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Ex Vivo Vibration Spectroscopic Analysis of Colorectal Polyps for the Early Diagnosis of Colorectal Carcinoma.

ABSTRACT: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common and often fatal cancers in humans, but it has the highest chance of a cure if detected at an early precancerous stage. Carcinogenesis in the colon begins as an uncontrolled growth forming polyps. Some of these polyps can finally be converted to colon cancer. Early diagnosis of adenomatous polyps is the main approach for screening and preventing colorectal cancer, and vibration spectroscopy can be used for this purpose. This work is focused on evaluating FTIR and Raman spectroscopy as a tool in the ex vivo analysis of colorectal polyps, which could be important for the early diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma. Multivariate analyses (PCA and LDA) were used to assist the spectroscopic discrimination of normal colon tissue, as well as benign and malignant colon polyps. The spectra demonstrated evident differences in the characteristic bands of the main tissue constituents, i.e., proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, polysaccharides, etc. Suitable models for discriminating the three mentioned diagnostic groups were proposed based on multivariate analyses of the spectroscopic data. LDA classification was especially successful in the case of a combined set of 55 variables from the FTIR, FT Raman and dispersion Raman spectra. This model can be proposed for ex vivo colorectal cancer diagnostics in combination with the colonoscopic extraction of colon polyps for further testing. This pilot study is a precursor for the further evaluation of the diagnostic potential for the simultaneous in vivo application of colonoscopic Raman probes.

SUBMITTER: Synytsya A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8621094 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Background and study aims Correct optical diagnosis of colorectal polyps is crucial to implement a resect and discard strategy. Training methods have been proposed to reach recommended optical diagnosis thresholds. The aim of our study was to present a systematic review and meta-analysis on optical diagnosis training. Methods PubMed/Medline and Cochrane databases were searched between 1980 and October 2019 for studies reporting outcomes on optical diagnosis training of colorectal polyps. The primary outcome was optical diagnosis accuracy compared to histological analysis pre-training and post-training intervention. Subgroup analyses of experienced/trainee endoscopists, training methods, and small/diminutive polyps were included. Results Overall, 16 studies met inclusion criteria, analyzing the impact of training on 179 endoscopists. Pre-training accuracy was 70.3 % (6416/9131 correct diagnoses) whereas post-training accuracy was 81.6 % (7416/9213 correct diagnoses) (risk ratio [RR] 1.17; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-1.24, P < 0.001). In experienced endoscopists, accuracy improved from 69.8 % (3771/5403 correct diagnoses) to 82.4 % (4521/5485 correct diagnoses) (RR 1.20; 95 % CI: 1.11-1.29, P < 0.001). Among trainees, accuracy improved from 69.6 % (2645/3803 correct diagnoses) to 78.8 % (2995/3803 correct diagnoses) (RR 1.14; 95 % CI 1.06-1.24, P < 0.001). In the small/diminutive polyp subgroup, accuracy improved from 68.1 % (3549/5214 correct diagnoses) to 77.1 % (4022/5214 correct diagnoses) in (RR 1.16 95 % CI 1.08-1.24 P < 0.001). On meta-regression analysis, the improvement in accuracy did not differ between computerized vs. didactic training approaches for experienced ( P = 0.792) and trainee endoscopists ( P = 0.312). Conclusions Optical diagnosis training is effective in improving accuracy of histology prediction in colorectal polyps. Didactic and computer-based training show comparable effectiveness in improving diagnostic accuracy.

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Ex Vivo Vibration Spectroscopic Analysis of Colorectal Polyps for the Early Diagnosis of Colorectal Carcinoma.

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