Endometriotic Peritoneal Defect Is a Risk Factor for Peritoneal Ectopic Pregnancy or Tubal Abortion Implant.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Kwek LK
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8613489 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Introduction and importanceBilateral ectopic pregnancy is one of the rarest forms of ectopic pregnancy due to the difficulty of diagnosis and interference before surgery, where ectopic pregnancy cases are clinically indistinguishable from unilateral ectopic pregnancy, and many cases are discovered by chance during surgery.The Importance of this report comes from the history of a patient with four cesarean sections, who developed two-tailed tubal ectopic pregnancy without ovulation induction or any contraception methods.Case presentationOur patient after admission to the emergency department was diagnosed with a unilateral GS = 9W ectopic pregnancy in the right fallopian tube based on Doppler echography. However, during the surgery, the surgeon discovered a rupture in the left tube, which was discovered to be another left fallopian ectopic pregnancy confirmed by pathology.Clinical discussionOur patient presented with typical symptoms of ectopic pregnancy confirmed by BHCG blood test and Doppler ultra sound but the untypical finding of bilateral ectopic pregnancy without suggestive history couldn't be discovered until laparatomy.ConclusionThis case reminds us to always check both adnexa before making any decisions and because of the poor presurgical diagnosis of EP, it highlights the importance of human resources and equipment which could save our patients fertility.ConclusionTo preserve the integrity of the organs and the patient's future fertility the doctor who diagnoses a tubal ectopic pregnancy should always check the other tube before taking action even if the suspicion is not due to the induction of ovulation, and never fully trust imaging study only as an aiding tool to make a diagnosis; nevertheless, the patient could have been better managed and her fertility saved if better capabilities were available.
| S-EPMC8554463 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo present our experience with laparoscopic tube-preserving surgery for ectopic tubal pregnancy and evaluate its feasibility and efficacy.MethodsThis was a prospective study of 57 consecutive patients with ectopic tubal pregnancies undergoing laparoscopic tube-preserving procedures including salpingotomy, salpingostomy, segmental resection and reanastomosis, and fimbrial milking. The outcome measures were treatment success rates and homolateral patency rates.ResultsOf the 57 surgical procedures, 55 (96.4%) were performed successfully without any additional intervention. The number of patients receiving salpingotomy, salpingostomy, segmental resection and reanastomosis, and fimbrial milking were 24 (42.1%), 25 (43.9%), 4 (7.0%), and 2 (3.5%), respectively. Two case was switched to salpingectomy because excessive bipolar coagulation was required to obtain hemostasis at the tubal bleeding bed. Over a mean β-human chorionic gonadotropin resolution time of 18.3±5.9 days, no persistent trophoblast or postoperative complications occurred. A tubal patency test using hysterosalpingography was performed in 15 cases at 3 months postoperatively. Among these, the homolateral tubal patency rate was 75% (11 of 15) and the contralateral patency rate was 80% (12 of 15).ConclusionTube-preserving surgery is a feasible and safe treatment option for ectopic tubal pregnancy. However, considering that the optimal goal of tube-preserving surgical procedures is not the treatment success, some caution is warranted in interpreting results of this study.
| S-EPMC5120071 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo evaluate racial and ethnic disparities in the surgical management of ectopic pregnancy over time.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingNone.PatientsSurgically-managed cases of patients with tubal ectopic pregnancy within the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database between 2010 and 2019.InterventionsNone.Main outcome measuresSurgical approach (laparoscopic compared with open) and procedure (salpingectomy compared with salpingostomy/other).ResultsOf 7791 patients undergoing surgical management of tubal ectopic pregnancy, 21.8% identified as Hispanic, 24.5% as Black, 9.4% as Asian/other, and 44.3% as White. Use of laparoscopy increased 1.3% per year from 81.4% in 2010 to 91.0% in 2019 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.010-0.016). Odds of undergoing laparoscopic surgery were lower in Black (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.52; 95% CI, 0.45-0.61) and Hispanic patients (aOR 0.52; 95% CI, 0.44-0.61) compared with White patients and remained similar over time. The use of salpingectomy increased by 1.1% per year from 80.6% in 2010 to 94.7% in 2019 (95% CI, 0.009-0.014). Odds of undergoing salpingectomy were higher among Black (aOR 1.78, 95% CI 1.43-2.23) and Hispanic patients (aOR 1.54; 95% CI, 1.24-1.93) and lower among Asian patients (aOR 0.73, 95% CI, 0.56-0.95) compared with White patients. These ratios remained similar for Black and Asian patients over time.ConclusionsDespite the increased use of laparoscopy and salpingectomy in the surgical management of ectopic pregnancy over time, Black and Hispanic patients remain less likely to undergo minimally invasive surgery and more likely to undergo salpingectomy compared with White patients.
