Self-consciousness and depression in precocious pubertal children.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: Objective
To explore self-consciousness and depression in children with precocious puberty (PP) and analyse its effect on children of both sexes.Methods
Sixty children with PP and 60 non-PP children matched for sex and age participated in the study. Children were assessed using the Birleson Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children and the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale.Results
There were significant differences in physical appearance and attributes, anxiety, happiness and satisfaction between PP children and non-PP children. PP children had significantly higher depression than non-PP children. In the PP group, girls were significantly more prone to anxiety and unhappiness than boys. Conclusion: There were sex differences in the effect of PP on children's self-consciousness, and girls were more prone to anxiety and unhappiness. More attention should be paid to improving the physical and mental health of children with PP.
SUBMITTER: Huang H
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8753789 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:Previous studies have reported a shift in the timing of sleep during adolescence toward a later time. To date, it is unclear whether hormonal changes during puberty might contribute to this change in sleeping behavior. We systematically assessed pubertal development and sleep timing in a cross-sectional case-control study in girls with precocious (n = 42) and boys with delayed pubertal development (n = 19). We used the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire and the Children's ChronoType Questionnaire to assess sleep timing in patients and age- and sex-matched controls (n = 309) and used the midpoint of sleep on free days, corrected for potential sleep debt accumulated during the school week, as a marker for sleep timing. Compared to the controls, girls with central precocious puberty showed a delay in sleep timing of 54 min, and girls with premature pubarche slept on average 30 min later. Male adolescents with delayed pubertal development showed an average sleep midpoint that was 40 min earlier compared to the control group. The results of this pilot study suggest an association between pubertal onset and shifts in sleep timing, which is a novel finding in human sleep behavior. Prospective studies in larger cohorts will be needed to examine the robustness and generalizability of the findings.
| S-EPMC7509672 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe gold standard for the diagnosis of central precocious puberty (CPP) is gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) or GnRH analogs (GnRHa) stimulation test. But the stimulation test is time-consuming and costly. Our objective was to develop a risk score model readily adoptable by clinicians and patients.MethodsA cross-sectional study based on the electronic medical record system was conducted in the Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China from January 2010 to August 2016. Patients with precocious puberty were randomly split into the training (n = 314) and validation (n = 313) sample. In the training sample, variables associated with CPP (P < 0.2) in univariate analyses were introduced in a multivariable logistic regression model. Prediction model was selected using a forward stepwise analysis. A risk score model was built with the scaled coefficients of the model and tested in the validation sample.ResultsCPP was diagnosed in 54.8% (172/314) and 55.0% (172/313) of patients in the training and validation sample, respectively. The CPP risk score model included age at the onset of puberty, basal luteinizing hormone (LH) concentration, largest ovarian volume, and uterine volume. The C-index was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81-0.89) and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82-0.90) in the training and the validation sample, respectively. Two cut-off points were selected to delimitate a low- (< 10 points), median- (10-19 points), and high-risk (≥ 20 points) group.ConclusionsA risk score model for the risk of CPP had a moderate predictive performance, which offers the advantage of helping evaluate the requirement for further diagnostic tests (GnRH or GnRHa stimulation test).
| S-EPMC8056580 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionPhysical examinations to assess pubertal development are challenging in large epidemiological surveys. This study aimed to assess the reliability of judgment of pubertal onset in Japanese children by the original pubertal self-assessment sheet.MethodsA total of 144 children aged 10 or 12 years were recruited between March 2019 and September 2020 from the pediatric endocrine outpatient clinics of participating institutions. Agreement between the physician- and participantassessed pubertal onsets was determined using unweighted kappa (UK) and Gwet's agreement coefficient (AC1).ResultsThe physician's assessment of pubertal onset was in slight agreement with that of the self-assessment sheet in 10-year-old boys (UK: 0.23 and AC1: 0.14), whereas the agreement between the physician's assessment and self-assessment sheet results was good and the physician's assessment was fair (UK: 0.64 and AC1: 0.94) in 12-year-old boys. The physician's assessment of pubertal onset were in good and moderate agreement with the self-assessment sheet in 10-year-old girls (UK/AC1: 0.74/0.78, respectively). In 12-year-old girls, although it showed poor agreement with UK (0.46), there was a very good agreement with AC1 (0.88).ConclusionsAlthough self-assessment of breast development was in good agreement with that of the physician's assessment for determining pubertal onset in girls, large-scale epidemiological studies are difficult to conduct for adolescent boys, especially for those in the early pubertal stage.
