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Influence of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Gene Polymorphism on the Correlation between Alexithymia and Hypervigilance to Pain.

ABSTRACT: The psychological characteristic of having difficulty expressing emotions, known as alexithymia, is associated with hypervigilance to pain and is considered one of the risk factors for chronic pain. The correlation between alexithymia and hypervigilance to pain can be observed even in healthy individuals. However, the factors influencing this correlation remain unknown. We explored the dopamine system, which is known to be involved in emotion and pain. The dopamine-degrading enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) has a genetic polymorphism known to influence dopamine metabolism in the prefrontal cortex. COMT polymorphism reportedly affects various aspects of pain and increases pain sensitivity in Met allele carriers. Therefore, we investigated whether the correlation between alexithymia and hypervigilance to pain is influenced by COMT polymorphism in healthy individuals. The results revealed a significant positive correlation between the "difficulty describing feelings" of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale and the "attention to changes in pain" of the pain vigilance and awareness questionnaire in COMT Met carriers but not in Val/Val individuals. This finding suggests that the correlation between alexithymia and hypervigilance to pain is influenced by COMT polymorphism.

SUBMITTER: Ikarashi H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8704340 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association between the Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Val¹??Met Polymorphism and Alexithymia in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

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Catechol-O-methyltransferase polymorphism and endometriosis.

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Project description:The experience of pain is believed to be influenced by social, cultural, environmental, psychological, and genetic factors. Despite this assertion, few studies have included clinically relevant pain phenotypes when investigating interactions among these variables. This study investigated whether psychological variables specific to fear-avoidance models and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) genotype influenced pain ratings for a cohort of patients receiving operative treatment of shoulder pain. Patients (n=58) completed questionnaires and had COMT genotype determined pre-operatively. Then, shoulder pain ratings were collected 3-5 months post-operatively. This cohort consisted of 24 females and 34 males, with mean age of 50.3 (SD=15.0) and pre-operative pain rating of 4.5/10 (SD=1.8). The frequency of COMT diplotypes was 34 with "high COMT activity" (LPS group) and 24 with "low COMT activity" (APS/HPS group). Preliminary analysis indicated that of all the fear-avoidance variables considered (fear of pain, kinesiophobia, pain catastrophizing, and anxiety), only pain catastrophizing was a unique contributor to clinical pain ratings. A hierarchical regression model indicated that an interaction between pain catastrophizing and COMT diplotype contributed additional variance in pre-operative pain ratings. The pain catastrophizingxCOMT diplotype interaction demonstrated predictive validity as patients with high pain catastrophizing and low COMT activity (APS/HPS group) were more likely (RR=6.8, 95% CI=2.8-16.7) to have post-operative pain ratings of 4.0/10 or higher. Our findings suggest that an interaction between pain catastrophizing and COMT diplotype has the potential to influence pain ratings in patients seeking operative treatment of their shoulder pain.

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Catechol-O-methyltransferase polymorphism Val158Met is associated with distal neuropathic pain in HIV-associated sensory neuropathy.

Project description:BackgroundMany of those aging with HIV suffer from distal neuropathic pain (DNP) due to HIV-associated sensory neuropathy (HIV-SN). Prior studies have linked chronic pain conditions to a variant of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), ValMet. This variant confers reduced enzymatic activity and results in higher synaptic dopamine levels. Here we examined the role of ValMet as a predictor of DNP in HIV-SN.MethodsIn 1044 HIV-infected individuals enrolled in CNS HIV Antiretroviral Therapy Effects Research, an observational study across six US institutions, we characterized the relationship between ValMet and DNP in HIV-SN. Participants underwent neurologic examination and genotyping. Stratification into genetic ancestry groups was employed to eliminate bias due to genetic background.FindingsOf 590 participants with HIV-SN, 38% endorsed DNP, 24% reported nonpainful symptoms of neuropathy (paresthesia and numbness), and 38% were asymptomatic. Compared with asymptomatic HIV-SN, ValMet was associated with 2.3 higher odds of DNP. There were no increased odds of nonpainful symptoms. The association remained significant after controlling for other risk factors for DNP: lifetime diagnosis of depression, older age, ancestry, cumulative exposure to dideoxynucleoside antiretrovirals, diabetes, and nadir CD4. Stratified by genetic ancestry, the association between ValMet and DNP was significant in European and African genetic ancestry.InterpretationValMet may be a genetic marker for susceptibility to DNP in HIV-SN. Our findings support the notion that differences in pain processing mediated by COMT-related dopamine signaling play a role in susceptibility to DNP in HIV-SN. Because prior studies suggest that the COMT allele may influence dose-response relationships with opioid treatment, knowing COMT genotype could influence management.

