Patients with primary brain tumors and COVID-19: A report from the Dutch Oncology COVID-19 Consortium.
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SUBMITTER: de Joode K
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8767900 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Aim of the studyPatients with cancer might have an increased risk for severe outcome of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To identify risk factors associated with a worse outcome of COVID-19, a nationwide registry was developed for patients with cancer and COVID-19.MethodsThis observational cohort study has been designed as a quality of care registry and is executed by the Dutch Oncology COVID-19 Consortium (DOCC), a nationwide collaboration of oncology physicians in the Netherlands. A questionnaire has been developed to collect pseudonymised patient data on patients' characteristics, cancer diagnosis and treatment. All patients with COVID-19 and a cancer diagnosis or treatment in the past 5 years are eligible.ResultsBetween March 27th and May 4th, 442 patients were registered. For this first analysis, 351 patients were included of whom 114 patients died. In multivariable analyses, age ≥65 years (p < 0.001), male gender (p = 0.035), prior or other malignancy (p = 0.045) and active diagnosis of haematological malignancy (p = 0.046) or lung cancer (p = 0.003) were independent risk factors for a fatal outcome of COVID-19. In a subgroup analysis of patients with active malignancy, the risk for a fatal outcome was mainly determined by tumour type (haematological malignancy or lung cancer) and age (≥65 years).ConclusionThe findings in this registry indicate that patients with a haematological malignancy or lung cancer have an increased risk of a worse outcome of COVID-19. During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, these vulnerable patients should avoid exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, whereas treatment adjustments and prioritising vaccination, when available, should also be considered.
| S-EPMC7540213 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Aim of the studyThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly impacted cancer care. In this study, clinical patient characteristics related to COVID-19 outcomes and advanced care planning, in terms of non-oncological treatment restrictions (e.g. do-not-resuscitate codes), were studied in patients with cancer and COVID-19.MethodsThe Dutch Oncology COVID-19 Consortium registry was launched in March 2020 in 45 hospitals in the Netherlands, primarily to identify risk factors of a severe COVID-19 outcome in patients with cancer. Here, an updated analysis of the registry was performed, and treatment restrictions (e.g. do-not-intubate codes) were studied in relation to COVID-19 outcomes in patients with cancer. Oncological treatment restrictions were not taken into account.ResultsBetween 27th March 2020 and 4th February 2021, 1360 patients with cancer and COVID-19 were registered. Follow-up data of 830 patients could be validated for this analysis. Overall, 230 of 830 (27.7%) patients died of COVID-19, and 60% of the remaining 600 patients with resolved COVID-19 were admitted to the hospital. Patients with haematological malignancies or lung cancer had a higher risk of a fatal outcome than other solid tumours. No correlation between anticancer therapies and the risk of a fatal COVID-19 outcome was found. In terms of end-of-life communication, 50% of all patients had restrictions regarding life-prolonging treatment (e.g. do-not-intubate codes). Most identified patients with treatment restrictions had risk factors associated with fatal COVID-19 outcome.ConclusionThere was no evidence of a negative impact of anticancer therapies on COVID-19 outcomes. Timely end-of-life communication as part of advanced care planning could save patients from prolonged suffering and decrease burden in intensive care units. Early discussion of treatment restrictions should therefore be part of routine oncological care, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
| S-EPMC8542445 | biostudies-literature
Project description:To investigate the role of gene expression in patients with COVID-19. Full article available at DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044497.
2023-01-30 | GSE217948 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundMalignant brain tumors (BT) are among the cancers most frequently associated with constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD), a rare childhood cancer predisposition syndrome resulting from biallelic germline mutations in mismatch repair genes. This study analyzed data from the European "Care for CMMRD" (C4CMMRD) database to describe their clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcome with the aim of improving its diagnosis/treatment.MethodsRetrospective analysis of data on patients with CMMRD and malignant BT from the C4CMMRD database up to July 2017.ResultsAmong the 87 registered patients, 49 developed 56 malignant BTs: 50 high-grade gliomas (HGG) (with giant multinucleated cells in 16/21 histologically reviewed tumors) and 6 embryonal tumors. The median age at first BT was 9.2 years [1.1-40.6], with nine patients older than 18. Twenty-seven patients developed multiple malignancies (including16 before the BT). Most patients received standard treatment, and eight patients immunotherapy for relapsed HGG. The 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 30% (95% CI: 19-45) and 22% (95% CI: 12-37) after the first BT, with worse prognosis for HGG (3-year OS = 20.5%). Six patients were alive (median follow-up 2.5 years) and 43 dead (38 deaths, 88%, were BT-related). Other CMMRD-specific features were café-au-lait macules (40/41), multiple BTs (5/15), developmental brain anomalies (11/15), and consanguinity (20/38 families).ConclusionsSeveral characteristics could help suspecting CMMRD in pediatric malignant BTs: giant cells on histology, previous malignancies, parental consanguinity, café-au-lait macules, multiple BTs, and developmental brain anomalies. The prognosis of CMMRD-associated BT treated with standard therapies is poor requiring new therapeutic up-front approaches.
