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Biochemical and Structural Characterization of a Novel Bacterial Tannase From Lachnospiraceae bacterium in Ruminant Gastrointestinal Tract.

ABSTRACT: Tannases are a family of esterases that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester and depside bonds present in hydrolyzable tannins to release gallic acid. Here, a novel tannase from Lachnospiraceae bacterium (TanA_Lb) was characterized. The recombinant TanA_Lb exhibited maximal activity at pH 7.0 and 50°C, and it maintained more than 70% relative activity from 30°C to 55°C. The activity of TanA_Lb was enhanced by Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺, and was dramatically reduced by Cu²⁺ and Mn²⁺. TanA_Lb is capable of degrading esters of phenolic acids with long-chain alcohols, such as lauryl gallate as well as tannic acid. The Km value and catalytic efficiency (k _cat /Km) of TanA_Lb toward five substrates showed that tannic acid (TA) was the favorite substrate. Homology modeling and structural analysis indicated that TanA_Lb contains an insertion loop (residues 341-450). Based on the moleculer docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, this loop was observed as a flap-like lid to interact with bulk substrates such as tannic acid. TanA_Lb is a novel bacterial tannase, and the characteristics of this enzyme make it potentially interesting for industrial use.

SUBMITTER: Guan L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8715002 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Bacterial spores play an important role in disease initiation, transmission and persistence. In some species, the exosporium forms the outermost structure of the spore and provides the first point of contact between the spore and the environment. The exosporium may also be involved in spore adherence, protection and germination. Clostridium sordellii is a highly lethal, spore forming pathogen that causes soft-tissue infections, enteritis and toxic-shock syndrome. Despite the importance of C. sordellii spores in disease, spore proteins from this bacterium have not been defined or interrogated functionally. In this study, we identified the C. sordellii outer spore proteome and two of the identified proteins, CsA and CsB, were characterised using a genetic and phenotypic approach. Both proteins were essential for the correct formation and positioning of the C. sordellii spore coat and exosporium. The absence of CsA reduced sporulation levels and increased spore sensitivity to heat, sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. By comparison, CsB was required for normal levels of spore adherence to cervical, but not vaginal, cells, with csB mutant spores having increased adherence properties. The establishment of a mouse infection model of the gastrointestinal tract for C. sordellii allowed the role of CsA and CsB to be interrogated in an infected host. Following the oral administration of spores to mice, the wild-type strain efficiently colonized the gastrointestinal tract, with the peak of bacterial numbers occurring at one day post-infection. Colonization was reduced by two logs at four days post-infection. By comparison, mice infected with the csB mutant did not show a reduction in bacterial numbers. We conclude that C. sordellii outer spore proteins are important for the structural and functional integrity of spores. Furthermore, outer spore proteins are required for wild-type levels of colonization during infection, possibly as a result of the role that the proteins play in spore structure and morphology.

Dataset Information

Biochemical and Structural Characterization of a Novel Bacterial Tannase From Lachnospiraceae bacterium in Ruminant Gastrointestinal Tract.

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