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Effect of Low Versus High-Heeled Footwear on Spinopelvic Alignment at Different Phases of Menstrual Cycle in Young Adult Women: A Biopsychosocial Perspective.

ABSTRACT: High-heeled shoes adversely affect spinal curvature, increase the risk of low back pain, and disturb the normal gait pattern. The purpose of this study was to examine, from a biopsychosocial point of view, the combined effect of wearing two different heel heights and of hormonal oscillation throughout different phases of the menstrual cycle on spinopelvic alignment. Notably, 70 females with an average age of 20.42 ± 1.51 years participated in this study, wearing each female two different heel heights as follows: low (2.5 cm) and high (7 cm). Spinopelvic alignment was evaluated by rasterstereography formetric 3D analysis during early follicular, ovulatory, and mid-luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) on spinopelvic alignment [kyphotic angle (KA), trunk inclination (TI), and pelvic inclination] between wearing low- or high-heeled shoes during early follicular, ovulatory, and mid-luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Considering that high-heeled shoes are traditionally associated with femininity, body image, beauty, and charm, this research has important biopsychosocial implications that should be explored in detail in future studies.

SUBMITTER: El-Shafei MA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8651554 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:To develop and apply a semiautomatic method of segmenting fibroglandular tissue to quantify magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contrast material-enhancement kinetics of breast background parenchyma (BP) and lesions throughout the phases of the menstrual cycle in women with benign and malignant lesions.The institutional review board approved this retrospective HIPAA-compliant study, and informed consent was waived. From December 2008 to August 2011, 58 premenopausal women who had undergone contrast material-enhanced MR imaging and MR imaging-guided biopsy were identified. The longest time from the start of the last known period was 34 days. One lesion per patient (37 benign and 21 malignant) was analyzed. The patient groups were stratified according to the week of the menstrual cycle when MR imaging was performed. A method based on principal component analysis (PCA) was applied for quantitative analysis of signal enhancement in the BP and lesions by using the percentage of slope and percentage of enhancement. Linear regression and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to assess the association between the kinetic parameters and the week of the menstrual cycle.In the women with benign lesions, percentages of slope and enhancement for both BP and lesions during week 2 were significantly (P < .05) lower than those in week 4. Percentage of enhancement in the lesion in week 2 was lower than that in week 3 (P < .05). The MR images of women with malignant lesions showed no significant difference between the weeks for any of the parameters. There was a strong positive correlation between lesion and BP percentage of slope (r = 0.72) and between lesion and BP percentage of enhancement (r = 0.67) in the benign group. There was also a significant (P = .03) difference in lesion percentage of slope between the benign and malignant groups at week 2.The PCA-based method can quantify contrast enhancement kinetics of BP semiautomatically, and kinetics of BP and lesions vary according to the week of the menstrual cycle in benign but not in malignant lesions.

Dataset Information

Effect of Low Versus High-Heeled Footwear on Spinopelvic Alignment at Different Phases of Menstrual Cycle in Young Adult Women: A Biopsychosocial Perspective.

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