| S-EPMC10070871 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Mirror-self recognition (MSR) is a behavioral indicator of self-awareness in young children and only a few other species, including the great apes, dolphins, elephants and magpies. The emergence of self-awareness in children typically occurs during the second year and has been correlated with sensorimotor development and growing social and self-awareness. Comparative studies of MSR in chimpanzees report that the onset of this ability occurs between 2 years 4 months and 3 years 9 months of age. Studies of wild and captive bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) have reported precocious sensorimotor and social awareness during the first weeks of life, but no comparative MSR research has been conducted with this species. We exposed two young bottlenose dolphins to an underwater mirror and analyzed video recordings of their behavioral responses over a 3-year period. Here we report that both dolphins exhibited MSR, indicated by self-directed behavior at the mirror, at ages earlier than generally reported for children and at ages much earlier than reported for chimpanzees. The early onset of MSR in young dolphins occurs in parallel with their advanced sensorimotor development, complex and reciprocal social interactions, and growing social awareness. Both dolphins passed subsequent mark tests at ages comparable with children. Thus, our findings indicate that dolphins exhibit self-awareness at a mirror at a younger age than previously reported for children or other species tested.
| S-EPMC5761843 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Activational effects of the reproductive neuroendocrine system may explain why some youths with ADHD are at greater risk for exacerbated ADHD symptoms (hyperactivity, inattention, impulsivity) during adolescence. For youths diagnosed with ADHD, first signs of ADHD symptoms become noticeable by multiple reporters (e.g., teachers, parents) when children enter schools, typically around kindergarten. The current study examined possible sex differences in ADHD, impairment, and comorbidity due to pubertal effects, as the role of pubertal development in ADHD is understudied. ADHD symptoms, depressive symptoms, impairment, and pubertal stage were assessed annually by multiple reporters in a well-characterized community sample of 849 children over-recruited for ADHD over eight years. Ages ranged from 7 to 13 years (38.16% female) at wave 1. Multilevel models indicated that males had higher levels of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention than females, but that females had higher levels of impairment than males. Inattention symptoms did not show marked maturation changes. Hyperactivity and impulsivity declined as youth aged and impairment increased as youth aged. Lastly, depressive symptoms largely increased as youth aged and were higher amongst youth at later pubertal stages. Put together, aging and pubertal development are associated with improved ADHD symptoms but not for youth with high impairment. Findings from this study contributes to understanding the role that aging, pubertal status, and pubertal development plays in ADHD, impairment, and comorbidity in children and adolescents.
| S-EPMC10198896 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Observations of precocious (early bearing) genotypes of walnut (Juglans regia L.) under natural conditions encouraged us to study the origin and genetic control of these fascinating traits. RESULTS:In this study, the self-fertility, progeny performance, and simple sequence repeat (SSR) locus variation of iron walnut (Juglans sigillata Dode), an ecotype of J. regia, were investigated. The average self-pollinated fruit set rate of J. sigillata cv. 'Dapao' (DP) was 7.0% annually from 1979 to 1982. The average germination rate of self-pollinated seeds was 45.2% during the 4-year period. Most progeny had inbreeding depression. Nine representative self-pollinated progeny (SP1-SP9), with special or typical traits of DP, were selected. SP1-SP4 were precocious because they initiated flowers as early as 2?years after germination, compared to the 7-10-yr period that is typical of DP. SP9 had not flowered since 1980. Twelve SSR markers were used to analyze the SP and DP. The genome of SP had a tendency toward high levels of homozygosity. The high levels of homozygosity reported in 18 additional precocious walnut genotypes complemented the results of this study. CONCLUSIONS:These results provide evidence of precocious phenotypes and genomes with high levels of homozygosity that might be generated from self-pollinating walnut. This suggests that self-pollination might facilitate the generation of unique homozygous parents for subsequent use in walnut-breeding programs. The results also indicate that more attention should be focused on adequate management of precocious walnut to avoid early depression in the production of nuts.
| S-EPMC6278120 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Neuroimaging investigations of brain pathways involved in reward and motivation have primarily focused on adults. This study sought to identify brain responses to visual food cues and explore its relationships with adiposity and sex in pre-pubertal children. METHODS:Brain responses to palatable food vs. non-food cues were measured in 53 children (age: 8.18 ± .66 years; sex: 22 boys, 31 girls) after an overnight fast. Whole-brain analysis (cluster-correction Z > 2.3, P < .05) was performed to examine brain food cue reactivity and its relationships with adiposity and sex. RESULTS:Greater brain activity in response to food vs. non-food cues was observed in regions implicated in reward (orbital frontal cortex, striatum), taste (insula, postcentral gyrus), appetite (hypothalamus), emotion (amygdala), memory (hippocampus), visual processing (occipital cortex) and attention (parietal cortex). A negative association was found between percent body fat and food cue reactivity in the medial prefrontal cortex and lateral orbital frontal cortex adjusting for age and sex. Boys compared with girls had increased food cue reactivity in right hippocampus and visual cortex. CONCLUSIONS:These data suggest that body fat and sex are important moderators of brain food cue reactivity in children.