| S-EPMC7212899 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Purpose: Trebananib is a first-in-class antiangiogenic peptibody (peptide-Fc fusion protein) that inhibits Angiopoietin 1 and 2. A pediatric phase 1 trial was performed to define trebananib dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D), and pharmacokinetics (PK).Experimental Design: Trebananib was administered by weekly infusion. Three dose levels (10, 15, or 30 mg/kg/dose) were evaluated using a rolling-six design. Part 2 evaluated a cohort of subjects with primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Pharmacokinetic sampling and analysis of peripheral blood biomarkers was performed during the first 4 weeks. Response was evaluated after 8 weeks. Correlative studies included angiogenic protein expression and DCE-MRI.Results: Thirty-seven subjects were enrolled (31 evaluable for toxicity) with median age 12 years (range, 2 to 21). Two of 19 evaluable non-CNS subjects developed DLT at the 30 mg/kg dose level, including venous thrombosis and pleural effusion. In the CNS cohort, 3/12 subjects developed DLT, including decreased platelet count, transient ischemic attack, and cerebral edema with headache and hydrocephalus. Other grade 3 or 4 toxicities included lymphopenia (n = 4), anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, vomiting, and hypertension (n = 1 each). Response included stable disease in 7 subjects, no partial or complete responses. Two subjects continued study treatment with prolonged stable disease for 18 cycles (neuroblastoma) and 26 cycles (anaplastic astrocytoma). Pharmacokinetics appeared linear over 3 dose levels. Correlative studies demonstrated increased PlGF and sVCAM-1, but no change in endoglin or perfusion by DCE-MRI.Conclusions: Trebananib was well tolerated in pediatric patients with recurrent or refractory solid or CNS tumors. RP2D is 30 mg/kg. Clin Cancer Res; 23(20); 6062-9. ©2017 AACR.
| S-EPMC5641249 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ImportanceThe COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect millions of people globally, with increasing reports of neurological manifestations but limited data on their incidence and associations with outcome.ObjectiveTo determine the neurological phenotypes, incidence, and outcomes among adults hospitalized with COVID-19.Design, setting, and participantsThis cohort study included patients with clinically diagnosed or laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 at 28 centers, representing 13 countries and 4 continents. The study was performed by the Global Consortium Study of Neurologic Dysfunction in COVID-19 (GCS-NeuroCOVID) from March 1 to September 30, 2020, and the European Academy of Neurology (EAN) Neuro-COVID Registry (ENERGY) from March to October 2020. Three cohorts were included: (1) the GCS-NeuroCOVID all COVID-19 cohort (n = 3055), which included consecutive hospitalized patients with COVID-19 with and without neurological manifestations; (2) the GCS-NeuroCOVID COVID-19 neurological cohort (n = 475), which comprised consecutive patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who had confirmed neurological manifestations; and (3) the ENERGY cohort (n = 214), which included patients with COVID-19 who received formal neurological consultation.ExposuresClinically diagnosed or laboratory-confirmed COVID-19.Main outcomes and measuresNeurological phenotypes were classified as self-reported symptoms or neurological signs and/or syndromes assessed by clinical evaluation. Composite incidence was reported for groups with at least 1 neurological manifestation. The main outcome measure was in-hospital mortality.ResultsOf the 3055 patients in the all COVID-19 cohort, 1742 (57%) were men, and the mean age was 59.9 years (95% CI, 59.3-60.6 years). Of the 475 patients in the COVID-19 neurological cohort, 262 (55%) were men, and the mean age was 62.6 years (95% CI, 61.1-64.1 years). Of the 214 patients in the ENERGY cohort, 133 (62%) were men, and the mean age was 67 years (95% CI, 52-78 years). A total of 3083 of 3743 patients (82%) across cohorts had any neurological manifestation (self-reported neurological symptoms and/or clinically captured neurological sign and/or syndrome). The most common self-reported symptoms included headache (1385 of 3732 patients [37%]) and anosmia or ageusia (977 of 3700 patients [26%]). The most prevalent neurological signs and/or syndromes were acute encephalopathy (1845 of 3740 patients [49%]), coma (649 of 3737 patients [17%]), and stroke (222 of 3737 patients [6%]), while meningitis and/or encephalitis were rare (19 of 3741 patients [0.5%]). Presence of clinically captured neurologic signs and/or syndromes was associated with increased risk of in-hospital death (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.99; 95% CI, 4.33-8.28) after adjusting for study site, age, sex, race, and ethnicity. Presence of preexisting neurological disorders (aOR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.80-2.75) was associated with increased risk of developing neurological signs and/or syndromes with COVID-19.Conclusions and relevanceIn this multicohort study, neurological manifestations were prevalent among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and were associated with higher in-hospital mortality. Preexisting neurological disorders were associated with increased risk of developing neurological signs and/or syndromes in COVID-19.
