Reintubation during COVID-19 pandemic: a simple self-made guiding device facilitates reintubation and minimizes transmission.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Song L
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8748093 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC7307132 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Over the past few years, thermally-assisted-occupation density functional theory (TAO-DFT) [J.-D. Chai, J. Chem. Phys., 2012, 136, 154104] has been proved to be an efficient electronic structure method for investigating the ground-state properties of large electronic systems with strong static correlation effects. In TAO-DFT, the strength of static correlation in an electronic system at zero temperature is closely related to the so-called fictitious temperature (i.e., the temperature of the corresponding noninteracting reference system). In this work, we propose a simple model to define the optimal system-independent fictitious temperature of a given energy functional in TAO-DFT. Besides, we employ this model to determine the optimal system-independent fictitious temperature of a global hybrid functional in TAO-DFT as a function of the fraction of exact exchange. In addition, we adopt TAO-DFT with various global hybrid functionals and system-independent fictitious temperatures to explore the ground-state properties of several electronic systems with strong static correlation effects, such as the linear acenes and cyclic carbon chains. Furthermore, we discuss the role of exact exchange and an optimal system-independent fictitious temperature in TAO-DFT. Owing to the much reduced self-interaction error, TAO-DFT with exact exchange and an optimal system-independent fictitious temperature can accurately predict the radical character and bond length alternation of cyclic carbon chains (with even number of carbon atoms), which are challenging problems for traditional electronic structure methods.
| S-EPMC9026342 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe USee device is a new self-refraction tool that allows users to determine their own refractive error. We evaluated the ease of use of USee in adults, and compared the refractive error correction achieved with USee to clinical manifest refraction.MethodsSixty adults with uncorrected visual acuity <20/30 and spherical equivalent between -6.00 and +6.00 diopters completed manifest refraction and self-refraction.ResultsSubjects had a mean (±SD) age of 53.1 (±18.6) years, and 27 (45.0%) were male. Mean (±SD) spherical equivalent measured by manifest refraction and self-refraction were -0.90 D (±2.53) and -1.22 diopters (±2.42), respectively (p = 0.001). The proportion of subjects correctable to ≥20/30 in the better eye was higher for manifest refraction (96.7%) than self-refraction (83.3%, p = 0.005). Failure to achieve visual acuity ≥20/30 with self-refraction in right eyes was associated with increasing age (per year, OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.00-1.10) and higher cylindrical power (per diopter, OR: 7.26; 95% CI: 1.88-28.1). Subjectively, 95% of participants thought USee was easy to use, 85% thought self-refraction correction was better than being uncorrected, 57% thought vision with self-refraction correction was similar to their current corrective lenses, and 53% rated their vision as "very good" or "excellent" with self-refraction.ConclusionSelf-refraction provides acceptable refractive error correction in the majority of adults. Programs targeting resource-poor settings could potentially use USee to provide easy on-site refractive error correction.
| S-EPMC5794143 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Non-self recognition is a common phenomenon among organisms; it often leads to innate immunity to prevent the invasion of parasites and maintain the genetic polymorphism of organisms. Fungal vegetative incompatibility is a type of non-self recognition which often induces programmed cell death (PCD) and restricts the spread of molecular parasites. It is not clearly known whether virus infection could attenuate non-self recognition among host individuals to facilitate its spread. Here, we report that a hypovirulence-associated mycoreovirus, named Sclerotinia sclerotiorum mycoreovirus 4 (SsMYRV4), could suppress host non-self recognition and facilitate horizontal transmission of heterologous viruses. We found that cell death in intermingled colony regions between SsMYRV4-infected Sclerotinia sclerotiorum strain and other tested vegetatively incompatible strains was markedly reduced and inhibition barrage lines were not clearly observed. Vegetative incompatibility, which involves Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) signaling pathway, is controlled by specific loci termed het (heterokaryon incompatibility) loci. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a key role in vegetative incompatibility-mediated PCD. The expression of G protein subunit genes, het genes, and ROS-related genes were significantly down-regulated, and cellular production of ROS was suppressed in the presence of SsMYRV4. Furthermore, SsMYRV4-infected strain could easily accept other viruses through hyphal contact and these viruses could be efficiently transmitted from SsMYRV4-infected strain to other vegetatively incompatible individuals. Thus, we concluded that SsMYRV4 is capable of suppressing host non-self recognition and facilitating heterologous viruses transmission among host individuals. These findings may enhance our understanding of virus ecology, and provide a potential strategy to utilize hypovirulence-associated mycoviruses to control fungal diseases.