| S-EPMC9783145 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Ectopic pregnancy (EP) occurs when the embryo fails to transit to the uterus and attach to the luminal epithelium of the Fallopian tube (FT). Tubal EP is a common gynecological emergency and more than 95% of EP occurs in the ampullary region of the FT. In humans, Wnt activation and downregulation of olfactomedin-1 (Olfm-1) occur in the receptive endometrium and coincided with embryo implantation in vivo. Whether similar molecular changes happen in the FT leading to EP remains unclear. We hypothesized that activation of Wnt signaling downregulates Olfm-1 expression predisposes to EP. We investigated the spatiotemporal expression of Olfm-1 in FT from non-pregnant women and women with EP, and used a novel trophoblastic spheroid (embryo surrogate)-FT epithelial cell co-culture model (JAr and OE-E6/E7 cells) to study the role of Olfm-1 on spheroid attachment. Olfm-1 mRNA expression in the ampullary region of non-pregnant FT was higher (P<0.05) in the follicular phase than in the luteal phase. Ampullary tubal Olfm-1 expression was lower in FT from women with EP compared to normal controls at the luteal phase (histological scoring (H-SCORE)=1.3±0.2 vs 2.4±0.5; P<0.05). Treatment of OE-E6/E7 with recombinant Olfm-1 (0.2-5??g/ml) suppressed spheroid attachment to OE-E6/E7 cells, while activation of Wnt-signaling pathway by Wnt3a or LiCl reduced endogenous Olfm-1 expression and increased spheroid attachment. Conversely, suppression of Olfm-1 expression by RNAi increased spheroid attachment to OE-E6/E7 cells. Taken together, Wnt activation suppresses Olfm-1 expression, and this may predispose a favorable microenvironment of the retained embryo in the FT, leading to EP in humans.
| S-EPMC3272473 | biostudies-other
Project description:Tubal ectopic pregnancies are a leading cause of global maternal morbidity and mortality. Previous infection with Chlamydia trachomatis is a major risk factor for tubal embryo implantation but the biological mechanism behind this association is unclear. Successful intra-uterine embryo implantation is associated with increased expression of endometrial "receptivity" integrins (cell adhesion molecules). We examined integrin expression in Fallopian tubes of women with previous C. trachomatis infection, in mice experimentally infected with C. trachomatis, in immortalised human oviductal epithelial cells (OE-E6/E7) and in an in vitro model of human embryo attachment (trophoblast spheroid-OE-E6/7 cell co-culture). Previous exposure with C. trachomatis increased Fallopian tube/oviduct integrin-subunit beta-1 (ITGB1) in women and mice compared to controls. C. trachomatis increased OE-E6/E7 cell ITGB1 expression and promoted trophoblast attachment to OE-E6/E7 cells which was negated by anti-ITGB1-antibody. We demonstrate that infection with C. trachomatis increases tubal ITGB1 expression, predisposing to tubal embryo attachment and ectopic pregnancy.
| S-EPMC5925620 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesTo compare the success rates and safety of two-doses of methotrexate versus single dose of methotrexate in ectopic tubal pregnancy.MethodsThis was an open-label, randomized controlled trial done at "The Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nishtar University Hospital, Multan" from January 2020 to July 2021. A total of 100 women (50 in each group), aged 20 to 35 years with a tubal ectopic pregnancy were enrolled. All patients were randomly allocated to either single-dose or two-dose methotrexate protocol. Cases were evaluated for treatment success, side effects, beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG) resolution time and treatment satisfaction.ResultsIn a total of 100 cases, mean age was 29.6±4.5 years. Mean serum β -hCG levels at baseline was 1212±78 mIU/ml. Treatment success was noted among 43 (86.0%) cases of single-dose group versus 45 (90.0%) cases (p=0.5382). Duration of β -hCG resolution time was significantly shorter in two-dose group (23.0±12.1 days versus 28.2±12.8 days, p=0.0394). No significant difference was noted in methotrexate associated side effects in both study groups (p=0.9996). Overall, mean satisfaction score was 4.0±1.3 (out of 5).ConclusionAlthough, β -hCG resolution time was significantly low in two-dose protocol but single-dose methotrexate offered comparable success rates versus two-dose protocol. Side effects were mild and comparable in both methotrexate treatment protocols. Methotrexate was found to be effective in the medical management of ectopic pregnancy.
| S-EPMC9378401 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In this data, non-pregnant women during the menstrual cycle, women with normal intrauterine pregnancy (IUP), and women with tubal ectopic pregnancy (EP) after informed consent were included. The serum levels of 17?-estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, interleukin (IL)-1?, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor ? (TNF?), and interferon-? (IFN-?), epidermal growth factor, the Chlamydia (C.) trachomatis IgG and HSP60 were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to assess the diagnostic discrimination of tubal EP and gestational age-matched IUP. Our data show that C. trachomatis infection is associated with IL-8 levels, which had excellent discriminative validity in positively identifying tubal EP (concomitant with C. trachomatis infection) from IUP and non-pregnant conditions regardless of C. trachomatis infection.
