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Heavy Metal in Rice and Vegetable and Human Exposure near a Large Pb/Zn Smelter in Central China.

ABSTRACT: Non-ferrous metal smelting is a significant source of anthropogenic heavy metal emission and has led to severe environmental pollution that ultimately threatens the health of local residents. In this study, we determined concentrations of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), as well as Pb isotopic compositions in rice, vegetables and human hair in areas surrounding the Zhuzhou Pb/Zn smelter in Hunan, China and we assessed the health risks associated with rice and vegetable consumption for local residents. Results showed that rice and vegetable samples were significantly contaminated by Cd and Pb. Age and source of rice were important factors for the enrichment of heavy metal concentrations in human hair. The ratios of Pb isotopes in human hair (1.164-1.170 for ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb and 2.102-2.110 for²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁶Pb) were comparable to those in rice (1.162-1.172 for ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb and 2.098-2.114 for²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁶Pb) and were slightly lower than those in vegetables (1.168-1.172 for ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb and 2.109-2.111 for²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁶Pb), indicating that Pb in human hair mainly originated from food ingestion. A non-carcinogenic risk assessment showed that Cd exposure was the dominant health risk for local residents. This study suggested that crops planted surrounding the smelter were seriously contaminated with Cd and human exposure was related to dietary intake.

SUBMITTER: Hu Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8657013 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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