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Validated Assessment of Schoolchildren's Attitude Towards Basic Life Support and Automated External Defibrillator Use.

ABSTRACT: As knowledge and attitude towards performing basic life support and using an automated external defibrillator (BLS and AED) contribute equally to improving survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, we aimed to develop a measuring instrument for a validated assessment of schoolchildrens' attitude towards BLS and AED. The objective was to identify, measure, and address pertinent attitude dimensions that influence the intention to actually perform BLS and AED. We conducted a BLS and AED course for seventh and ninth grade students. Students fulfilled pre- and post-course questionnaires on attitude and intention to perform BLS and AED. The measuring instrument was developed with the use of exploratory factor analysis with application of principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis with application of structural equation modeling. Measurement invariance across different groups (gender, grades, previous courses) was tested with Wilcoxon signed ranks test and Mann-Whitney U test. Differences in attitude pre- and post-course were evaluated by application of Mann-Whitney U test. The final attitude model consisted of 3 behavioral constructs (self-confidence, positive motivation, and amotivation). Self-confidence was the major construct directly affecting the intention to act. Positive motivation had a negligible direct effect on intention but correlated strongly with self-confidence. The effect of attitude on the intention to help is therefore less complicated than was expected, which relieves the non-professional educators of having to know the specifics of the different behavioral constructs.

SUBMITTER: Borovnik Lesjak V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8695745 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Educating lay public can significantly strengthen the Chain of Survival after out of hospital cardiac arrest. Schoolchildren are an accessible population for learning basic life support (BLS) and use of an automated external defibrillator (AED) and can be regarded as multipliers of knowledge that can reach the whole population. This study aimed to develop and validate a test for examining levels of knowledge about BLS and AED among schoolchildren that can be used to uniformly present reliable data. METHODS:A knowledge test about BLS and AED consisting of 10 multiple-choice questions was developed and implemented before and after a 2-h BLS and AED course consisting of an interactive lecture and a practical workshop for 783 students in seventh and ninth grades of elementary schools in Maribor, Slovenia. Each question was analyzed and presented with descriptive statistics and educometric parameters (difficulty and discriminating indices). All variables were checked for normality with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and analyzed using non-parametric tests. Statistical significance of the differences in knowledge before and after intervention were calculated with chi-square statistics and effect sizes r are reported. Differences between genders, grades and previous attendance to BLS courses were compared using Mann - Whitney U test. The effect size was calculated from the Z score and reported as r value. RESULTS:After educometric analysis, questions were adjusted to meet the requirements of satisfactory functioning difficulty and discriminating indices (values between 0,40 and 0,60, and above 0,20, respectively). Only one question had to be eliminated due to inadequate difficulty and discriminating index (0,99 and 0,02, respectively). Measurement invariance across gender (p?<?0,001), school grade (p <?0,001), and attendance to previous courses (p?=?0,303) was assured. CONCLUSIONS:A test for accurate and reliable measurement of knowledge of BLS and AED among schoolchildren was developed and validated. According to the findings it can now reliably be used to assess baseline knowledge and potential improvement in knowledge after a course on BLS and AED. Standardized data gathered with a validated tool can now be presented at legislative levels to promote BLS and AED courses implementation in school curricula.

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Validated Assessment of Schoolchildren's Attitude Towards Basic Life Support and Automated External Defibrillator Use.

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