Non-contact infrared assessment of human body temperature: The journal Temperature toolbox.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Foster J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8654479 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Skin temperature assessments comprise conductive and contact-free techniques. Comparison between conductive data loggers and contact-free thermometry after the application of revulsive products is scarce. This study aimed to compare iButton data loggers with an infrared thermometer after the application of two revulsive products. Secondly, the relation between skin temperature kinetics with skin's perfusion of microcirculation was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Healthy females (n = 25) were randomly allocated to two groups, representing the products A and B. Skin temperature was measured with "iButtons" and an infrared pistol at baseline and up to 1 hour after application. Skin's perfusion of microcirculation was monitored with a laser speckle contrast imager. RESULTS:Baseline "iButton" temperature values were significantly lower compared with infrared pistol values in both groups. After application of the products, skin temperature decreased as recorded with both devices followed by an increase to baseline values when measured with the pistol. The results obtained by the "iButtons" reached values above baseline in both products towards the end of the follow-up period. A moderate correlation was found between infrared pistol and "iButton" system in product A, with a weak negative correlation between skin's perfusion of microcirculation and temperature devices. For product B, the correlation between the devices was moderate and between skin's perfusion and temperature devices weak and positive. CONCLUSION:Both devices produced similar kinetics, except at baseline, where they may differ as metallic loggers have been insufficiently adapted to skin temperature. Skin's perfusion of microcirculation could not explain skin temperature changes.
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Project description:Pupillary responses are associated with affective processing, cognitive function, perception, memory, attention, and other brain activities involving neural pathways. The present study aimed to develop a noncontact system to measure brain activity based on pupillary rhythms using an infra-red web camera. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals and pupil imaging of 70 undergraduate volunteers (35 female, 35 male) were measured in response to sound stimuli designed to evoke arousal, relaxation, happiness, sadness, or neutral responses. This study successfully developed a real-time system that could detect an EEG spectral index (relative power: low beta in FP1; mid beta in FP1; SMR in FP1; beta in F3; high beta in F8; gamma P4; mu in C4) from pupillary rhythms using the synchronization phenomenon in harmonic frequency (1/100 f) between the pupil and brain oscillations. This method was effective in measuring and evaluating brain activity using a simple, low-cost, noncontact system, and may be an alternative to previous methods used to evaluate brain activity.
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Project description:BackgroundHuman obesity is associated with increased heat production; however, subcutaneous adipose tissue provides an insulating layer that impedes heat loss. To maintain normothermia, therefore, obese individuals must increase their heat dissipation.ObjectiveThe objective was to test the hypothesis that temperature in a heat-dissipating region of the hand is elevated in obese adults.DesignObese [body mass index (in kg/m(2)) > or = 30] and normal-weight (NW; body mass index = 18-25) adults were studied under thermoneutral conditions at rest. Core body temperature was measured by using ingested telemetric capsules. The temperatures of the third fingernail bed of the right hand and of abdominal skin from an area 1.5 cm inferior to the umbilicus were determined by using infrared thermography. Abdominal skin temperatures were also measured via adhesive thermistors that were placed over a prominent skin-surface blood vessel and over an adjacent nonvessel location. The groups were compared by analysis of covariance with age, sex, race, and room temperature as covariates.ResultsCore temperature did not differ significantly between the 23 obese and 13 NW participants (P = 0.74). However, infrared thermography-measured fingernail-bed temperature was significantly higher in obese subjects than in NW subjects (33.9 +/- 0.7 degrees C compared with 28.6 +/- 0.9 degrees C; P < 0.001). Conversely, infrared thermography-measured abdominal skin temperature was significantly lower in obese subjects than in NW subjects (31.8 +/- 0.2 degrees C compared with 32.8 +/- 0.3 degrees C; P = 0.02). Nonvessel abdominal skin temperatures measured by thermistors were also lower in obese subjects (P = 0.04).ConclusionsGreater subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue in obese adults may provide a significant insulating layer that blunts abdominal heat transfer. Augmented heat release from the hands may offset heat retention in areas of the body with greater adiposity, thereby helping to maintain normothermia in obesity. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00266500.
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