Dataset Information

Relationship among physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and cardiometabolic risk factors during gastric bypass surgery-induced weight loss.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The impact of daily physical activity (PA) on the cardiometabolic risk of bariatric surgery patients is not known.

Objective

We examined the influence of physical activity and sedentary behavior on modifying cardiometabolic risk after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery.

Setting

University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and East Carolina University bariatric surgery centers.

Methods

Data from 43 women and 7 men who completed testing at 1-3 months after RYGB surgery and again at 9 months postsurgery were analyzed. Outcomes measured included PA level (min/d), steps/d, sedentary time, and body composition. Insulin sensitivity was determined with an intravenous glucose tolerance test. Weight and blood lipid profiles also were obtained.

Results

Patients reduced body mass index by a mean of -8.0±3.4 kg/m² (P<.001), increased moderate-to-vigorous PA by 17.0±47.0 min/d (P = .014), and decreased sedentary time (-47.9±101.0 min/d, P = .002). However, 24% of patients decreased overall PA (P<.001), and 39% increased sedentary behavior (P<.001). Changes in overall PA (rho = -.33, P = .006) and steps/d (rho = -.31, P = .0106) were related to weight loss. Insulin sensitivity was associated with light PA before (rho = .37, P<.001) and after (rho = .37, P = .015) intervention. Increasing overall PA also was related to higher levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (rho = .33, P<.01). Decreasing sedentary time was related to decreased fat mass (rho = .35, P = .012) but not to other cardiometabolic risk factors.

Conclusions

The majority of patients increased PA (76%) and decreased sedentary time (61%) after RYGB surgery, but the amount of PA and sedentary time varied substantially. Higher PA, even at low intensity levels, was related to beneficial outcomes in body composition, insulin sensitivity, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

SUBMITTER: Wefers JF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8607518 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundThe mechanisms of weight loss and metabolic improvements following bariatric surgery in skeletal muscle are not well known; however, epigenetic modifications are likely to contribute. The aim of our study was to investigate skeletal muscle DNA methylation after weight loss induced by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery. Muscle biopsies were obtained basally from seven insulin-resistant obese (BMI > 40 kg/m2) female subjects (45.1 ± 3.6 years) pre- and 3-month post-surgery with euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamps to assess insulin sensitivity. Four lean (BMI < 25 kg/m2) females (38.5 ± 5.8 years) served as controls. We performed reduced representation bisulfite sequencing next generation methylation on DNA isolated from the vastus lateralis muscle biopsies.ResultsGlobal methylation was significantly higher in the pre- (32.97 ± 0.02%) and post-surgery (33.31 ± 0.02%) compared to the lean (30.46 ± 0.02%), P < 0.05. MethylSig analysis identified 117 differentially methylated cytosines (DMCs) that were significantly altered in the post- versus pre-surgery (Benjamini-Hochberg q < 0.05). In addition, 2978 DMCs were significantly altered in the pre-surgery obese versus the lean controls (Benjamini-Hochberg q < 0.05). For the post-surgery obese versus the lean controls, 2885 DMCs were altered (Benjamini-Hochberg q < 0.05). Seven post-surgery obese DMCs were normalized to levels similar to those observed in lean controls. Of these, 5 were within intergenic regions (chr11.68,968,018, chr16.73,100,688, chr5.174,115,531, chr5.1,831,958 and chr9.98,547,011) and the remaining two DMCs chr17.45,330,989 and chr14.105,353,824 were within in the integrin beta 3 (ITGB3) promoter and KIAA0284 exon, respectively. ITGB3 methylation was significantly decreased in the post-surgery (0.5 ± 0.5%) and lean controls (0 ± 0%) versus pre-surgery (13.6 ± 2.7%, P < 0.05). This decreased methylation post-surgery was associated with an increase in ITGB3 gene expression (fold change + 1.52, P = 0.0087). In addition, we showed that ITGB3 promoter methylation in vitro significantly suppressed transcriptional activity (P < 0.05). Transcription factor binding analysis for ITGB3 chr17.45,330,989 identified three putative transcription factor binding motifs; PAX-5, p53 and AP-2alphaA.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that weight loss after RYGB alters the epigenome through DNA methylation. In particular, this study highlights ITGB3 as a novel gene that may contribute to the metabolic improvements observed post-surgery. Future additional studies are warranted to address the exact mechanism of ITGB3 in skeletal muscle.