Dataset Information

Antifungal and Anti-Biofilm Effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester on Different Candida Species.

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the effect of CAPE on planktonic growth, biofilm-forming abilities, mature biofilms, and cell death of C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, and C. parapsilosis strains. Our results showed a strain- and dose-dependent effect of CAPE on Candida, and the MIC values were between 12.5 and 100 µg/mL. Similarly, the MBIC values of CAPE ranging between 50 and 100 µg/mL highlighted the inhibition of the biofilm-forming abilities in a dose-dependent manner, as well. However, CAPE showed a weak to moderate biofilm eradication ability (19-49%) on different Candida strains mature biofilms. Both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent apoptosis after CAPE treatment were observed in certain tested Candida strains. Our study has displayed typical apoptotic hallmarks of CAPE-induced chromatin margination, nuclear blebs, nuclear condensation, plasma membrane detachment, enlarged lysosomes, cytoplasm fragmentation, cell wall distortion, whole-cell shrinkage, and necrosis. In conclusion, CAPE has a concentration and strain-dependent inhibitory activity on viability, biofilm formation ability, and cell death response in the different Candida species.

SUBMITTER: Alfarrayeh I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8614700 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Antifungal and Anti-Biofilm Effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester on Different Candida Species.

Alfarrayeh Ibrahim I Pollák Edit E Czéh Árpád Á Vida András A Das Sourav S Papp Gábor G

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) 20211107 11

This study investigated the effect of CAPE on planktonic growth, biofilm-forming abilities, mature biofilms, and cell death of C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, and C. parapsilosis strains. Our results showed a strain- and dose-dependent effect of CAPE on Candida, and the MIC values were between 12.5 and 100 µg/mL. Similarly, the MBIC values of CAPE ranging between 50 and 100 µg/mL highlighted the inhibition of the biofilm-forming abilities in a dose-dep ...[more]

PMID: 34827297

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Project description:BackgroundCaffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a natural phenolic compound, has demonstrated antibacterial effects. Dental caries etiology is multifactorial, including a cariogenic biofilm containing multispecies bacteria. However, the antibacterial property of CAPE on multispecies biofilm is unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of CAPE on the formation and cariogenicity in biofilm containing Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, and Streptococcus mitis.MethodsS. mutans (ATCC 25175), S. oralis (ATCC 35037), and S. mitis (ATCC 49456T) were employed in this investigation. Each bacterial strain was cultured in the presence of CAPE, followed by susceptibility assessment through optical density measurements at a 600 nm wavelength. Multispecies biofilm formation was achieved by co-culturing S. mutans, S. oralis, and S. mitis at a 1:1:1 ratio on hydroxyapatite-coated 96-well plates. The anti-adherence activity of CAPE on multispecies biofilm was evaluated using a crystal violet staining assay. Cariogenic gene expression level and glucosyltransferase (GTF) function in CAPE-treated mixed bacteria were evaluated using real-time PCR and enzyme activity assay, respectively. The thickness and bacterial viability in CAPE-treated multispecies biofilm were examined using confocal laser scanning microscopy.ResultsCAPE demonstrated a significant antimicrobial effect on S. mutans, S. oralis, and S. mitis (p < 0.05). The inhibition concentration 50% (IC50) of CAPE against S. mutans, S. oralis, and S. mitis ranged from 1.6-6.4 mg/ml. CAPE significantly hindered the multispecies biofilm adherence (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the expression of genes involved in acidogenicity, aciduricity, sucrose-dependent adhesion and quorum sensing mechanism and GTF activity were significantly decreased in CAPE-treated mixed bacteria (p < 0.05). In a multispecies biofilm, CAPE significantly reduced its thickness and viable bacteria population (p < 0.05). In conclusion, CAPE exhibited antimicrobial, anti-adherence and anti-cariogenic effects within a multispecies biofilm. These findings suggest the potential use of CAPE as an adjunctive anti-cariogenic agent in future dental applications.

Project description:Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans exhibit strong cariogenicity through cross-kingdom biofilm formation during the pathogenesis of dental caries. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a natural compound, has potential antimicrobial effects on each species individually, but there are no reports of its effect on this dual-species biofilm. This study aimed to explore the effects of CAPE on cariogenic biofilm formation by S. mutans and C. albicans and the related mechanisms. The effect of CAPE on planktonic cell growth was investigated, and crystal violet staining, the anthrone-sulfuric acid assay and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to evaluate biofilm formation. The structures of the formed biofilms were observed using scanning electron microscopy. To explain the antimicrobial effect of CAPE, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was applied to monitor the relative expression levels of cariogenic genes. Finally, the biocompatibility of CAPE in human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) was evaluated using the CCK-8 assay. The results showed that CAPE suppressed the growth, biofilm formation and extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) synthesis of C. albicans and S. mutans in the coculture system of the two species. The expression of the gtf gene was also suppressed by CAPE. The efficacy of CAPE was concentration dependent, and the compound exhibited acceptable biocompatibility. Our research lays the foundation for further study of the application of the natural compound CAPE as a potential antimicrobial agent to control dental caries-associated cross-kingdom biofilms. IMPORTANCE Severe dental caries is a multimicrobial infectious disease that is strongly induced by the cross-kingdom biofilm formed by S. mutans and C. albicans. This study aimed to investigate the potential of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) as a natural product in the prevention of severe caries. This study clarified the inhibitory effect of CAPE on cariogenic biofilm formation and the control of cariogenic genes. It deepens our understanding of the synergistic cariogenic effect of S. mutans and C. albicans and provides a new perspective for the prevention and control of dental caries with CAPE. These findings may contribute to the development of CAPE as a promising antimicrobial agent targeting this caries-related cross-kingdom biofilm.

Dataset Information

Antifungal and Anti-Biofilm Effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester on Different Candida Species.

Publications

Antifungal and Anti-Biofilm Effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester on Different <i>Candida</i> Species.

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