Dataset Information

Dynamics of the Enteric Virome in a Swine Herd Affected by Non-PCV2/PRRSV Postweaning Wasting Syndrome.

ABSTRACT: A commercial pig farm with no history of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) or porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) repeatedly reported a significant reduction in body weight gain and wasting symptoms in approximately 20-30% of the pigs in the period between three and six weeks after weaning. As standard clinical interventions failed to tackle symptomatology, viral metagenomics were used to describe and monitor the enteric virome at birth, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, and 9 weeks of age. The latter four sampling points were 7 days, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks post weaning, respectively. Fourteen distinct enteric viruses were identified within the herd, which all have previously been linked to enteric diseases. Here we show that wasting is associated with alterations in the enteric virome of the pigs, characterized by: (1) the presence of enterovirus G at 3 weeks of age, followed by a higher prevalence of the virus in wasting pigs at 6 weeks after weaning; (2) rotaviruses at 3 weeks of age; and (3) porcine sapovirus one week after weaning. However, the data do not provide a causal link between specific viral infections and the postweaning clinical problems on the farm. Together, our results offer evidence that disturbances in the enteric virome at the preweaning stage and early after weaning have a determining role in the development of intestinal barrier dysfunctions and nutrient uptake in the postweaning growth phase. Moreover, we show that the enteric viral load sharply increases in the week after weaning in both healthy and wasting pigs. This study is also the first to report the dynamics and co-infection of porcine rotavirus species and porcine astrovirus genetic lineages during the first 9 weeks of the life of domestic pigs.

SUBMITTER: Folgueiras-Gonzalez A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8705478 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Purpose: Post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) is a disease associated with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection. One main feature of PMWS is seriously decreased lymphocyte in lymphoid tissues. This research aims to investigate the molecular mechanism of evident lymphocyte depletion in spleen from Yorkshire x Landrace (YL) pigs after infection with PCV2. Methods: At the age of 6 weeks, 15 piglets of Laiwu (LW) and YL pigs were assigned randomly into two groups, respectively: 10 infected pigs and 5 uninfected pigs. Spleen tissues of each group were collected at 35 days post infection with PCV2. Three PCV2-infected YL pigs with apparently pathologic characteristics and mock-infected YL pigs were selected for RNA sequencing, respectively. The RNA extraction, library construction and RNA-Seq were performed on the Illumina HiSeq2500 at Beijing BioMarker Technologies (Beijing, China).Differential expression genes (DEGs) were filtrated from the result of transcriptome. The quantitative real-time PCR was performed to validate the expression patterns of candidate DEGs between LW and YL pigs. Results: The clean reads percolated from the raw reads were mapped to Sus scrofa genome (Sscrofa10.2) using Tophat2 software. The efficiency of alignment was about 76% between the six samples and reference genome, and approximate 50% clean reads were perfectly matched to pig genome. Two samples with high R-squared value (T1-T3: 0.98; T5-T6: 0.97) from PCV2 and mock-infected YL pigs, respectively, was performed differential expression analysis through DESeq after biologic repetition correlation detection. With the criterion of log FC (fold change) > 1.5 and of P value < 0.05, 90 significantly differentially expressed genes were identified between the two groups, of which 57 were up-regulated and 33 were down-regulated. Eleven candidate DEGs were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR, which expression pattern were generally in accordance with the results of RNA-seq. Conclusions: Many DEGs participate in immune response and some of them are involved in cells proliferation or apoptosis, such as CD81, HGF, CXCL13, KLF11, PSMD4, CYCS and ACTC1. The expression changes of these DEGs may cause the lymphocyte depletion in spleen after challenge with PCV2.

Dataset Information

Dynamics of the Enteric Virome in a Swine Herd Affected by Non-PCV2/PRRSV Postweaning Wasting Syndrome.

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