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Identifying two moth species (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia) from Saudi Arabia using mitochondrial 16S rRNA sequences

ABSTRACT: The mitochondrial genetic markers are considered useful tools for discrimination between more closely related lepidopteran taxa. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of mitochondrial (mt) 16 s rRNA gene in the determination of the taxonomic position for two moth species within Ditrysia clade. Maximum likelihood analysis has indicated a well-supported dendrogram based on the Tamura-Nei model for the recovered lepidopterans. The mt 16 s rRNA query sequences from 24 species within seven families were analyzed. This analysis and bootstrap confidence revealed two major clades representing Glossata suborder within Lepidoptera, with a close relationship of Noctuoidea + (Pyraloidea (Hesperioidea + Papilionoidea)). The subfamily Heliothinae forming a sister group with Risobinae (Noctinae + Hadeninae). In addition, there is a clear observation about the close relation between Phycitinae + Galleriinae within Pyraloidea and Cyrestinae + Limenitidinae within Papilionoidea. The present study supported that the Helicoverpa and Meroptera species are the first accounts of these genera inhabiting Saudi Arabia.

SUBMITTER: Abdel-Gaber R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8626258 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:16S rRNA gene sequences are commonly analyzed for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies because they contain variable regions that can help distinguish different genera. However, intra-genus distinction using variable region homology is often impossible due to the high overall sequence identities among closely related species, even though some residues may be conserved within respective species. Using a computational method that included the allelic diversity within individual genomes, we discovered that certain Escherichia and Shigella species can be distinguished by a multi-allelic 16S rRNA variable region single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). To evaluate the performance of 16S rRNAs with altered variable regions, we developed an in vivo system that measures the acceptance and distribution of variant 16S rRNAs into a large pool of natural versions supporting normal translation and growth. We found that 16S rRNAs containing evolutionarily disparate variable regions were underpopulated both in ribosomes and in active translation pools, even for an SNP. Overall, this study revealed that variable region sequences can substantially influence the performance of 16S rRNAs and that this biological constraint can be leveraged to justify refining taxonomic assignments of variable region sequence data. IMPORTANCE This study reevaluates the notion that 16S rRNA gene variable region sequences are uninformative for intra-genus classification and that single nucleotide variations within them have no consequence to strains that bear them. We demonstrated that the performance of 16S rRNAs in Escherichia coli can be negatively impacted by sequence changes in variable regions, even for single nucleotide changes that are native to closely related Escherichia and Shigella species; thus, biological performance is likely constraining the evolution of variable regions in bacteria. Further, the native nucleotide variations we tested occur in all strains of their respective species and across their multiple 16S rRNA gene copies, suggesting that these species evolved beyond what would be discerned from a consensus sequence comparison. Therefore, this work also reveals that the multiple 16S rRNA gene alleles found in most bacteria can provide more informative phylogenetic and taxonomic detail than a single reference allele.

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Identifying two moth species (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia) from Saudi Arabia using mitochondrial 16S rRNA sequences

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