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Phosphorus removal in denitrifying woodchip bioreactors varies by wood type and water chemistry.

ABSTRACT: Denitrifying woodchip bioreactors are a practical nitrogen (N) mitigation technology but evaluating the potential for bioreactor phosphorus (P) removal is highly relevant given that (1) agricultural runoff often contains N and P, (2) very low P concentrations cause eutrophication, and (3) there are few options for removing dissolved P once it is in runoff. A series of batch tests evaluated P removal by woodchips that naturally contained a range of metals known to sorb P and then three design and environmental factors (water matrix, particle size, initial dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) concentration). Woodchips with the highest aluminum and iron content provided the most dissolved P removal (13±2.5 mg DRP removed/kg woodchip). However, poplar woodchips, which had low metals content, provided the second highest removal (12±0.4 mg/kg) when they were tested with P-dosed river water which had a relatively complex water matrix. Chemical P sorption due to woodchip elements may be possible, but it is likely one of a variety of P removal mechanisms in real-world bioreactor settings. Scaling the results indicated bioreactors could remove 0.40 to 13 g DRP/ha. Woodchip bioreactor dissolved P removal will likely be small in magnitude, but any such contribution is an added-value benefit of this denitrifying technology.

SUBMITTER: Sanchez Bustamante-Bailon AP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8763764 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Denitrifying Bacteria Active in Woodchip Bioreactors at Low-Temperature Conditions.

Project description:Woodchip bioreactor technology removes nitrate from agricultural subsurface drainage by using denitrifying microorganisms. Although woodchip bioreactors have demonstrated success in many field locations, low water temperature can significantly limit bioreactor efficiency and performance. To improve bioreactor performance, it is important to identify the microbes responsible for nitrate removal at low temperature conditions. Therefore, in this study, we identified and characterized denitrifiers active at low-temperature conditions by using culture-independent and -dependent approaches. By comparative 16S rRNA (gene) analysis and culture isolation technique, Pseudomonas spp., Polaromonas spp., and Cellulomonas spp. were identified as being important bacteria responsible for denitrification in woodchip bioreactor microcosms at relatively low temperature conditions (15°C). Genome analysis of Cellulomonas sp. strain WB94 confirmed the presence of nitrite reductase gene nirK. Transcription levels of this nirK were significantly higher in the denitrifying microcosms than in the non-denitrifying microcosms. Strain WB94 was also capable of degrading cellulose and other complex polysaccharides. Taken together, our results suggest that Cellulomonas sp. denitrifiers could degrade woodchips to provide carbon source and electron donors to themselves and other denitrifiers in woodchip bioreactors at low-temperature conditions. By inoculating these denitrifiers (i.e., bioaugmentation), it might be possible to increase the nitrate removal rate of woodchip bioreactors at low-temperature conditions.

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Microbiome Structure and Function in Woodchip Bioreactors for Nitrate Removal in Agricultural Drainage Water.

Project description:Woodchip bioreactors are increasingly used to remove nitrate (NO3 -) from agricultural drainage water in order to protect aquatic ecosystems from excess nitrogen. Nitrate removal in woodchip bioreactors is based on microbial processes, but the microbiomes and their role in bioreactor efficiency are generally poorly characterized. Using metagenomic analyses, we characterized the microbiomes from 3 full-scale bioreactors in Denmark, which had been operating for 4-7 years. The microbiomes were dominated by Proteobacteria and especially the genus Pseudomonas, which is consistent with heterotrophic denitrification as the main pathway of NO3 - reduction. This was supported by functional gene analyses, showing the presence of the full suite of denitrification genes from NO3 - reductases to nitrous oxide reductases. Genes encoding for dissimilatory NO3 - reduction to ammonium were found only in minor proportions. In addition to NO3 - reducers, the bioreactors harbored distinct functional groups, such as lignocellulose degrading fungi and bacteria, dissimilatory sulfate reducers and methanogens. Further, all bioreactors harbored genera of heterotrophic iron reducers and anaerobic iron oxidizers (Acidovorax) indicating a potential for iron-mediated denitrification. Ecological indices of species diversity showed high similarity between the bioreactors and between the different positions along the flow path, indicating that the woodchip resource niche was important in shaping the microbiome. This trait may be favorable for the development of common microbiological strategies to increase the NO3 - removal from agricultural drainage water.

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Project description:Woodchip bioreactors bioaugmentation

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Influence of Plant Species on Microbial Activity and Denitrifier Population Development in Vegetated Denitrifying Wood-Chip Bioreactors.

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Project description:DPRS treated by Cd2+, Ni2+ and Cr6+. We look into the differences in metaproteome of treated reactors and the control group, and aim to find the resistance mechanisms of DPRS toward heavy metals

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Ecological Insights Into Community Interactions, Assembly Processes and Function in the Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal Activated Sludge Driven by Phosphorus Sources.

