Dataset Information

Viral co-pathogens in COVID-19 acute respiratory syndrome - what did we learn from the first year of pandemic?

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To describe the distribution of respiratory pathogens and the occurrence of co-pathogens during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

We used a multiplex-PCR panel targeting 23 microorganisms to analyze oro-pharyngeal samples of patients admitted to our hospital with acute respiratory infection (ARI) between March 1st 2020 and February 28th 2021. We age and sex matched 40-50 SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative patients per month.

Results

A total of 939 patients with multiplex-PCR test results included in the study. Respiratory pathogens where detected in only 8/476 (1.6%) COVID-19 versus 87/463 (18.7%) non-COVID-19 ARI patients. Diversity and rates of pathogens vastly differed from previous years yet showed seasonal variance.

Conclusion

SARS-CoV-2 patients presenting with ARI during the first COVID-19 pandemic year demonstrated paucity of respiratory co-pathogens.

SUBMITTER: Kriger O

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8758566 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:To describe the prevalence, associated risk factors, and outcomes of serious neurologic manifestations (encephalopathy, stroke, seizure, and meningitis/encephalitis) among patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.DesignProspective observational study.SettingOne hundred seventy-nine hospitals in 24 countries within the Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study COVID-19 Registry.PatientsHospitalized adults with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.InterventionsNone.ResultsOf 16,225 patients enrolled in the registry with hospital discharge status available, 2,092 (12.9%) developed serious neurologic manifestations including 1,656 (10.2%) with encephalopathy at admission, 331 (2.0%) with stroke, 243 (1.5%) with seizure, and 73 (0.5%) with meningitis/encephalitis at admission or during hospitalization. Patients with serious neurologic manifestations of COVID-19 were older with median (interquartile range) age 72 years (61.0-81.0 yr) versus 61 years (48.0-72.0 yr) and had higher prevalence of chronic medical conditions, including vascular risk factors. Adjusting for age, sex, and time since the onset of the pandemic, serious neurologic manifestations were associated with more severe disease (odds ratio [OR], 1.49; p < 0.001) as defined by the World Health Organization ordinal disease severity scale for COVID-19 infection. Patients with neurologic manifestations were more likely to be admitted to the ICU (OR, 1.45; p < 0.001) and require critical care interventions (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: OR, 1.78; p = 0.009 and renal replacement therapy: OR, 1.99; p < 0.001). Hospital, ICU, and 28-day mortality for patients with neurologic manifestations was higher (OR, 1.51, 1.37, and 1.58; p < 0.001), and patients had fewer ICU-free, hospital-free, and ventilator-free days (estimated difference in days, -0.84, -1.34, and -0.84; p < 0.001).ConclusionsEncephalopathy at admission is common in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and is associated with worse outcomes. While serious neurologic manifestations including stroke, seizure, and meningitis/encephalitis were less common, all were associated with increased ICU support utilization, more severe disease, and worse outcomes.