| S-EPMC4706561 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Objective: Bilateral tubal ectopic pregnancies are rare; the reported incidence is only 1 in 200 000 pregnancies. Detecting bilateral tubal ectopic pregnancy is urgent because of the associated morbidity and mortality. The appropriate fertility-preserving surgery must also be considered, as preservation of both tubes is presumed to offer better fertility prospects. Case Report: A 39-year-old gravida 2, para 1 presented with vaginal bleeding at 8 + 4 weeks of gestation. An approximately 18 mm adnexal mass in the right fallopian tube was detected on ultrasound. Laparoscopy was performed because ectopic pregnancy was suspected. This suspicion was confirmed during laparoscopy; the right fallopian tube was found to contain a mass measuring 20 mm in the isthmic part. Ultrasound of the left fallopian tube also showed a mass in the ampullary region (diameter: 10 mm), also suspicious for ectopic pregnancy. Bilateral salpingotomy was performed laparoscopically. Pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis. Conclusions for Practice: Although ectopic tubal pregnancy is seen more often after assisted reproductive techniques, bilateral spontaneous ectopic pregnancies must also be considered in other cases. Laparoscopic surgery is effective to confirm the diagnosis and treat heterotopic pregnancies. Further studies will be needed to confirm whether unilateral or bilateral conservative fertility-preserving surgery is more appropriate.
| S-EPMC4846403 | biostudies-other
Project description:The pathophysiology of endometriosis remains unclear but involves a complex interaction between ectopic endometrium and host peritoneal tissues. We hypothesized that disruption of this interaction would suppress endometriotic lesion formation. We hoped to delineate the molecular and cellular dialogue between ectopic human endometrium and peritoneal tissues in nude mice as a first step toward testing this hypothesis. Human endometrium was xenografted into nude mice, and the resulting lesions were analyzed using microarrays. A novel technique was developed that unambiguously determined whether RNA transcripts identified via microarray analyses originated from human cells (endometrium) or mouse cells (mesothelium). Four key pathways (ubiquitin/proteasome, inflammation, tissue remodeling/repair, and ras-mediated oncogenesis) were revealed, demonstrating communication between host mesothelial cells and ectopic endometrium. Morphometric analysis of nude mouse lesions confirmed that necrosis, inflammation, healing and repair, and cell proliferation occurred during xenograft development. These processes were entirely consistent with the molecular networks revealed by the microarray data. The transcripts detected in the xenografts overlapped with differentially expressed transcripts in a comparison between paired eutopic and ectopic endometria from human endometriotic patients. For the first time, components of the interaction between ectopic endometrium and peritoneal stromal tissues are revealed. Targeted disruption of this dialogue is likely to inhibit endometriotic tissue formation and may prove to be an effective therapeutic strategy for endometriosis.
| S-EPMC2527068 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety between laparoscopy and local injection with absolute ethanol (AE) for treating tubal ectopic pregnancy (EP).Study designRetrospective cohort study of ectopic pregnancies in the fallopian tube from two tertiary hospitals between January 2015 and December 2017. Clinical information such as presenting symptoms, reproductive history, possible risk factors, initial diagnosis, serum beta-human chor-ionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) level, transvaginal ultrasonography findings, methods of treatment and outcomes were reviewed and analyzed.ResultsA total of 119 patients were identified for this study. The diagnosis was based on clinical manifestations, ultrasonography scan and dynamic serum β-HCG. 71.4% of women (85/119) had at least one risk factor for ectopic pregnancy, with the most common risk factors being a history of induced labor, uterine curettage, spontaneous abortion or tubal pregnancy. 64 patients were managed by laparoscopic surgery (Group A) and 2 subjects were failure and followed by a systemic methotrexate (MTX) prescription. The other 55 patients had local injection with absolute ethanol, of which 9 cases failed, followed by a second local injection and intramuscular MTX. The HCG decrease rate post absolute ethanol injection was a value predictive factor for prognosis. Moreover, the pregnancy rate one-year post treatment in local injection subjects (10/55, 18.2%) was higher than that of surgical subjects (5/64, 7.8%).ConclusionLocal injection of absolute ethanol and laparoscopic surgery for tubal ectopic pregnancy are both effective and relatively safe, but laparoscopic surgery has better efficacy and shorten hospitalization day. Local injection may be less invasiveness and thus beneficial to fertility preservation.
| S-EPMC6687442 | biostudies-literature