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Furostanol Saponins from Asparagus cochinchinensis and Their Cytotoxicity.

ABSTRACT: Phytochemical investigation on the roots of Asparagus cochinchinensis led to the isolation of one new furostanol saponin, named 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-22α-hydroxyl-(25R)-Δ⁵⁽⁶⁾-furost-3β,26-diol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), along with three known congeners (2‒4). The structure of new saponin was elucidated via comprehensive inspection of its HRMS and NMR spectral data as well as chemical technology, whereas those of known ones were identified by comparison of their NMR and MS spectral data with those reported in literatures. All isolated saponins were evaluated for their cytotoxic effects on two human liver (MHCC97H) and lung adenocarcinoma (H1299) cancer cells in vitro. Among them, both 1 and 2 showed significant cytotoxicity against above mentioned cell lines. Further studies revealed that these two saponins could significantly inhibit their proliferation of MHCC97H and H1299 cells.

SUBMITTER: Zhang RS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8599559 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Asparagus cochinchinensis

Project description:Asparagus cochinchinensis Transcriptome or Gene expression

| PRJNA376834 | ENA

Asparagus cochinchinensis

Project description:Asparagus cochinchinensis overview

| PRJNA806234 | ENA

Aspacochioside C from Asparagus cochinchinensis attenuates eumelanin synthesis via inhibition of TRP2 expression.

Project description:Aspacochioside C (ACC) is a steroidal saponin isolated from Asparagus cochinchinensis. Steroidal saponins, such as pseudoprotodioscin and dioscin, are known to inhibit melanogenesis, but the role of ACC in melanogenesis remains unknown. Due to the toxic effect of the commonly used skin whitening agents like arbutin, kojic acid and α-lipoic acid alternative plant products are recentlybeen studied for their anti-hypergmentation effect. This study explores the role of ACC in melanogenesis in both in vivo and in vitro models. Here, we for the first time demonstrate that ACC attenuated α-MSH- and UVB-induced eumelanin production by inhibiting tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-2 protein expression in both murine B16F10 and human melanoma MNT1 cells. However, ACC had no significant effect on pheomelanin concentration. ACC also decreased the pigmentation density in zebrafish embryos, which indicates that ACC targets TRP2 and inhibits eumelanin synthesis. Our results demonstrate that ACC inhibits TRP2, thereby attenuating eumelanin synthesis both in in vitro and in vivo zebrafish model. Therefore, ACC can potentially be used as an anti-melanogenic agent for both aesthetic and pharmaceutical purposes.

| S-EPMC10491620 | biostudies-literature

Development of microsatellite markers based on expressed sequence tags in Asparagus cochinchinensis (Asparagaceae).

Project description:Transcriptome-derived simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed in Asparagus cochinchinensis (Asparagaceae). Due to its application in traditional medicine, its wild populations are threatened by over-collection even in protected areas, requiring immediate conservation efforts. Based on transcriptome data of A. cochinchinensis, 96 primer pairs with two to seven alleles per locus were selected for initial validation; of those, 27 primer pairs amplified across all samples, resulting in 15 polymorphic and 12 monomorphic microsatellite markers. The usefulness of these markers was assessed in 60 individuals representing three populations of A. cochinchinensis. Observed and expected heterozygosity values ranged from 0.050 to 0.950 and 0.049 to 0.626, respectively. Cross-species amplification of the 27 markers was tested in the related species A. rigidulus and A. schoberioides. These polymorphic, transcriptome-derived SSR markers can be used as molecular markers to study population genetics and ecological conservation in A. cochinchinensis and related taxa.

| S-EPMC5400436 | biostudies-literature

An unexpected genetic diversity pattern and a complex demographic history of a rare medicinal herb, Chinese asparagus (Asparagus cochinchinensis) in Korea.

Project description:Range-wide population studies of wide spread species are often associated with complex diversity patterns resulting from genetically divergent evolutionary significant units (ESUs). The compound evolutionary history creating such a pattern of diversity can be inferred through molecular analyses. Asparagus cochinchinensis, a medicinally important perennial herb, is in decline due to overharvesting in Korea. Eight A. cochinchinensis populations in Korea and three populations from neighboring countries (China, Japan and Taiwan) were examined using nine nuclear microsatellite loci and three chloroplast microsatellite loci to characterize molecular diversity patterns. The average within-population diversity was limited likely due to long-term bottlenecks observed in all eight populations. High pairwise FST values indicated that the populations have largely diverged, but the divergences were not correlated with geographic distances. Clustering analyses revealed a highly complex spatial structure pattern associated with two ESUs. Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) suggests that the two ESUs split about 21,000 BP were independently introduced to Korea approximately 1,800 years ago, and admixed in secondary contact zones. The two ESUs found in our study may have different habitat preferences and growth conditions, implying that the two genetically divergent groups should be considered not only for conservation and management but also for breeding programs in agricultural areas.

