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Tailoring Silicon Nitride Surface Chemistry for Facilitating Odontogenic Differentiation of Rat Dental Pulp Cells.

ABSTRACT: Silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) can facilitate bone formation; hence, it is used as a biomaterial in orthopedics. Nevertheless, its usability for dentistry is unexplored. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Si₃N₄ granules for the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of rat dental pulp cells (rDPCs). Four different types of Si₃N₄ granules were prepared, which underwent different treatments to form pristine as-synthesized Si₃N₄, chemically treated Si₃N₄, thermally treated Si₃N₄, and Si₃N₄ sintered with 3 wt.% yttrium oxide (Y₂O₃). rDPCs were cultured on or around the Si₃N₄ granular beds. Compared with the other three types of Si₃N₄ granules, the sintered Si₃N₄ granules significantly promoted cellular attachment, upregulated the expression of odontogenic marker genes (Dentin Matrix Acidic Phosphoprotein 1 and Dentin Sialophosphoprotein) in the early phase, and enhanced the formation of mineralization nodules. Furthermore, the water contact angle of sintered Si₃N₄ was also greatly increased to 40°. These results suggest that the sintering process for Si₃N₄ with Y₂O₃ positively altered the surface properties of pristine as-synthesized Si₃N₄ granules, thereby facilitating the odontogenic differentiation of rDPCs. Thus, the introduction of a sintering treatment for Si₃N₄ granules is likely to facilitate their use in the clinical application of dentistry.

SUBMITTER: Gong Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8658470 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:IntroductionOdontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) is a key step of pulp regeneration. Recent studies showed that circular RNAs (circRNAs) have many biological functions and that competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) is their most common mechanism of action. However, the role of circRNAs in hDPSCs during odontogenesis is still unclear.MethodsIsolated hDPSCs were cultured in essential and odontogenic medium. Total RNA was extracted after 14 days of culture, and then, microarray analysis was performed to measure the differential expressions of circRNAs. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was then performed to validate the microarray results. Based on microarray data from this study and available in the database, a ceRNA network was constructed to investigate the potential function of circRNAs during odontogenesis. In addition, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to investigate the potential correlation between signaling pathways and circRNAs. In addition, qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used to explore the function of hsa_circRNA_104101.ResultsWe found 43 upregulated circRNAs and 144 downregulated circRNAs during the odontogenic differentiation process (fold change > 1.5 and <-1.5, respectively; P < 0.05). qRT-PCR results were in agreement with the microarray results. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the Wnt signaling pathway and the TGF-β signaling pathway, as well as the other pathways associated with odontogenic differentiation, were correlated to the differentially expressed circRNAs. hsa_circRNA_104101 was proved to promote the odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs.ConclusionThis study reported 187 circRNAs that were differentially expressed in hDPSCs during odontogenic differentiation. Bioinformatic analysis of the expression data suggested that circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks might act as a crucial mechanism for hDPSC odontogenic differentiation, providing a theoretical foundation for the study of pulp regeneration regulation by circRNAs.

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Tailoring Silicon Nitride Surface Chemistry for Facilitating Odontogenic Differentiation of Rat Dental Pulp Cells.

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