| S-EPMC5363999 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We applied a self-guiding evolutionary algorithm to initiate the synthesis of the Alzheimer's disease-related data and literature. A protein interaction network associated with amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) and a seed model that treats Alzheimer's disease as progressive dysregulation of APP-associated signaling were used as dynamic "guides" and structural "filters" in the recursive search, analysis, and assimilation of data to drive the evolution of the seed model in size, detail, and complexity. Analysis of data and literature across sub-disciplines and system-scale discovery platforms suggests a key role of dynamic cytoskeletal connectivity in the stability, plasticity, and performance of multicellular networks and architectures. Chronic impairment and/or dysregulation of cell adhesions/synapses, cytoskeletal networks, and/or reversible epithelial-to-mesenchymal-like transitions, which enable and mediate the stable and coherent yet dynamic and reconfigurable multicellular architectures, may lead to the emergence and persistence of the disordered, wound-like pockets/microenvironments of chronically disconnected cells. Such wound-like microenvironments support and are supported by pro-inflammatory, pro-secretion, de-differentiated cellular phenotypes with altered metabolism and signaling. The co-evolution of wound-like microenvironments and their inhabitants may lead to the selection and stabilization of degenerated cellular phenotypes, via acquisition of epigenetic modifications and mutations, which eventually result in degenerative disorders such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease.
| S-EPMC4546454 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Psoriasis vulgaris is a common, inflammatory skin disease affecting approximately 3% of the population in the United States. The etiology of psoriasis and its associated comorbidities are complex and the result of complicated interactions between the skin, immune system, disease-associated susceptibility loci, and multiple environmental triggers. The modeling of human disease in vivo through the use of murine models represents a powerful, indispensable tool for investigating the immune and genetic mechanisms contributing to a clinical disease phenotype. Nevertheless, modeling a complex, multigenic disease like psoriasis in mice has proven to be extremely challenging and is associated with significant limitations. Over the last four decades, more than 40 unique mouse models for psoriasis have been described. These models can be categorized into three major types: acute (inducible), genetically engineered (transgenic), and xenograft (humanized). The purpose of this Research Techniques Made Simple article is to provide an overview of the common types of psoriasis-like mouse models currently in use and their inherent advantages and limitations. We also highlight the need for improved psoriasis mouse model systems and several key factors to be considered as this field of laboratory science advances.
| S-EPMC6902858 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Clinical trials have several important limitations for evaluating the safety of new medications, leading to many adverse events not being identified until the postmarketing period. Descriptive studies, including case reports, case series, cross-sectional, and ecologic studies, help identify potential safety signals and generate hypotheses. Further research using analytic study methods, including case-control studies and cohort studies, are necessary to determine if an association truly exists and to better understand the potential for causation. Pharmacoepidemiology research examines the use and effects of drugs when used in large populations of patients, using a variety of study designs and biostatistical techniques to reduce the confounding and systematic error associated with observational research. Understanding the strengths and limitations of pharmacoepidemiology research techniques is necessary to interpret the validity of drug safety studies, guiding both individual patient decisions and broader public health decisions.
| S-EPMC5798480 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Over recent years, appreciation for the critical role of the meniscus in joint biomechanics has led to an emphasis on meniscal preservation. Meniscal allograft transplant (MAT) is a promising biological solution for the symptomatic young patient with a meniscus-deficient knee that has not developed advanced osteoarthritis. As surgical techniques are refined and outcomes continue to improve, it is vital to consider the utility of such procedures and offer a straightforward approach to MAT. This article and accompanying video provide a step-by-step tutorial on how to perform a MAT using the bridge and slot technique, its key pearls and pitfalls as well as the relevant advantages and disadvantages of MAT.
| S-EPMC5766348 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by impaired barrier function, eczematous dermatitis, and chronic pruritus. Mouse models have been heavily used to deepen our understanding of complicated disease mechanisms in AD and to provide a preclinical platform before performing clinical interventional research on novel therapeutic agents in humans. However, what aspects of human AD these mouse AD models faithfully recapitulate is insufficiently understood. We categorized mouse AD models into three groups: (i) inbred models, (ii) genetically engineered mice in which genes of interest are overexpressed or deleted in a specific cell type, and (iii) models induced by topical application of exogenous agents. To maximize benefits from current murine AD models, understanding the strengths and limitations of each model is essential when selecting a system suitable for a specific research question. We describe known and emerging AD mouse models and discuss the usefulness and pitfalls of each system.
| S-EPMC6555635 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Interventional treatment of chronic total occlusions (CTOs) is nowadays counting on a wide span of procedural possibilities, and retrograde approaches are becoming more and more frequent as they warrant high success rates at the cost of a slightly higher incidence of donor vessel damage. Retrograde lesion crossing needs to be followed by procedural conversion to an antegrade approach to dilate and stent the lesion, and new techniques are being proposed to address this issue and achieve a safer recanalization of the vessel. In this context, we propose novel and simple techniques to antegrade guiding catheter engagement by the retrograde wire, enhancing the chances for procedural success.
| S-EPMC7271058 | biostudies-literature