We propose that stem cell homeostasis is achieved through two intertwined pathways that adjust WUS activity and incorporate information on the size of the stem cell domain, via CLV3-CLV1, and on cell differentiation via CLE40-BAM1.

SUBMITTER: Schlegel J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8594942 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Control of Arabidopsis shoot stem cell homeostasis by two antagonistic CLE peptide signalling pathways

Project description: Not available

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Project description:The homeostasis of meristems in flowering plants is maintained by cell-to-cell communication via CLE (CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-related) peptide hormones. In contrast, cell signals that regulate meristem activity remains elusive in bryophytes that maintain apical meristems in the gametophyte (haploid) body and undergo a gametophyte-dominant life cycle. We here show that MpCLE1 confines the proliferative activity of gametophytic meristem and affects the overall size of gametangiophores (reproductive organs) in Marchantia polymorpha, which is in sharp contrast with the meristem-promoting function of its ortholog TDIF/CLE41/CLE44 in Arabidopsis vascular meristems. Expression analysis suggests that MpCLE1 and its receptor gene MpTDR are expressed in distinct patterns across the apical meristem. These data suggest that local CLE peptide signaling may have had a role in regulating cell proliferation in the shoot meristem in the ancestral land plant and acts in both sporophytic and gametophytic meristems of extant plants.

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Arabidopsis CLE peptide hormones contribute to pollen development through precisely regulated transcriptomic and proteomic networks

Project description:The CLAVATA3/ESR-RELATED (CLE) peptide hormones are required for numerous plant growth and developmental processes. However, little is known regarding the function and working mechanism of the CLEs in the anther. Here, using RNA in situ hybridization analyses, we identified 7 CLE genes that are specifically expressed in the tapetum and microsporocytes in the anther, and the dominant-negative mutant plants of each of these genes exhibited significantly reduced anther size, pollen number, and abnormal pollen wall formation. Further transcriptomic and proteomic studies on cle19, DN-CLE19, and CLE19-OX mutant lines revealed that CLE19 affected the expression of more than 1,000 genes at the RNA level and 595 at the protein level, including genes involved in pollen coat and pollen exine formation, lipid metabolism, pollen germination, and hormone metabolism processes. Phenotypic analyses of mutants of the CLE19 downstream genes GRP20, ACOS5 and MEE48 revealed that the formation of pollen exine was affected in these mutants, confirming that these genes function downstream of CLE19 in the regulation of pollen wall formation. These findings demonstrate the function and downstream genes of CLE19 and redundant genes, providing insights into working pathways of the peptide hormones in pollen development.

2017-09-15 | GSE94607 | GEO

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