Dataset Information

Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccine for Preventing Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Hospitalizations in Immunocompromised Adults.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Yearly influenza immunization is recommended for immunocompromised (IC) individuals, although immune responses are lower than that for the nonimmunocompromised and the data on vaccine effectiveness (VE) in the IC is scarce. We evaluated VE against influenza-associated hospitalization among IC adults.

Methods

We analyzed data from adults ≥ 18 years hospitalized with acute respiratory illness (ARI) during the 2017-2018 influenza season at 10 hospitals in the United States. IC adults were identified using prespecified case definitions using electronic medical record data. VE was evaluated with a test-negative case-control design using multivariable logistic regression with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza as the outcome and vaccination status as the exposure, adjusting for age, enrolling site, illness onset date, race, days from onset to specimen collection, self-reported health, and self-reported hospitalizations.

Results

Of 3524 adults hospitalized with ARI, 1210 (34.3%) had an immunocompromising condition. IC adults were more likely to be vaccinated than non-IC (69.5% vs 65.2%) and less likely to have influenza (22% vs 27.8%). The mean age did not differ among IC and non-IC (61.4 vs 60.8 years of age). The overall VE against influenza hospitalization, including immunocompetent adults, was 33% (95% confidence interval [CI], 21-44). VE among IC vs non-IC adults was lower at 5% (95% CI, -29% to 31%) vs 41% (95% CI, 27-52) (P < .05 for interaction term).

Conclusions

VE in 1 influenza season was very low among IC individuals. Future efforts should include evaluation of VE among the different immunocompromising conditions and whether enhanced vaccines improve the suboptimal effectiveness among the immunocompromised.

SUBMITTER: Hughes K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8664442 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccine for Preventing Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Hospitalizations in Immunocompromised Adults.

Hughes Kailey K Middleton Donald B DB Nowalk Mary Patricia MP Balasubramani Goundappa K GK Martin Emily T ET Gaglani Manjusha M Talbot H Keipp HK Patel Manish M MM Ferdinands Jill M JM Zimmerman Richard K RK Silveira Fernanda P FP

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 20211201 11

<h4>Background</h4>Yearly influenza immunization is recommended for immunocompromised (IC) individuals, although immune responses are lower than that for the nonimmunocompromised and the data on vaccine effectiveness (VE) in the IC is scarce. We evaluated VE against influenza-associated hospitalization among IC adults.<h4>Methods</h4>We analyzed data from adults ≥ 18 years hospitalized with acute respiratory illness (ARI) during the 2017-2018 influenza season at 10 hospitals in the United States ...[more]

PMID: 33388741

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Project description:BackgroundDespite widespread utilization of influenza vaccines, effectiveness (VE) has not been routinely measured in Latin America.MethodsWe used a case test-negative control design to estimate trivalent inactivated influenza VE against laboratory-confirmed influenza among hospitalized children aged 6months-5years and adults aged ≥60years which are age-groups targeted for vaccination. We sought persons with severe acute respiratory infections (SARI), hospitalized at 71 sentinel hospitals in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, Panama, and Paraguay during January-December 2013. Cases had an influenza virus infection confirmed by real-time reverse transcription PCR (rRT-PCR); controls had a negative rRT-PCR result for influenza viruses. We used a two-stage random effects model to estimate pooled VE per target age-group, adjusting for the month of illness onset, age and preexisting medical conditions.ResultsWe identified 2620 SARI patients across sites: 246 influenza cases and 720 influenza-negative controls aged ≤5years and 448 cases and 1206 controls aged ≥60years. The most commonly identified subtype among participants (48%) was the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus followed by influenza A(H3N2) (34%) and influenza B (18%) viruses. Among children, the adjusted VE of full vaccination (one dose for previously vaccinated or two if vaccine naïve) against any influenza virus SARI was 47% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14-71%); VE was 58% (95% CI: 16-79%) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, and 65% (95% CI: -9; 89%) against influenza A(H3N2) viruses associated SARI. Crude VE of full vaccination against influenza B viruses associated SARI among children was 3% (95% CI: -150; 63). Among adults aged ≥60years, adjusted VE against any influenza SARI was 48% (95% CI: 34-60%); VE was 54% (95% CI: 37-69%) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, 43% (95% CI: 18-61%) against influenza A(H3N2) and 34% (95% CI: -4; 58%) against B viruses associated SARI.ConclusionInfluenza vaccine provided moderate protection against severe influenza illness among fully vaccinated young children and older adults, supporting current vaccination strategies.

Dataset Information

Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccine for Preventing Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Hospitalizations in Immunocompromised Adults.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccine for Preventing Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Hospitalizations in Immunocompromised Adults.

Similar Datasets

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