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Precise Thermoplastic Processing of Graphene Oxide Layered Solid by Polymer Intercalation.

ABSTRACT: The processing capability is vital for the wide applications of materials to forge structures as-demand. Graphene-based macroscopic materials have shown excellent mechanical and functional properties. However, different from usual polymers and metals, graphene solids exhibit limited deformability and processibility for precise forming. Here, we present a precise thermoplastic forming of graphene materials by polymer intercalation from graphene oxide (GO) precursor. The intercalated polymer enables the thermoplasticity of GO solids by thermally activated motion of polymer chains. We detect a critical minimum containing of intercalated polymer that can expand the interlayer spacing exceeding 1.4 nm to activate thermoplasticity, which becomes the criteria for thermal plastic forming of GO solids. By thermoplastic forming, the flat GO-composite films are forged to Gaussian curved shapes and imprinted to have surface relief patterns with size precision down to 360 nm. The plastic-formed structures maintain the structural integration with outstanding electrical (3.07 × 10⁵ S m^-1) and thermal conductivity (745.65 W m^-1 K^-1) after removal of polymers. The thermoplastic strategy greatly extends the forming capability of GO materials and other layered materials and promises versatile structural designs for more broad applications.

SUBMITTER: Li Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8643290 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Atomically precise semiconductor--graphene and hBN interfaces by Ge intercalation.

Project description:The full exploration of the potential, which graphene offers to nanoelectronics requires its integration into semiconductor technology. So far the real-world applications are limited by the ability to concomitantly achieve large single-crystalline domains on dielectrics and semiconductors and to tailor the interfaces between them. Here we show a new direct bottom-up method for the fabrication of high-quality atomically precise interfaces between 2D materials, like graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), and classical semiconductor via Ge intercalation. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and complementary DFT modelling we observed for the first time that epitaxially grown graphene with the Ge monolayer underneath demonstrates Dirac Fermions unaffected by the substrate as well as an unperturbed electronic band structure of hBN. This approach provides the intrinsic relativistic 2D electron gas towards integration in semiconductor technology. Hence, these new interfaces are a promising path for the integration of graphene and hBN into state-of-the-art semiconductor technology.

| S-EPMC4671056 | biostudies-literature

Metal permeation into multi-layered graphene oxide.

Project description:Understanding the chemical and physical properties of metal/graphene oxide (M/GO) interfaces is important when GO is used in electronic and electrochemical devices because the metal layer must be firmly attached to GO. Here, permeation of metal from the surface into GO paper bulk at the M/GO interface was observed at room temperature for metals such as Cu, Ag, Ni, Au, and Pt. Cu, Ag, and Ni quickly permeated GO as ions into the bulk under humid conditions. At first, these metals changed to hydrated ions as a result of redox reactions (with reduction of GO) at the surface, and then permeated the interlayers. Au and Pt were observed to permeate GO as atoms into the GO bulk at room temperature, although the permeation rates were low. These surprising results are considered to be due to the presence of many defects and/or edges with oxygenated groups in the GO paper.

| S-EPMC3888985 | biostudies-literature

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| S-EPMC6881826 | biostudies-literature

Intercalation of Dyes in Graphene Oxide Thin Films and Membranes.

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| S-EPMC8043058 | biostudies-literature

Bulk Polymer-Derived Ceramic Composites of Graphene Oxide.

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| S-EPMC6641334 | biostudies-literature

High quality reduced graphene oxide through repairing with multi-layered graphene ball nanostructures.

Project description:We present a simple and up-scalable method to produce highly repaired graphene oxide with a large surface area, by introducing spherical multi-layered graphene balls with empty interiors. These graphene balls are prepared via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of Ni particles on the surface of the graphene oxides (GO). Transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy results reveal that defects in the GO surfaces are well repaired during the CVD process, with the help of nickel nanoparticles attached to the functional groups of the GO surface, further resulting in a high electrical conductivity of 18,620 S/m. In addition, the graphene balls on the GO surface effectively prevent restacking of the GO layers, thus providing a large surface area of 527 m(2)/g. Two electrode supercapacitor cells using this highly conductive graphene material demonstrate ideal electrical double layer capacitive behavior, due to the effective use of the outstanding electric conductivity and the large surface area.

| S-EPMC3832876 | biostudies-other

Graphene Oxide/Ferrocene-Containing Polymer/Gold Nanoparticle Triple Nanocomposite.

