Effect of early enteral nutrition on critical care outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
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ABSTRACT: Objective
Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is a comorbidity of ischemic stroke related to clinical outcomes. Early enteral nutrition (EEN; within 48 hours) reduces the incidence of infection and length of intensive care unit (ICU)/hospital stay. The relationship between EEN and critical care outcomes, including SAP, in patients with ischemic stroke has been insufficiently studied.Methods
We recruited 499 patients in this retrospective observational study. We evaluated SAP incidence within 14 days from admission. Patients were divided into an EEN group and a late EN group (LEN; start later than EEN). We compared groups regarding background and length of ICU/hospital stay.Results
EN was started within 48 hours in 236 patients. SAP was diagnosed in 94 patients (18.8%), with most in the LEN group (28.1% vs. 8.5%). Median [interquartile range] lengths of hospitalization (22 [12-30] days vs. 35 [20-45] days) and ICU stay (4 [2-5] days vs. 6 [3-8] days) were longer in the LEN group. EEN reduced the incidence of SAP. By contrast, consciousness disturbance and worsening consciousness level increased the SAP incidence. Increased age and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score were associated with start of prolonged EN.Conclusions
We found that EEN may reduce SAP risk.
SUBMITTER: Mizuma A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8640982 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundEarly nutrition after acute ischemic stroke is crucial. We explored early enteral nutrition for stroke patients and evaluated changes in blood indicators as a predictor of stroke prognosis.MethodsAll hospitalized stroke patients receiving enteral nutrition were included in the study. We retrospectively collected the protein, energy, fat, and carbohydrate values for 7 days after admission. Serum albumin, total protein, and hemoglobin values were reviewed at admission and at one week. The main outcome indicators were the Modified Rankin Score, Barthel Index, and Quality of Life at 3 months.ResultsA total of 354 patients (mean age, 70.7 years; 59.0% male) were included. The change in serum albumin at day 7 relative to at admission was positively correlated with the Quality of Life score (p = 0.001), the Barthel Index (p = 0.004), and the modified Rankin Score (p = 0.029). The change in total protein at day 7 relative to at admission was positively correlated with the Quality of Life score (p = 0.002), the Barthel Index (p = 0.001), and the modified Rankin score (p = 0.011). The change in hemoglobin values at day 7 relative to at admission was positively correlated with the Barthel Index (p = 0.037 but not with the Quality of Life score (p = 0.237) or the modified Rankin score (p = 0.730).ConclusionsImproved nutrition-related blood indicators one week after admission were independently associated with good stroke outcomes. Nutritional support for acute ischemic stroke patients during the early hospitalization stage appears to be advisable.Trial registrationThis review was a retrospective cohort study. The study was retrospectively registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No: ChiCTR2300077228). Registration date: 1/11/2023.
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Project description:BackgroundIntegrated care pathways (ICP) in stroke management are increasingly being implemented to improve outcomes of acute stroke patients. We evaluated the effect of implementing a 72 hour stroke care bundle on early outcomes among patients admitted within seven days post stroke to the national referral hospital in Uganda.MethodsIn a one year non-randomised controlled study, 127 stroke patients who had 'usual care' (control group) were compared to 127 stroke patients who received selected elements from an ICP (intervention group). Patients were consecutively enrolled (controls first, intervention group second) into each group over 5 month periods and followed to 30-days post stroke. Incidence outcomes (mortality and functional ability) were compared using chi square test and adjusted for potential confounders. Kaplan Meier survival estimates and log rank test for comparison were used for time to death analysis for all strokes and by stroke severity categories. Secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, median survival time and median length of hospital stay.ResultsMortality within 7 days was higher in the intervention group compared to controls (RR 13.1, 95% CI 3.3-52.9). There was no difference in 30-day mortality between the two groups (RR 1.2, 95% CI 0.5-2.6). There was better 30-day survival in patients with severe stroke in the intervention group compared to controls (P = 0.018). The median survival time was 30 days (IQR 29-30 days) in the control group and 30 days (IQR 7-30 days) in the intervention group. In the intervention group, 41patients (32.3%) died in hospital compared to 23 (18.1%) in controls (P < 0.001). The median length of hospital stay was 8 days (IQR 5-12 days) in the controls and 4 days (IQR 2-7 days) in the intervention group. There was no difference in functional outcomes between the groups (RR 0.9, 95% CI 0.4-2.2).ConclusionsWhile implementing elements of a stroke-focused ICP in a Ugandan national referral hospital appeared to have little overall benefit in mortality and functioning, patients with severe stroke may benefit on selected outcomes. More research is needed to better understand how and when stroke protocols should be implemented in sub-Saharan African settings.Trial registrationPan African Clinical Trials Registry PACTR201510001272347.
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Project description:AimTo investigate the effects of early enteral nutrition (EEN) on the immune function and clinical outcome of patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).MethodsPatients were randomly allocated to receive EEN or delayed enteral nutrition (DEN). Enteral nutrition was started within 48 h after admission in EEN group, whereas from the 8(th) day in DEN group. All the immunologic parameters and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were collected on days 1, 3, 7 and 14 after admission. The clinical outcome variables were also recorded.ResultsSixty SAP patients were enrolled to this study. The CD4+ T-lymphocyte percentage, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and the CRP levels in EEN group became significantly lower than in DEN group from the 7(th) day after admission. In contrast, the immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels and human leukocyte antigen-DR expression in EEN group became significantly higher than in DEN group from the 7(th) day after admission. No difference of CD8+ T-lymphocyte percentage, IgM and IgA levels was found between the two groups. The incidences of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and pancreatic infection as well as the duration of intensive care unit stay were significantly lower in EEN group than in DEN group. However, there was no difference of hospital mortality between the two groups.ConclusionEEN moderates the excessive immune response during the early stage of SAP without leading to subsequent immunosuppression. EEN can improve the clinical outcome, but not decrease the hospital mortality of SAP patients.
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Project description:BackgroundMalnutrition is one of the crucial factors associated with poor prognosis in critical ill patients, yet a significant evidence gap surrounds the management of initial enteral feeding in severe stroke. The Optimizing Early Enteral Nutrition in Severe Stroke (OPENS) trial will compare a strategy of modified full enteral nutrition (EN) (standard full EN in conjunction with prokinetic drug) and a strategy of permissive underfeeding (40 to 60% of estimated caloric requirements) with standard full EN (advancement to target nutrition goals) in patients with severe stroke.MethodsThe OPENS trial is a multicenter randomized controlled study. A total of 600 adult patients with severe stroke will be enrolled in 12 study sites in China, and randomized to standard full EN, modified full EN, or permissive underfeeding. The primary outcome measurement is the proportion of participants with a poor outcome (modified Rankin Scale ≥3) at day 90 of enrollment. Secondary outcomes include incidence rates of complications during hospitalization, disability at hospital discharge, and the ability of activities of daily living at day 90 of enrollment. The relationship between intervention and the primary outcome will be analyzed using multivariate logistic regression adjusted for study site, demographics, and baseline characteristics.DiscussionThe OPENS trial will explore the optimum initial feeding strategy for acute severe stroke. This trial is, therefore, an important step in bridging the evidence gap surrounding the enteral feeding for patients with severe stroke during the first week of hospitalization.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02982668 ; First Posted: December 5, 2016.
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