| S-EPMC6611897 | biostudies-literature

Asparagus cochinchinensis extract ameliorates menopausal depression in ovariectomized rats under chronic unpredictable mild stress.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Depression is a serious and common psychiatric disorder generally affecting more women than men. A woman's risk of developing depression increases steadily with age, and higher incidence is associated with the onset of menopause. Here we evaluated the antidepressant properties of Asparagus cochinchinensis (AC) extract and investigated its underlying mechanisms in a rat menopausal depression model. METHODS:To model this menopausal depression, we induced a menopause-like state in rats via ovariectomy and exposed them to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 6?weeks, which promotes the development of depression-like symptoms. During the final 4?weeks of CUMS, rats were treated with either AC extract (1000 or 2000?mg/kg, PO), which has been reported to provide antidepressant effects, or with the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine (10?mg/kg, IP). RESULTS:We report that CUMS promotes depression-like behavior and significantly increases serum corticosterone and inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. We also found that CUMS decreases the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its primary receptor, tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), in OVX rats, and treatment with AC extract rescues both BDNF and TrkB expression levels. CONCLUSION:These results suggest that AC extract exerts antidepressant effects, possibly via modulation of the BDNF-TrkB pathway, in a rat model of menopausal depression.

| S-EPMC7590795 | biostudies-literature

Phenylpropanoid Derivatives from the Tuber of Asparagus cochinchinensis with Anti-Inflammatory Activities.

Project description:Three undescribed phenylpropanoid derivatives, including two new bibenzyl constituents (1-2), one new stilbene constituent (3), together with five known compounds stilbostemin F (4), dihydropinosylvin (5), 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl benzoate (6), 1-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)ethanone (7), and 4-hydroxy-3-prenylbenzoic acid (8), were isolated from the tuber of Asparagus cochinchinensis. The structures of 1-8 were elucidated according to UV, IR, HRMS, 1D and 2D-NMR methods together with the published literature. All of the isolated compounds were assessed for anti-inflammatory activity by acting on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells in vitro. The results showed that compounds 2 and 5 were found to inhibit the production of nitric oxide (NO) with the IC50 value of 21.7 and 35.8 µM, respectively. In addition, further studies found that compound 2 demonstrated concentration-dependent suppression of the protein expression of iNOS and exerted anti-inflammatory activity via the NF-κB signalling pathway. The present data suggest that phenylpropanoid derivatives from the tuber of A. cochinchinensis might be used as a potential source of natural anti-inflammatory agents.

| S-EPMC9697020 | biostudies-literature

The complete chloroplast genome of two traditional medical plants: Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. and Asparagus dauricus Fisch. ex Link.

Project description:Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. and Asparagus dauricus Fisch. ex Link are two traditional medical plants with therapeutic effects, distributed in mountainous regions of China. In the current study, the complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of A. cochinchinensis and A. dauricus were sequenced on the Illumina Hiseq 2500, and obtained with a length of 157,095 bp and 156,918 bp, respectively, both containing a large single-copy region and a small single-copy region separated by a pair of inverted repeat regions. The cp genome of A. cochinchinensis has 132 annotated genes including 86 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA, and eight rRNA genes. A. dauricus has 112 annotated genes containing 78 protein genes, 30 tRNA, and four rRNA genes. The maximum-likelihood tree was reconstructed with 17 species, indicating that A. cochinchinensis is a sister group to the clade including A. officinalis to A. racemosa. This clade includes five species of Asparagus.

| S-EPMC9068004 | biostudies-literature

Saponin-enriched extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis alleviates airway inflammation and remodeling in ovalbumin-induced asthma model.

Project description:Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by T-lymphocyte and eosinophil infiltration, mucus overproduction and airway hyper-responsiveness. The present study examined the therapeutic effects and action mechanism of a saponin-enriched extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis (SEAC) on airway inflammation and remodeling in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model. To accomplish this, alterations of the nitric oxide (NO) level, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression levels, as well as variations in immune cell numbers, immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration, histopathological structure and inflammatory cytokine levels were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells or an OVA-induced mouse model of asthma treated with SEAC. The concentration of NO and mRNA levels of COX-2 and iNOS were significantly decreased in the SEAC + LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells compared with the vehicle + LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, in the OVA-induced asthma model, the number of immune cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the concentration of OVA-specific IgE, the infiltration of inflammatory cells, the bronchial thickness and the levels of the inflammatory mediators interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-13 and COX-2 were significantly lower in the OVA + SEAC?treated group compared with the OVA + vehicle?treated group. In addition, a significant reduction in goblet cell hyperplasia, peribronchiolar collagen layer thickness and VEGF expression for airway remodeling was detected in the OVA + SEAC?treated group compared with the OVA + vehicle?treated group. These findings indicate that SEAC is a suppressor of airway inflammation and remodeling, and may therefore be useful as an anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of asthma.

| S-EPMC5627880 | biostudies-other

Asparagus cochinchinensis Extract Alleviates Metal Ion-Induced Gut Injury in Drosophila: An In Silico Analysis of Potential Active Constituents.

Project description:Metal ions and sulfate are components of atmospheric pollutants that have diverse ways of entering the human body. We used Drosophila as a model to investigate the effect of Asparagus cochinchinensis (A. cochinchinensis) extracts on the gut and characterized gut homeostasis following the ingestion of metal ions (copper, zinc, and aluminum). In this study, we found that the aqueous A. cochinchinensis extract increased the survival rate, decreased epithelial cell death, and attenuated metal ion-induced gut morphological changes in flies following chronic exposure to metal ions. In addition, we screened out, by network pharmacology, six natural products (NPs) that could serve as putative active components of A. cochinchinensis that prevented gut injury. Altogether, the results of our study provide evidence that A. cochinchinensis might be an effective phytomedicine for the treatment of metal ion-induced gut injury.

| S-EPMC4830720 | biostudies-literature

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