Project description:A facile strategy to prepare GO-based nanocomposites with both gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and ferrocene (Fc) moieties was developed. The surface of GO was modified with PFcMAss homopolymer by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization of a new methacrylate monomer of 2-((2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl)disulfanyl)ethyl ferrocene-carboxylate (FcMAss), consisting of disulfide as an anchoring group for stabilizing AuNPs and Fc group as an additional functionality. AuNPs with an average diameter of about 4.1 nm were formed in situ on the surface of PFcMAss-decorated GO (GO-PFcMAss) via Brust-Schiffrin method to give GO-PFcMAss-AuNPs multifunctional nanocomposites bearing GO, AuNPs and Fc groups. The obtained nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Since disulfide-containing polymers, rather than the commonly used thiol-containing compounds, were employed as ligands to stabilize AuNPs, much more stabilizing groups were attached onto the surface of GO, and thus more AuNPs were able to be introduced onto the surface of GO. Besides, polymeric chains on the surface of GO endowed GO-PFcMAss-AuNPs nanocomposites with excellent colloidal stability, and the usage of a disulfide group provides possibility to efficiently incorporate additional functionalities by easily modifying structure of disulfide-based monomer.

| S-EPMC6410150 | biostudies-literature

Polymer-Assisted Dispersion of Boron Nitride/Graphene in a Thermoplastic Polyurethane Hybrid for Cooled Smart Clothes.

Project description:The avoidance and mitigation of energy wastage have attracted increasing attention in the context of global warming and climate change. With advances in materials science, diverse multifunctional materials with high thermal conductivity have shown excellent energy-saving potential. In this study, a hybrid film exhibiting high thermal conductivity with excellent stretchability and washability was prepared. First, a simple surface modification of boron nitride (BN) was performed to realize a modified boron nitride (BNOH) filler. Next, an organic dispersant was synthesized to enhance the dispersion of BNOH and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) in the proposed composite. Subsequently, a simple procedure was used to combine the dispersed GNPs and BNOH fillers with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) to fabricate a hybrid structure. The hybrid films composed of BNOH-GNP/TPU with a dispersant exhibited a high thermal conductivity of 12.62 W m-1 K-1 at a low filler loading of 20 wt.%. This hybrid film afforded excellent stretchability and washability, as indicated by the very small thermal-conductivity reduction to only 12.23 W m-1 K-1 after 100 cycles of fatigue testing and to 12.01 W m-1 K-1 after 10 washing cycles. Furthermore, the cooling and hydrophobicity properties of the hybrid film were enhanced when compared with neat TPU. Overall, our approach demonstrates a simple and novel strategy to break the passive effect of traditional commercial cooling clothing by combining a high-thermal-conductivity film with an active cooling source to amplify the cooling effect and develop wearable cooled smart clothes with great commercial potential.

| S-EPMC8567374 | biostudies-literature

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| S-EPMC4433042 | biostudies-literature

Reduced Graphene Oxide/Polymer Monolithic Materials for Selective CO2 Capture.

Project description:Polymer composite materials with hierarchical porous structure have been advancing in many different application fields due to excellent physico-chemical properties. However, their synthesis continues to be a highly energy-demanding and environmentally unfriendly process. This work reports a unique water based synthesis of monolithic 3D reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite structures reinforced with poly(methyl methacrylate) polymer nanoparticles functionalized with epoxy functional groups. The method is based on reduction-induced self-assembly process performed at mild conditions. The textural properties and the surface chemistry of the monoliths were varied by changing the reaction conditions and quantity of added polymer to the structure. Moreover, the incorporation of the polymer into the structures improves the solvent resistance of the composites due to the formation of crosslinks between the polymer and the rGO. The monolithic composites were evaluated for selective capture of CO2. A balance between the specific surface area and the level of functionalization was found to be critical for obtaining high CO2 capacity and CO2/N2 selectivity. The polymer quantity affects the textural properties, thus lowering its amount the specific surface area and the amount of functional groups are higher. This affects positively the capacity for CO2 capture, thus, the maximum achieved was in the range 3.56-3.85 mmol/g at 1 atm and 25 °C.

| S-EPMC7240369 | biostudies-literature

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