Project description:Background/objectivesEndoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting (Endo-CABG) is a minimally invasive CABG procedure with retrograde arterial perfusion. The main objective of this study is to assess neurocognitive outcome after Endo-CABG.Methods/designIn this prospective observational cohort study, patients were categorised into: Endo-CABG (n = 60), a comparative Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) group (n = 60) and a healthy volunteer group (n = 60). A clinical neurological examination was performed both pre- and postoperatively, delirium was assessed postoperatively. A battery of 6 neurocognitive tests, Quality of life (QoL) and the level of depressive feelings were measured at baseline and after 3 months. Patient Satisfaction after Endo-CABG was assessed at 3-month follow-up. Primary endpoints were incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), stroke and delirium after Endo-CABG. Secondary endpoints were QOL, patient satisfaction and the incidence of depressive feelings after Endo-CABG.ResultsIn total, 1 patient after Endo-CABG (1.72%) and 1 patient after PCI (1.67%) suffered from stroke during the 3-month follow-up. POCD in a patient is defined as a Reliable Change Index ?-1.645 or Z-score ?-1.645 in at least two tests, and was found in respectively 5 and 6 patients 3 months after Endo-CABG and PCI. Total incidence of POCD/stroke was not different (PCI: n= 7 [15.9%]; Endo-CABG: n= 6 [13.0%], p = 0.732). ICU delirium after Endo-CABG was found in 5 (8.6%) patients. QoL increased significantly three months after Endo-CABG and was comparable with QoL level after PCI and in the control group. Patient satisfaction after Endo-CABG and PCI was comparable. At follow-up, the level of depressive feelings was decreased in all groups.ConclusionsThe incidence of poor neurocognitive outcome, including stroke, POCD and postoperative ICU delirium until three months after Endo-CABG is low and comparable with PCI.Trial registrationRegistered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02979782).
Project description:Minimally invasive cardiac surgery is establishing itself as the standard of care across the world. MICS CABG is currently performed in only a few centers. Hemodynamics disturbances are peculiar during MICS CABG due to space constraints. We report a 70-year-old man who underwent MICS CABG who developed tension pneumothorax during revascularization that was diagnosed in a novel way.
Project description:Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (miniCABG) decreases in-hospital morbidity versus traditional sternotomy CABG. We performed a prospective cohort study (NCT00481806) to assess the impact of miniCABG on costs and metrics that influence quality of life after hospital discharge.One hundred consecutive miniCABG cases performed using internal mammary artery (IMA) grafting +/- coronary stenting were compared with a matched group of 100 sternotomy CABG patients using IMA and saphenous veins, both treating equivalent number of target coronaries (2.7 vs. 2.9), off-pump. We compared perioperative costs, time to return to work/normal activity, and risk of major adverse cardiac/cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 1 year: myocardial infarction (elevated troponin or EKG changes), target vessel occlusion (CT angiography at 1 year), stroke, or death.For miniCABG, robotic instruments and stents increased intraoperative costs; postoperative costs were decreased from significantly less intubation time (4.80 +/- 6.35 vs. 12.24 +/- 6.24 hours), hospital stay (3.77 +/- 1.51 vs. 6.38 +/- 2.23 days), and transfusion (0.16 +/- 0.37 vs. 1.37 +/- 1.35 U) leading to no significant differences in total costs. Undergoing miniCABG independently predicted earlier return to work after adjusting for confounders (t = -2.15; P = 0.04), whereas sternotomy CABG increased MACCE (HR, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.4-7.6), largely from lower target-vessel patency.MiniCABG shortens patient recovery time, minimizes MACCE risk at 1 year, and showed superior quality and outcome metrics versus standard-of-care CABG. These findings occurred without increasing costs and with superior target vessel graft patency.
Project description:Study Design:Narrative review. Objectives:Robotic systems in spinal surgery may offer potential benefits for both patients and surgeons. In this article, the authors explore the future prospects and current limitations of robotic systems in minimally invasive spine surgery. Methods:We describe recent developments in robotic spine surgery and minimally invasive spine surgery. Institutional review board approval was not needed. Results:Although robotic application in spine surgery has been gradual, the past decade has seen the arrival of several novel robotic systems for spinal procedures, suggesting the evolution of technology capable of augmenting surgical ability. Conclusion:Spine surgery is well positioned to benefit from robotic assistance and automation. Paired with enhanced navigation technologies, robotic systems have tremendous potential to supplement the skills of spine surgeons, improving patient safety and outcomes while limiting complications and costs.