| S-EPMC7380251 | biostudies-literature

The relationship between the val158met catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) polymorphism and irritable bowel syndrome.

Project description:BACKGROUND:The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) enzyme has a key function in the degradation of catecholamines and a functional polymorphism is val158met. The val/val genotype results in a three to fourfold higher enzymatic activity compared with the met/met genotype, with the val/met genotype exhibiting intermediate activity. Since pain syndromes as well as anxiety and depression are associated to low and high COMT activity respectively and these conditions are all associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) we wanted for the first time to explore the relationship between the polymorphism and IBS. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:867 subjects (445 women) representative of the general population and 70 consecutively sampled patients with IBS (61 women) were genotyped for the val158met polymorphism and the IBS patients filled out the Hospital-Anxiety-and-Depression-Scale (HADS) questionnaire, and an IBS symptom diary. RESULTS:There was a significantly higher occurrence of the val/val genotype in patients compared with controls (30% vs 20%; Chi(2) (1) 3.98; p?=?0.046) and a trend toward a lower occurrence of the val/met genotype in IBS patients compared with controls (39% vs 49%; Chi(2) (1) 2.89; p?=?0.089). Within the IBS patients the val/val carriers exhibited significantly increased bowel frequency (2.6 vs 1.8 stools per day; Chi(2) (1) 5.3; p?=?0.03) and a smaller proportion of stools with incomplete defecation (41% vs 68%; Chi(2) (1) 4.3; p?=?0.04) compared with the rest (val/met+met/met carriers). The val/val carriers also showed a trend for a smaller proportion of hard stools (0% vs 15%; Chi(2) (1) 3.2; p?=?0.08) and a higher frequency of postprandial defecation (26% vs 21%; Chi(2) (1) 3.0; p?=?0.08). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:In this study we found an association between the val/val genotype of the val158met COMT gene and IBS as well as to specific IBS related bowel pattern in IBS patients.

| S-EPMC3060919 | biostudies-literature

Association between the Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158met polymorphism and different dimensions of impulsivity.

Project description:BackgroundImpulsivity is a multidimensional construct which has been associated with dopaminergic neurotransmission. Nonetheless, until this moment, few studies addressed the relationship between different types of impulsivity and the single nucleotide polymorphism caused by a substitution of valine (val) with methionine (met) in the 158 codon of the Catechol-o-Methyltransferase gene (COMT-val158met). The present study aimed to investigate the association between val158met COMT polymorphism and impulsive behavior measured by two neuropsychological tests.Methodology/principal findingsWe administered two neuropsychological tests, a Continuous Performance Task and the Iowa Gambling Task were applied to 195 healthy participants to characterize their levels of motor, attentional and non-planning impulsivity. Then, subjects were grouped by genotype, and their scores on impulsivity measures were compared. There were no significant differences between group scores on attentional and motor impulsivity. Those participants who were homozygous for the met allele performed worse in the Iowa Gambling Task than val/val and val/met subjects.Conclusions/significanceOur results suggest that met allele of val158met COMT polymorphism is associated with poor performance in decision-making/cognitive impulsivity task. The results reinforce the hypothesis that val and met alleles of the val158met polymorphism show functional dissociation and are related to different prefrontal processes.

| S-EPMC3769314 | biostudies-literature

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