Project description:Osteoid osteoma is a benign tumor that can cause significant pain and disability. Excision of the tumor can be accomplished with open surgery or, as advocated in recent years, with computed tomography (CT)-guided radiofrequency ablation. In this article, a unique arthroscopic approach to excise an osteoid osteoma of the talus is presented. This was possible by relying on a clear intra-articular prominent osteophyte, which was used as a landmark to indicate tumor location in accordance with preoperative CT views. This technique enabled excision of the tumor with concomitant arthroscopic decompression of the osteophyte, which contributed to symptoms of anterior ankle impingement.
Project description:Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the hip is a devastating disease that affects middle-aged adults with poor outcomes if not treated in its early stages. In recent years, subchondroplasty with calcium phosphate solution has shown promising results. Concomitant intra-articular pathologies, including femoroacetabular impingement and chondral lesions, have been described in hips affected by AVN. These should be addressed at the time of surgery to lower the risk of failure. In this Technical Note, we describe an arthroscopic approach to femoral head subchondroplasty with precollapse lesion in AVN affected hip, combined with labral reconstruction and acetabular chondral treatment.
Project description:Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVNFH) is a debilitating disease that requires early intervention to prevent subchondral collapse and irreversible damage leading to premature hip replacement. Patients presenting with AVNFH can have concomitant intra-articular pathology, including femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), that contributes to their hip pain and dysfunction. It is important to restore the native hip anatomy in addition to providing revascularization of necrotic areas to reduce pain, improve function, and maximize efforts to preserve the joint. The purpose of this Technical Note is to describe our preferred arthroscopic approach to core decompression through the femoral neck in combination with femoral osteoplasty to address AVNFH and FAI in a single-staged and minimally invasive procedure.
Project description:Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head is a progressive disease affecting young adults that results in collapse of the femoral head and subsequent degenerative joint disease. Although precollapse stages of AVN can be successfully treated with core decompression, making the diagnosis is often difficult given alternative sources of hip pain in this age group. We propose that arthroscopic-assisted core decompression of the femoral head offers an effective method of addressing AVN of the femoral head as well as coexistent hip disorders in the same operation. This article describes in detail the technique used to perform an arthroscopic-assisted core decompression of the femoral head, and a companion video demonstrating the procedure is included. Our experience suggests that arthroscopic-assisted core decompression can be used as an alternative to open core decompression, while simultaneously addressing other sources of hip pain, with successful outcomes.
Project description:Os subfibulare is an ossicle at the tip of the lateral malleolus. The ossicle is sometimes symptomatic and presents with local pain or lateral ankle instability. The purpose of this Technical Note is to describe the details of arthroscopic stabilization of the os subfibulare. It is indicated for symptomatic mechanical lateral ankle instability resulting from an unstable os subfibulare. The technique has the advantages of minimally invasive surgery, evaluation and treatment of concomitant ankle pathology, and preservation of integrity of the anterior talofibular ligament.
Project description:Fractures of the lateral process of the talus are uncommon and often overlooked. Typically, they are found in adult snowboarders. We report the case of an 11-year-old male soccer player who complained of lateral ankle pain after an inversion injury 6 months earlier. He did not respond to conservative treatment and thus underwent arthroscopic excision of fragments of the talar lateral process. The ankle was approached through standard medial and anterolateral portals. A 2.7-mm-diameter 30° arthroscope was used. Soft tissues around the talus were cleared with a motorized shaver, and the lateral aspect of the talar process was then visualized. The lateral process presented as an osseous overgrowth, and a loose body was impinged between the talus and the calcaneus. The osseous overgrowth was resected piece by piece with a punch, and the loose body was removed en block. The patient returned to soccer 5 weeks after the operation. This case exemplifies 2 important points: (1) This type of fracture can develop even in children and not only in snowboarders. (2) Arthroscopic excision of talar lateral process fragments can be accomplished easily, and return to sports can be achieved in a relatively short time.
Project description:Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a condition that affects upwards of 10,000 individuals in the USA each year. The peak incidence is in the fourth decade of life, and overall, there is a male preponderance. The condition accounts for up to 12% of total hip arthroplasties performed in developed countries. The etiology can be traumatic or non-traumatic, with 90% of atraumatic cases attributed to corticosteroid therapy or excess alcohol consumption. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head reflects the final common pathway of a range of insults to the blood supply and ultimately results in femoral head collapse, acetabular involvement, and secondary osteoarthritis. Currently, conservative treatment options, which aim to correct pathophysiologic features allowing revascularization and new bone formation, appear to be able to delay but not halt the progression of this condition. As a consequence of femoral head osteonecrosis, many individuals undergo surgical treatments including: core decompression, osteotomy, non-vascularized bone matrix grafting, free vascularized fibular grafts, limited femoral resurfacing, total hip resurfacing, and total hip arthroplasty.
Project description:Large chondral lesions of the humeral head are often treated with total shoulder arthroplasty, but this may not be an ideal option for young, active patients. Humeral head resurfacing is another option, which better preserves the native biomechanics. This article and the accompanying video present the surgical technique of partial humeral head resurfacing, which further preserves the remaining healthy cartilage. It is described for a chondral lesion due to avascular necrosis, but the method has been successfully used to treat chondral lesions from a broad range of causes.
Project description:An os acetabuli (OA) increases the contact area and surface area of the acetabulum and is important to maintain congruity of the hip joint. Thus preservation of this ossicle is important to prevent loss of contact area and ensure containment of the femoral head. We describe an all-arthroscopic approach to the fixation of OA with a compression screw. Initially, the fibrous tissue is debrided between the acetabular rim and the OA, a guidewire is placed through the OA up to the acetabular rim, and a screw is inserted over the wire. Compression of the OA is achieved with bone-to-bone contact. This technique prevents loss of femoral head coverage, reducing the risk of subluxation and subsequent osteoarthritis.