Project description:The microbial characteristics in the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) strongly affect their optimal performance and functional stability. However, a cognitive gap remains regarding the characteristics of the microbial community driven by phosphorus sources, especially co-occurrence patterns and community assembly based on phylogenetic group. In this study, 59 denitrifying phosphorus removal (DPR) activated sludge samples were cultivated with phosphorus sources. The results suggested that homogeneous selection accounted for the largest proportion that ranged from 35.82 to 64.48%. Deterministic processes dominated in 12 microbial groups (bins): Candidatus_Accumulibacter and Pseudomonas in these bins belonged to phosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs). Network analysis revealed that species interactions were intensive in cyclic nucleoside phosphate-influenced microbiota. Function prediction indicated that cyclic nucleoside phosphates increased the activity of enzymes related to denitrification and phosphorus metabolism and increased the α-diversity of microorganism but decreased the diversity of metabolic function. Based on these results, it was assumed that cyclic nucleoside phosphates, rather than inorganic phosphates, are the most available phosphorus source for majority microorganisms in DPR activated sludge. The study revealed the important role of phosphorus source in the construction and assembly of microbial communities and provided new insights about pollutant removal from WWTPs.

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A comparative study of the bacterial community in denitrifying and traditional enhanced biological phosphorus removal processes.

Project description:Denitrifying phosphorus removal is an attractive wastewater treatment process due to its reduced carbon source demand and sludge minimization potential. Two lab-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were operated in alternating anaerobic-anoxic (A-A) or anaerobic-oxic (A-O) conditions to achieve denitrifying enhanced biological phosphate removal (EBPR) and traditional EBPR. No significant differences were observed in phosphorus removal efficiencies between A-A SBR and A-O SBR, with phosphorus removal rates being 87.9% and 89.0% respectively. The community structures in denitrifying and traditional EBPR processes were evaluated by high-throughput sequencing of the PCR-amplified partial 16S rRNA genes from each sludge. The results obtained showed that the bacterial community was more diverse in A-O sludge than in A-A sludge. Taxonomy and ?-diversity analyses indicated that a significant shift occurred in the dominant microbial community in A-A sludge compared with the seed sludge during the whole acclimation phase, while a slight fluctuation was observed in the abundance of the major taxonomies in A-O sludge. One Dechloromonas-related OTU outside the 4 known Candidatus "Accumulibacter" clades was detected as the main OTU in A-A sludge at the stationary operation, while Candidatus "Accumulibacter" dominated in A-O sludge.

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Project description:There are two biological systems available for removing phosphorus from waste water, conventional phosphorus removal (CPR) and denitrifying phosphorus removal (DPR) systems, and each is characterized by the type of sludge used in the process. In this study, we compared the characteristics associated with the efficiency of carbon utilization between CPR and DPR sludge using acetate as a carbon source. For DPR sludge, the heat emitted during the phosphorus release and phosphorus uptake processes were 45.79 kJ/mol e- and 84.09 kJ/mol e-, respectively. These values were about 2 fold higher than the corresponding values obtained for CPR sludge, suggesting that much of the energy obtained from the carbon source was emitted as heat. Further study revealed a smaller microbial mass within the DPR sludge compared to CPR sludge, as shown by a lower sludge yield coefficient (0.05 gVSS/g COD versus 0.36 gVSS/g COD), a result that was due to the lower energy capturing efficiency of DPR sludge according to bioenergetic analysis. Although the efficiency of anoxic phosphorus removal was only 39% the efficiency of aerobic phosphorus removal, the consumption of carbon by DPR sludge was reduced by 27.8% compared to CPR sludge through the coupling of denitrification with dephosphatation.

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Project description:nitrogen removal bioreactors Raw sequence reads

| PRJNA559751 | ENA

Microbial consortia driving lignocellulose transformation in agricultural woodchip bioreactors

Project description:Freshwater ecosystems can be largely affected by neighboring agriculture fields where potential fertilizer nitrate run-off may leach into surrounding water bodies. To counteract this eutrophic driver, farmers often utilize denitrifying woodchip bioreactors (WBRs) in which a consortium of microorganisms convert the nitrate into nitrogen-gases in anoxia, fueled by the degradation of lignocellulose. Polysaccharide-degrading strategies have been well-described for various aerobic and anaerobic systems, including the use of carbohydrate-active enzymes, utilization of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) and other redox enzymes, as well as the use of cellulosomes and polysaccharide utilization loci. However, for denitrifying microorganisms, the lignocellulose-degrading strategies remain largely unknown. Here, we have applied a combination of enrichment techniques, gas measurements, multi-omics approaches, and amplicon sequencing of fungal ITS and procaryotic 16S rRNA genes to highlight microbial drivers for lignocellulose transformation in woodchip bioreactors with the aim to provide an in-depth characterization of the indigenous microorganisms and their active enzymes. Our findings highlight a microbial community enriched for lignocellulose-degrading denitrifiers with key players from Giesbergeria, Cellulomonas, Azonexus, and UBA5070, including polysaccharide utilization loci from Bacteroidetes. A wide substrate specificity is observed among the many expressed carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes), evidencing a swift degradation of lignocellulose, including even enzymes with auxiliary activities whose functionality is still puzzling under strict anaerobic conditions.

2024-10-21 | PXD050137 | Pride

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