Dataset Information

Expanding the purview of wellness indicators: validating a new measure that includes attitudes, behaviors, and perspectives.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

The present study validated the DeltaQuest Wellness Measure (DQ Wellness), a new 15-item measure of wellness that spans relevant attitudes, behaviors, and perspectives.

Design

This cross-sectional web-based study recruited chronically-ill patients and/or caregivers (n = 3,961) and a nationally representative comparison group (n = 855).

Main outcome measures

The DQ Wellness assesses: a way of being in the world that involves seeing and embracing the good and expressing kindness toward others; engagement in one's activities and self-care; downplaying negative thoughts that reduce one's energy; and an ability to feel joy. Six widely used measures of physical and mental health, cognition, and psychological well-being enabled construct-validity comparisons. Item-response theory (IRT) methods evaluated reliability, factor structure, and differential item functioning (DIF) by gender.

Results

The DQ Wellness showed strong cross-sectional reliability (marginal reliability = 0.89) and fit a bifactor model (RMSEA = 0.063, CFI = 0.982, TLI = 0.983). The DQ Wellness general score demonstrated construct validity, convergent and divergent validity, unique variance, and known-groups validity, and minimal gender DIF. The study is limited to addressing cross-sectional reliability and validity, and response rates are not known due to the recruitment source.

Conclusion

The DQ Wellness is a relatively brief measure, taps novel content, and could be useful for observational or interventional studies.

SUBMITTER: Schwartz CE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8648008 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:PurposeOff-label medications have been challenging in healthcare systems, and their significance is emphasized throughout pandemics. The study was designed to develop an ethics guideline for prescribing off-label medications and also aimed to develop a valid instrument for evaluating physicians' and clinical pharmacists' knowledge and attitudes regarding off-label medication use.MethodsIn 2021, the two-phase study was done. A gap analysis study and a review of relevant guidelines and peer-reviewed papers were conducted in the first phase. There were three hybrid expert panel discussions with nine specialists until a consensus was reached. In the second phase, a questionnaire was developed to assess physicians' and pharmacists' knowledge and attitudes toward off-label prescribing medications. An expert panel of nine ethicists, physicians, and pharmacists determined the face and content validity. To evaluate the reliability and construct validity of the instrument, 201 physicians and clinical pharmacists participated.ResultsThis guideline provides 24 recommendations classified into seven themes to assist clinicians, pharmacists, and policymakers in managing off-label medication use. The preliminary questionnaire contained 72 items. Items were removed if their I-CVI and CVR were less than 0.79 and 0.78, respectively. The S-CVI/Average ratio was 0.937. The Cronbach α was 0.848. Ten factors were identified through exploratory factor analysis. These ten factors comprised 64.652% of the variance. There was no significant difference between general physicians, specialist physicians, and clinical pharmacists in one-way ANOVA [F = 0.584, P = 0.559].ConclusionWe developed an ethical guideline for off-label medication use that can integrate ethical principles into related practice. Moreover, our valid and reliable questionnaire can evaluate the ethical adherence of physicians and pharmacists to scientific and ethical challenges of off-label medications in the country, especially during pandemics.Supplementary informationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01288-0.