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Non-Modifiable Risk Factors for Stress Fractures in Military Personnel Undergoing Training: A Systematic Review.


ABSTRACT: A fracture, being an acquired rupture or break of the bone, is a significant and debilitating injury commonly seen among athletes and military personnel. Stress fractures, which have a repetitive stress aetiology, are highly prevalent among military populations, especially those undergoing training. The primary aim of this review is to identify non-modifiable risk factors for stress fractures in military personnel undergoing training. A systematic search was conducted of three major databases to identify studies that explored risk factors for stress fractures in military trainees. Critical appraisal, data extraction, and a narrative synthesis were conducted. Sixteen articles met the eligibility criteria for the study. Key non-modifiable risk factors identified were prior stress fracture and menstrual dysfunction, while advancing age and race other than black race may be a risk factor. To reduce the incidence of stress fractures in military trainees, mitigating modifiable risk factors among individuals with non-modifiable risk factors (e.g., optimising conditioning for older trainees) or better accommodating non-modifiable factors (for example, extending training periods and reducing intensity to facilitate recovery and adaptation) are suggested, with focus on groups at increased risk identified in this review.

SUBMITTER: Lennox GM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8744653 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Non-Modifiable Risk Factors for Stress Fractures in Military Personnel Undergoing Training: A Systematic Review.

Lennox Grace M GM   Wood Patrick M PM   Schram Ben B   Canetti Elisa F D EFD   Simas Vini V   Pope Rodney R   Orr Robin R  

International journal of environmental research and public health 20211231 1


A fracture, being an acquired rupture or break of the bone, is a significant and debilitating injury commonly seen among athletes and military personnel. Stress fractures, which have a repetitive stress aetiology, are highly prevalent among military populations, especially those undergoing training. The primary aim of this review is to identify non-modifiable risk factors for stress fractures in military personnel undergoing training. A systematic search was conducted of three major databases to  ...[more]

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