| S-EPMC6336530 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCentral precocious puberty (CPP) due to premature activation of GnRH secretion results in early epiphyseal fusion and to a significant compromise in the achieved final adult height. Currently, few genetic determinants of children with CPP have been described. In this translational study, rare sequence variants in MKRN3, DLK1, KISS1, and KISS1R genes were investigated in patients with CPP.MethodsFifty-four index girls and two index boys with CPP were first tested by Sanger sequencing for the MKRN3 gene. All children found negative (n = 44) for the MKRN3 gene were further investigated by whole exome sequencing (WES). In the latter analysis, the status of variants in genes known to be related with pubertal timing was compared with an in-house Cypriot control cohort (n = 43). The identified rare variants were initially examined by in silico computational algorithms and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Additionally, a genetic network for the MKRN3 gene, mimicking a holistic regulatory depiction of the crosstalk between MKRN3 and other genes was designed.ResultsThree previously described pathogenic MKRN3 variants located in the coding region of the gene were identified in 12 index girls with CPP. The most prevalent pathogenic MKRN3 variant p.Gly312Asp was exclusively found among the Cypriot CPP cohort, indicating a founder effect phenomenon. Seven other CPP girls harbored rare likely pathogenic upstream variants in the MKRN3. Among the 44 CPP patients submitted to WES, nine rare DLK1 variants were identified in 11 girls, two rare KISS1 variants in six girls, and two rare MAGEL2 variants in five girls. Interestingly, the frequent variant rs10407968 (p.Gly8Ter) of the KISS1R gene appeared to be less frequent in the cohort of patients with CPP.ConclusionThe results of the present study confirm the importance of the MKRN3-imprinted gene in genetics of CPP and its key role in pubertal timing. Overall, the results of the present study have emphasized the importance of an approach that aligns genetics and clinical aspects, which is necessary for the management and treatment of CPP.
| S-EPMC8498594 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between medial cortical activation and the presence of self and consciousness in healthy subjects and patients with vegetative state and minimally conscious state using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). EXPERIMENT DESIGN:We first conducted two fMRI experiments in healthy subjects to identify brain regions specifically associated with self-perception through the use of different auditory stimuli that had different grades of self-relatedness. We then applied these regions as functional localizers to examine the relationship between neural activity changes during self-relatedness and consciousness level in the patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC). PRINCIPAL OBSERVATIONS:We demonstrated recruitment of various anterior medial cortical regions including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in healthy subjects during auditory perception of self-related stimuli. We further showed that patients with DOC showed signal changes in the ACC during auditory perception of self-related stimuli. Finally, it was shown that these signal changes correlate with the level of consciousness in the patients with DOC. CONCLUSION:The degree of consciousness in patients with DOC was correlated with neural activity in the ACC induced by self-related stimuli. Our results not only shed light on the pathophysiology of DOC, but may also suggest a useful neural, and thus diagnostic, marker of the dysfunction of consciousness in vegetative patients.
| S-EPMC6870855 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundBisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental endocrine disruptor and is found in many consumer products. Studies suggest that BPA may perturb pubertal development, although evidence on BPA-influenced pubertal height growth is scarce.MethodsA total of 754 children aged 9-18 years from three schools (one elementary, one middle, and one high school) in Shanghai were included in this longitudinal study. Height was measured at enrolment (visit 1) and, subsequently, at 19 months after enrolment (visit 2). Age- and sex-specific Z scores for height were calculated (height Z score?=?[participant's height-sex- and age-specific population height mean]/sex- and age-specific population height standard deviation). Urine samples were collected at enrolment to measure BPA concentrations. We used multiple linear regression models or general estimating equation models (GEE) to estimate associations between urine BPA level and height Z score.ResultsThe geometric mean of urine BPA concentrations was 1.6??g/L (95%CI: 1.4, 1.8) or 1.2??g/g creatinine (95%CI: 1.0, 1.3). An inverse association between urine BPA level and height was observed in boys. After adjustment for potential confounders, height Z score at enrolment in boys decreased by 0.49 for the highest exposure level (above 10.9??g/g creatinine as the 90th percentile), compared with the lowest BPA exposure (below 0.2??g/g creatinine as the 25th percentile) (95%CI: -0.96, -0.01; p-trend?=?0.024). The inverse association remained between BPA exposure and height Z score at visit 2. The GEE model showed that a 1-unit increase in log10-transformed BPA concentrations was associated with a 0.15-point decrease in height Z score over the follow-up (95%CI: -0.30, -0.01). BPA was not associated with height growth in girls.ConclusionsOur findings indicate an inverse association between urine BPA level and height growth in boys. These findings need to be confirmed in further studies.
| S-EPMC6760752 | biostudies-literature