Dataset Information

Physiological of biochar and α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles as amendments of Cd accumulation and toxicity toward muskmelon grown in pots.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Due to the severe cadmium (Cd) pollution of farmland soil, effective measures need to be taken to reduce the Cd content in agricultural products. In this study, we added α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles (NPs) and biochar into Cd-contaminated soil to investigate physiological responses of muskmelon in the whole life cycle.

Results

The results showed that Cd caused adverse impacts on muskmelon (Cucumis melo) plants. For instance, the chlorophyll of muskmelon leaves in the Cd alone treatment was reduced by 8.07-32.34% in the four periods, relative to the control. The treatments with single amendment, α-Fe₂O₃ NPs or 1% biochar or 5% biochar, significantly reduced the soil available Cd content, but the co-exposure treatments (α-Fe₂O₃ NPs and biochar) had no impact on the soil available Cd content. All treatments could reduce the Cd content by 47.64-74.60% and increase the Fe content by 15.15-95.27% in fruits as compared to the Cd alone treatment. The KEGG enrichment results of different genes in different treatments indicated that single treatments could regulate genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism and MAPK signal transduction pathways to reduce the Cd toxicity.

Conclusions

Overall the combination of biochar and α-Fe₂O₃ NPs can alleviate Cd toxicity in muskmelon. The present study could provide new insights into Cd remediation in soil using α-Fe₂O₃ NPs and biochar as amendments.

SUBMITTER: Wang Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8690976 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:In the current context, there is a growing interest in reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides to promote ecological agriculture. The use of biochar and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is an environmentally friendly alternative that can improve soil conditions and increase ecosystem productivity. However, the effects of biochar and PGPR amendments on forest plantations are not well known. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of biochar and PGPR applications on soil nutrients and bacterial community. To achieve this goal, we applied amendments of (i) biochar at 20 t hm-2, (ii) PGPR at 5 × 1010 CFU mL-1, and (iii) biochar at 20 t hm-2 + PGPR at 5 × 1010 CFU mL-1 in a eucalyptus seedling plantation in Guangxi, China. Three months after applying the amendments, we collected six soil samples from each treatment and from control plots. From each soil sample, we analyzed several physicochemical properties (pH, electrical conductivity, total N, inorganic N, NO3--N, NH4+-N, total P, total K, and soil water content), and we determined the bacterial community composition by sequencing the ribosomal 16S rRNA. Results indicated that co-application of biochar and PGPR amendments significantly decreased concentrations of soil total P and NH4+-N, whereas they increased NO3-N, total K, and soil water content. Biochar and PGPR treatments increased the richness and diversity of soil bacteria and the relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa such as Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Cyanobacteria. In general, the microbial composition was similar in the two treatments with PGPR. We also found that soil physicochemical properties had no significant influence on the soil composition of bacterial phyla, but soil NH4+-N was significantly related to the soil community composition of dominant bacterial genus. Thus, our findings suggest that biochar and PGPR amendments could be useful to maintain soil sustainability in eucalyptus plantations.

Project description:BackgroundBiochar amendments have been widely proposed as a conventional and efficient strategy to promote soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration via negative priming. Unfortunately, the extent and biological mechanisms responsible for biochar-induced negative priming are still not fully understood. Despite traditional explanations focused on the environmental filtering mechanisms of biochar amendments on microbial biomass and community composition underlying the priming effect on SOC dynamics, whether and how a biochar-induced competitive interaction with keystone taxa determines SOC mineralization in natural ecosystems has been minimally explored.ResultsHere, we paid particular attention to the relationships between the diversity and network structure of soil bacterial and fungal communities and SOC mineralization. A 3-year field experiment was conducted comprising five treatments: no fertilization, conventional fertilization, and conventional fertilization with three rates of biochar amendments. Biochar amendments considerably increased soil moisture capacity and pH and subsequently shaped the composition and co-occurrence networks of soil bacterial and fungal communities. Importantly, network analysis revealed that the biochar amendments triggered the competitive interaction with putative keystone taxa in the bacterial and fungal networks. Structural equation modeling suggested that the competitive interaction with keystone taxa promoted bacterial and fungal diversity and consequently reduced carbohydrate catabolism and soil metabolic quotient. Stable isotope probing incubations further provided consistent evidence of competition by keystone taxa with the increases in bacterial and fungal diversity under the biochar amendments.ConclusionsWe found that biochar-induced competition with keystone taxa stimulated the bacterial and fungal diversity and consequently decreased SOC mineralization. The comprehensive understanding of the unexplored biological mechanisms underlying the biochar-induced negative priming may provide crucial implications for enabling SOC sequestration.

Dataset Information

Physiological of biochar and α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles as amendments of Cd accumulation and toxicity toward muskmelon grown in pots.

Background

Results

Conclusions

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Physiological of biochar and α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles as amendments of Cd accumulation and toxicity toward muskmelon grown in pots.

Background

Results

Conclusions

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OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

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Physiological of biochar and α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles as amendments of Cd accumulation and toxicity toward muskmelon grown in pots.