Project description:Thymoma, the most common neoplasm of the anterior mediastinum, is a rare tumor of thymic epithelium that can be locally invasive. We reported 2 cases of invasive thymoma incidentally found during routine coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery at Faghihee Hospital of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences of Iran in a period of about 6 months. The 2 patients were male and above 60 years old. They had no clinical symptoms and radiological evidence of mediastinal mass before detection of the tumor during operation. For both patients mass was completely excised and sent to the laboratory. The ultimate pathological diagnosis of both masses was invasive thymoma (stage 2). There are few reports in which thymomas were found incidentally during cardiac surgery. In spite of rare coincidence, due to being asymptomatic and possibly invasive, special attention to thymus gland during cardiac surgery or other mediastinal surgery and preoperative imaging studies seem to be reasonable approach.
Project description:To compare the outcomes between minimally invasive coronary artery bypass (MINI-CAB) and drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation for isolated left anterior descending artery disease.Randomized and observational comparative publications were identified using MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases (January 2003 to December 2013). Studies without outcomes data, without DES use, or using conventional bypass surgery were excluded. The outcomes of interest were cardiac death, myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, and periprocedural stroke. Data were compared using the Mantel-Haenszel methods and are presented as odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and number needed to treat.From 230 publications, we identified 4 studies (2 randomized and 2 observational) with 941 patients (478 had undergone MINI-CAB and 463 DES implantation). The incidence of target vessel revascularization at maximum follow-up (range, 6-60 months) was significantly lower in the MINI-CAB group (OR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.08-0.30; P<.0001; number needed to treat, 13). The incidence of cardiac mortality and MI was similar between the MINI-CAB and DES groups during follow-up (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.44-2.47; and OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.43-1.58, respectively). In addition, a similar incidence of periprocedural death (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.21-3.47; P=.82), myocardial infarction (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.38-2.58; P=.97), and stroke (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.28-6.70; P=.70) was observed between the 2 treatment modalities.Given the available evidence, MINI-CAB will result in lower target vessel revascularization rates but otherwise similar clinical outcomes compared with DESs in patients with left anterior descending artery disease.
Project description:In this placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial, we tested whether remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) elicited by four 5-minute cycles of 300 mmHg of cuff inflation/deflation of the lower limb would reduce myocardial necrosis in isoflurane-anesthetized patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Secondary outcomes were the perioperative release of the biomarkers NTproBNP, hsCRP, S100, atrial transcriptional profiles, and short- and long-term clinical outcomes. RIPC with concomitantly applied isoflurane did not affect the release of biomarkers or clinical outcome. NTproBNP release correlated with isoflurane- but not RIPC-induced transcriptional changes. For eleven randomly selected patients from each group (RIPC/CTL=no RIPC) two atrial samples were collected, one at the time of cannulation (T1) and one fifteen min after releasing the cross clamp (T2). The samples were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and later used for RNA isolation and subsequent microarray hybridization. Gene-level analysis was performed. the results of exon-level analysis will be published separately (only preliminary results available so far).
Project description:Minimally invasive coronary revascularization techniques aim to avoid median sternotomy with its associated complications, while facilitating recovery and maintaining the benefits of surgical revascularization. The 3 most common procedures are minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting, totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass, and hybrid coronary revascularization. For a variety of reasons, including cost and technical difficulty, not many centers are routinely performing minimally invasive coronary revascularization. Nevertheless, many studies have assessed the safety and efficacy of each of these procedures in different clinical contexts. Thus far results have been promising, and with the evolution of procedural techniques, these approaches have the potential to redefine coronary revascularization in the future. This review highlights the current state of minimally invasive coronary revascularization techniques by exploring their benefits, identifying barriers to their adoption, and discussing future potential paradigms.
Project description:In this placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial, we tested whether remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) elicited by four 5-minute cycles of 300 mmHg of cuff inflation/deflation of the lower limb would reduce myocardial necrosis in isoflurane-anesthetized patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Secondary outcomes were the perioperative release of the biomarkers NTproBNP, hsCRP, S100, atrial transcriptional profiles, and short- and long-term clinical outcomes. RIPC with concomitantly applied isoflurane did not affect the release of biomarkers or clinical outcome. NTproBNP release correlated with isoflurane- but not RIPC-induced transcriptional changes.
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE12485: Changes in cardiac transcription profiles following off-pump coronary revascularization surgery GSE12486: Changes in cardiac transcription profiles following on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting Refer to individual Series