Antipsychotics for agitation and psychosis in people with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Muhlbauer V
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8678509 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Antipsychotics for agitation and psychosis in people with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.
Mühlbauer Viktoria V Möhler Ralph R Dichter Martin N MN Zuidema Sytse U SU Köpke Sascha S Luijendijk Hendrika J HJ
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 20211217
<h4>Background</h4>Typical and atypical antipsychotics are widely used to treat agitation and psychosis in dementia. However, whether or not they are beneficial is uncertain. Some trials have yielded negative results and effectiveness may be outweighed by harms.<h4>Objectives</h4>To assess the efficacy and safety of antipsychotics for the treatment of agitation and psychosis in people with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.<h4>Search methods</h4>We searched ALOIS, the Cochrane Dementia a ...[more]
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2024-04-17 | GSE218605 | GEO
Project description:IntroductionWe evaluated the efficacy and safety of brexpiprazole for the treatment of agitation in Alzheimer's dementia (AAD) in Japanese patients.MethodsThis was a phase 2/3 multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. Patients with AAD were randomized to receive brexpiprazole 1 mg/day or 2 mg/day, or placebo (3:4:4) for 10 weeks.ResultsFor the primary endpoint (change in Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory [CMAI] total score from baseline to Week 10), both brexpiprazole 1 mg and 2 mg groups demonstrated statistically significant improvement versus placebo (2 mg: least squares [LS] mean difference -7.2 [95% confidence interval (CI): -10.0 to -4.3], p-value < 0.0001, 1 mg: LS mean difference -3.7 [95% CI: -6.8 to -0.7], p-value = 0.0175). The incidences of treatment-emergent adverse events reported in the brexpiprazole 1 mg, 2 mg, and placebo groups were 76.8%, 84.6%, and 73.8%, respectively.DiscussionBrexpiprazole 1 mg/day and 2 mg/day for 10 weeks was efficacious and well tolerated.HighlightsBrexpiprazole treatment for 10 weeks improved agitation in Alzheimer's dementia. The efficacy of brexpiprazole 1 mg/day has been confirmed for the first time. The incidence of adverse events was higher compared to the previous studies. Both brexpiprazole 1 mg/day and 2 mg/day were generally well tolerated.
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Project description:BackgroundDementia often results in postural control impairment, which could signify central nervous system dysfunction. However, no studies have compared postural control characteristics among various types of dementia. This study aimed to compare static postural control in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and vascular dementia (VaD).MethodsCross-sectional relationship between the clinical diagnoses (AD, DLB, VaD, or normal cognition [NC]) of outpatients at a memory clinic and their upright postural control characteristics were examined. In the postural control test, participants were instructed to maintain a static upright standing on a stabilometer for 60 seconds under the eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions. Forty postural control parameters, including distance, position, and velocity in the anterior-posterior and medio-lateral directions, derived from the trajectory of the center of mass sway, were calculated. The characteristics of each type of dementia were compared to those of NC, and the differences among the 3 types of dementia were evaluated using linear regression models.ResultsThe study included 1 789 participants (1 206 with AD, 111 with DLB, 49 with VaD, and 423 with NC). Patients with AD exhibited distinct postural control characteristics, particularly in some distance and velocity parameters, only in the eyes-closed condition. Those with DLB exhibited features in the mean position in the anterior-posterior direction. In patients with VaD, significant differences were observed in most parameters, except the power spectrum.ConclusionsPatients with AD, DLB, and VaD display disease-specific postural control characteristics when compared to cognitively normal individuals.
| S-EPMC10949438 | biostudies-literature