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Improving the Durability and Performance of Sulfonated Poly(arylene ether)s by Introducing 9,10-Dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide Structure for Fuel Cell Application.

ABSTRACT: Polymer electrolyte membranes in which the hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains phase separate exhibit improved properties and stability. Such a phase separation of hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains can be achieved by polymerizing a 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide-bisphenol A (DOPO-BPA) and 1,4-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)benzene (1,4-FBB) monomer. In this work, sulfonated polymer membranes with various degrees of sulfonation (DS) were prepared and their physicochemical and electrochemical properties were studied. In addition, the effect of molecular structure on the durability of the copolymers was investigated. The sulfonated copolymers were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Then, sulfonated membranes were prepared using these copolymers by the solvent casting method, and their morphologies were investigated by atomic force microscopy. The effect of DS on the thermal, mechanical, and oxidative stabilities, water uptake behavior, and ion-exchange capacity of the membranes was determined. The results showed that compared with the commercially available Nafion 212 polymer electrolyte membrane, the electrolyte membrane based on DOPO-BPA and 1,4-FBB exhibited a lower water uptake and excellent dimensional stability despite having a relatively high ion-exchange capacity. The low water uptake is an important characteristic that ensures the stability of the polymer electrolyte membrane in fuel cell applications.

SUBMITTER: Kang HH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8717375 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:A 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO)-based derivative (PN-DOPO) combined with aluminium phosphates-coated sepiolite (Sep@AlPO4) was used to improve the flame retardance, thermal stability and mechanical performances of poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO)/poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blends. The synergistic effects of PN-DOPO and Sep@AlPO4 on flame-retarded PEO/PBAT composites were systematically discussed. Results indicated that introducing 5 wt% Sep@AlPO4 with 10 wt% PN-DOPO into PEO/PBAT achieved a V-1 rating for the UL-94 test and increased the limiting oxygen index value to 23.7%. Moreover, the peak heat release rate (p-HRR), average HRR and total heat release values of PEO/PBAT/PN10%/Sep5% composites decreased by 35.6%, 11.0% and 23.0% compared with those of PEO/PBAT, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results confirmed that PN-DOPO/Sep@AlPO4 enhanced the initial thermal stability and char yield of PEO/PBAT matrix, and TGA/Fourier transform infrared spectrometry results revealed that the composites exhibited the characteristic absorption peaks of phosphorous-containing groups and an increase in gas-phase volatiles during thermal degradation. The morphological structures of the residues indicated that PN-DOPO and Sep@AlPO4 mixtures produced a more dense and continuous char layer on the composite surface during burning. Rheological behaviour revealed that higher complex viscosity and modulus values of PEO/PBAT/PN-DOPO/Sep@AlPO4 sample could also promote the crosslinking network structure of condensed phases during combustion. Furthermore, the PEO/PBAT/PN-DOPO/Sep@AlPO4 composites exhibited superior elongation at break and flexural performance than the PEO/PBAT system. All results demonstrated that the PEO/PBAT system modified with PN-DOPO/Sep@AlPO4 showed remarkable flame retardance, and improved thermal stability and mechanical properties, indicating its potential application in areas requiring fire safety.

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Improving the Durability and Performance of Sulfonated Poly(arylene ether)s by Introducing 9,10-Dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide Structure for Fuel Cell Application.

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