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Exposure to Dibutyl Phthalate and Reproductive-Related Outcomes in Animal Models: Evidence From Rodents Study.

ABSTRACT: Background: Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was an endocrine disruptor, which may lead to cancer and affects reproductive function when accumulated in the body. But the precise role of DBP in the reproductive system remained controversial. Objective: We employed the meta-analysis to explore the relationship between DBP and reproductive-related outcomes. Methods: We searched relevant literature in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases. The standardized mean differences (SMDs) and their 95% CIs were measured by random-effects models. Funnel plots and Egger's regression test were applied to assess publication bias. Results: Finally, 19 literatures were included in this research. The outcomes revealed that DBP was negatively correlated with reproductive organs weight (testis weight: SMD: -0.59; 95% Cl: -1.23, -0.23; seminal vesicles weight: SMD: -0.74; 95% Cl: -1.21, -0.27; prostate weight: SMD: -0.46; 95% Cl: -0.76, -0.16) and sperm parameters (sperm morphology: SMD: 1.29; 95% Cl: 0.63, 1.94; sperm count: SMD: -1.81; 95% Cl: -2.39, -1.23; sperm motility: SMD: -1.92; 95% Cl: -2.62, -1.23). Conclusion: Our research demonstrated that DBP may be negatively associated with reproductive-related indicators, especially at Gestation exposure period and middle dose (100-500 mg/kg/day).

SUBMITTER: Wang J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8692859 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:ObjectiveWe performed a systematic review of the epidemiology literature to identify the male reproductive effects associated with phthalate exposure.Data sources and study eligibility criteriaSix phthalates were included in the review: di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), diisononyl phthalate (DINP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), and diethyl phthalate (DEP). The initial literature search (of PubMed, Web of Science, and Toxline) included all studies of male reproductive effects in humans, and outcomes were selected for full systematic review based on data availability.Study evaluation and synthesis methodsFor each outcome, studies were evaluated using criteria defined a priori for risk of bias and sensitivity by two reviewers using a domain-based approach. Evidence was synthesized by outcome and phthalate and strength of evidence was summarized using a structured framework.ResultsThe primary outcomes reviewed here are (number of included/excluded studies in parentheses): anogenital distance (6/1), semen parameters (15/9), time to pregnancy (3/5), testosterone (13/8), timing of pubertal development (5/15), and hypospadias/cryptorchidism (4/10). Looking at the overall hazard, there was robust evidence of an association between DEHP and DBP exposure and male reproductive outcomes; this was based primarily on studies of anogenital distance, semen parameters, and testosterone for DEHP and semen parameters and time to pregnancy for DBP. There was moderate evidence of an association between DINP and BBP exposure and male reproductive outcomes based on testosterone and semen parameters for DINP and semen parameters and time to pregnancy for BBP. DIBP and DEP were considered to have slight evidence of an association. For DIBP, the less conclusive evidence was attributed to a more limited literature base (i.e., fewer studies) and lower exposure levels in the population, decreasing the ability to observe an effect. For DEP, the findings were consistent with experimental animal data that suggest DEP does not haves as strong an anti-androgenic effect as other phthalates.Conclusions and implications of key findingsOverall, despite some inconsistencies across phthalates in the specific outcomes associated with exposure, these results support that phthalate exposure at levels seen in human populations may have male reproductive effects, particularly DEHP and DBP. The relative strength of the evidence reflects differing levels of toxicity as well as differences in the range of exposures studied and the number of available studies. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. EPA.

Project description:ObjectiveWe performed a systematic review of the epidemiology literature to identify the female reproductive and developmental effects associated with phthalate exposure.Data sources and study eligibility criteriaSix phthalates were included in the review: di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), diisononyl phthalate (DINP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), and diethyl phthalate (DEP). The initial literature search (of PubMed, Web of Science, and Toxline) included all studies of female reproductive and developmental effects in humans, and outcomes were selected for full systematic review based on data availability.Study evaluation and synthesis methodsFor each outcome, studies were evaluated using criteria defined a priori for risk of bias and sensitivity by two reviewers using a domain-based approach. Evidence was synthesized by outcome and phthalate and strength of evidence was summarized using a structured framework.ResultsThe primary outcomes reviewed here are (number of included/excluded studies in parentheses): pubertal development (5/13), time to pregnancy (3/4), preterm birth (8/12), and spontaneous abortion (5/0). Among these outcomes, preterm birth had moderate evidence of a positive association with phthalate exposure (specifically DEHP, DBP, and DEP). Exposure levels for BBP, DIBP, and DINP were generally lower than for the phthalates with an observed effect, which may partially explain the difference due to lower sensitivity. Other phthalate/outcome combinations were considered to have slight or indeterminate evidence of an association.Conclusions and implications of key findingsOverall, these results support that some phthalates may be associated with higher odds of preterm birth in humans, though there is some remaining inconsistency. More evidence is needed on the mechanism and relevant exposure window for this association. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. EPA.

Dataset Information

Exposure to Dibutyl Phthalate and Reproductive-Related Outcomes in Animal Models: Evidence From Rodents Study.

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