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Trichoderma spp. mediated induction of systemic defense response in brinjal against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

ABSTRACT: Induction of resistance to pathogen is associated with the colonization of root by Trichoderma spp. has been attributed as one of the major mechanisms contributing to pathogenic invasion. The present study sheds light on the defense network of brinjal plant bioprimed with Trichoderma spp. challenged with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Plants treated with dual inoculation of Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma asperellum triggered further synthesis of TPC under S. sclerotiorum challenge with maximum increment recorded at 72 hours. In consortium treated and pathogen challenged plants, a higher amount of shikimic acid was observed at 72 hours, whereas other phenolics showed little differences among the treatments. The consortium treatment showed significantly higher defense related enzymes (Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase, Peroxidase and Polyphenol Oxidase) activity than other treatments. The study signifies how Trichoderma spp. reprograms the host's defense network to provide robust protection against S. sclerotiorum. In the present case, overall protection was provided to the brinjal plants against the attack of S. sclerotiorum.

SUBMITTER: Pratap Singh S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8610364 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BACKGROUND: The species of T. harzianum are well known for their biocontrol activity against plant pathogens. However, few studies have been conducted to further our understanding of its role as a biological control agent against S. sclerotiorum, a pathogen involved in several crop diseases around the world. In this study, we have used RNA-seq and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) techniques in order to explore changes in T. harzianum gene expression during growth on cell wall of S. sclerotiorum (SSCW) or glucose. RT-qPCR was also used to examine genes potentially involved in biocontrol, during confrontation between T. harzianum and S. sclerotiorum. RESULTS: Data obtained from six RNA-seq libraries were aligned onto the T. harzianum CBS 226.95 reference genome and compared after annotation using the Blast2GO suite. A total of 297 differentially expressed genes were found in mycelia grown for 12, 24 and 36 h under the two different conditions: supplemented with glucose or SSCW. Functional annotation of these genes identified diverse biological processes and molecular functions required during T. harzianum growth on SSCW or glucose. We identified various genes of biotechnological value encoding proteins with functions such as transporters, hydrolytic activity, adherence, appressorium development and pathogenesis. To validate the expression profile, RT-qPCR was performed using 20 randomly chosen genes. RT-qPCR expression profiles were in complete agreement with the RNA-Seq data for 17 of the genes evaluated. The other three showed differences at one or two growth times. During the confrontation assay, some genes were up-regulated during and after contact, as shown in the presence of SSCW which is commonly used as a model to mimic this interaction. CONCLUSIONS: The present study is the first initiative to use RNA-seq for identification of differentially expressed genes in T. harzianum strain TR274, in response to the phytopathogenic fungus S. sclerotiorum. It provides insights into the mechanisms of gene expression involved in mycoparasitism of T. harzianum against S.sclerotiorum. The RNA-seq data presented will facilitate improvement of the annotation of gene models in the draft T. harzianum genome and provide important information regarding the transcriptome during this interaction.

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Trichoderma spp. mediated induction of systemic defense response in brinjal against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

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