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Do Preoperative Transfusions Impact Prognosis in Moderate to Severe Anaemic Surgical Patients with Colon Cancer?

ABSTRACT: (1) Background: Anaemia is a common finding in patients with colon cancer and is commonly corrected by blood transfusion prior to surgery. However, the prognostic role of perioperative transfusions is still debated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of preoperative anaemia and preoperative blood transfusion in influencing the prognosis in colon cancer. (2) Patients and Methods: Patients undergoing elective surgery for colon cancer at a tertiary referral university hospital between January 2010 and December 2018 were included in a retrospective review of a prospectively collected database. Univariate and regression analyses were performed to identify the prognostic role of preoperative anaemia and preoperative transfusions in this homogeneous cohort of patients. (3) Results: A total of 780 patients were included in the final analysis. The estimated five-year overall survival rate was significantly worse in the anaemic group (83.8% in non-anaemic patients, 60.6% in mild anaemic patients, 61.3% in moderate anaemic patients and 58.4% in severe anaemic patients; log-rank < 0.001 vs. non-anaemic patients). Anaemic status was found to be an independent adverse prognostic factor (hazard ratio (HR): 1.46; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-2.07) during multivariate analysis. Among moderate to severe anaemic patients, no significant association was found between preoperative transfusions and the risk of mortality or recurrence. (4) Conclusions: Preoperative anaemia, regardless of its severity, and not preoperative blood transfusion, was independently associated with a worse prognosis after surgery in patients with colonic cancer.

SUBMITTER: Tamini N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8628678 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:IntroductionModerate to severe acute malnutrition (SAM/MAM) and severe anaemia are important and associated co-morbidities in children aged less than five years. Independently, these two morbidities are responsible for high risk of in-hospital and post-discharge deaths and hospital readmissions. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the risk of death among severely anaemic children with moderate to severe acute malnutrition compared to children with severe anaemia alone.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of data collected from a large prospective study that was investigating severe anaemia in children aged less than 5 years old. The study was conducted at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Blantyre and Chikhwawa district hospital in southern Malawi. Children aged less than five years old; with severe anaemia were screened and enrolled. Each child was followed up for eighteen months at one, three, six, twelve and eighteen months after enrolment. Data were analysed using STATA 15.ResultsBetween July 2002 and July 2004, 382 severely anaemic children were enrolled in the main study. A total of 52 children were excluded due to missing anthropometric data. Out of the 330 included, 53 children were moderately to severely malnourished and 277 were not. At the end of the 18-month follow period, 28.3% of children with MAM/SAM died compared to 13% of children without MAM/SAM (RR 2.1, CI 0.9-4.2, p = 0.03). Similarly, children with moderate to severe malnutrition reported a significantly higher number of malaria infection cases (33.9%) compared to children with severe anaemia alone (27.9%, p = 0.02). However, the number of hospitalizations and recurrence of severe anaemia was similar and not statistically significant between the two groups (RR 0.8 (0.4-1.4), p = 0.6 and RR 1.1 (0.3-2.8), p = 0.8).ConclusionAmong children with severe anaemia, those who also had moderate to severe malnutrition had a twofold higher risk of dying compared to those who did not. It is therefore crucial to investigate acute malnutrition among severely anaemic children, as this might be treatable factor associated with high mortality.

Project description:ObjectivesPreoperative anaemia is associated with increased risks of postoperative complications, blood transfusion and mortality. This meta-analysis aims to review the best available evidence on the clinical effectiveness of preoperative iron in anaemic patients undergoing elective total hip (THR) or total knee replacement (TKR).DesignElectronic databases and handsearching were used to identify randomised and non-randomised studies of interventions (NRSI) reporting perioperative blood transfusion rates for anaemic participants receiving iron before elective THR or TKR. Searches of CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed and other databases were conducted on 17 April 2019 and updated on 15 July 2020. Two investigators independently reviewed studies for eligibility and evaluated risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and a modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale for NRSIs. Data extraction was performed by ABS and checked by AB. Meta-analysis used the Mantel-Haenszel method and random-effects models.Results807 records were identified: 12 studies met the inclusion criteria, of which 10 were eligible for meta-analyses (one RCT and nine NRSIs). Five of the NRSIs were of high-quality while there were some concerns of bias in the RCT. Meta-analysis of 10 studies (n=2178 participants) showed a 39% reduction in risk of receiving a perioperative blood transfusion with iron compared with no iron (risk ratio 0.61, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.73, p<0.001, I2=0%). There was a significant reduction in the number of red blood cell units transfused with iron compared with no iron (mean difference -0.37units, 95% CI -0.47 to -0.27, p<0.001, I2=40%); six studies (n=1496). Length of stay was significantly reduced with iron, by an average of 2.08 days (95% CI -2.64 to -1.51, p<0.001, I2=40%); five studies (n=1140).ConclusionsPreoperative iron in anaemic, elective THR or TKR patients, significantly reduces the number of patients and number of units transfused and length of stay. However, high-quality, randomised trials are lacking.Prospero registration numberCRD42019129035.

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Do Preoperative Transfusions Impact Prognosis in Moderate to Severe Anaemic Surgical Patients with Colon Cancer?

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