| S-EPMC8114143 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-BSST416 | biostudies-other
Project description:Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) comprises a large group of genetic subtypes with a favorable prognosis characterized by a TEL-AML1-fusion, hyperdiploidy (>50 chromosomes) or E2A-PBX1 fusion and a smaller group with unfavorable outcome characterized by either a BCR-ABL-fusion, MLL-rearrangement or T-ALL. About 25% of precursor B-ALL are currently genetically unclassified and have an intermediate prognosis. The present study used genome-wide strategies to reveal new biological insights and advance the prognostic classification of childhood ALL. A double-loop cross validation was used to construct a classifier based on gene expression in ALL cells from 190 newly diagnosed cases (COALL cohort, GEO GSE13425) with a prediction accuracy of 90%. T-ALL, TEL-AML1-positive, hyperdiploid and E2A-rearranged cases were identified with 100% sensitivity and ≥94% specificity. The classifier accuracy was confirmed in an independent cohort of 107 cases (87.9%, DCOG cohort, GEO GSE13351). Keywords: gene expression study for classification of ALL subtypes
2009-01-26 | GSE13351 | GEO
Project description:Abstract BACKGROUND Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) is a rare childhood cancer predisposition syndrome (OMIM#276300) due to biallelic germline mutations in MMR genes, leading to a broad spectrum of childhood malignancies including brain, hematologic and colorectal cancers associated with café-au-lait macules (CALM). METHODS Malignant brain tumors (BT) were reported in 48/78 patients (10 countries), registered in the C4MMRD database. RESULTS Overall, 55 BT (47 high-grade gliomas (HGG) and 8 embryonal tumors) were diagnosed in 48 patients between 1988-2017. Median age at the first BT was 9.1y (1.1-40.6) with 8 patients over 18y. Twenty-eight patients developed multiple malignancies (including 17 before the BT). Twenty/37 families were consanguineous. All patients had biallelic germline mutations in MMR genes: PMS2 (26pts), MSH6 (10pts), MSH2 (7pts) and MLH1 (5pts). All patients with available cutaneous data but one had CALM. In addition several patients presented developmental brain anomalies. Most patients received standard treatment before immunotherapy era, without unusual treatment-related toxicity. Median survival after the first BT was 2y. Five-year overall-survival was 23% (95%-CI, 12-41) and 45% (95%-CI, 17-76) for HGG and embryonal tumors respectively. Ten patients are alive (7 HGG and 3 medulloblastomas) at last follow-up. Among the 38 deaths, 33 patients died because of their BT (first BT=28, second BT=5) and 5 of other cancers. CONCLUSION Despite a high risk of multiple malignancies, this series suggests that some patients may be long-term survivors. Prognosis could be improved by early recognition of this rare condition leading to more specific treatments including immunotherapy and screening for second malignancies.
| S-EPMC6012064 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeWe conducted a pediatric phase I study to estimate the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), and pharmacokinetic properties of vorinostat, a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, when given in combination with temozolomide in children with refractory or recurrent CNS malignancies.Patients and methodsVorinostat, followed by temozolomide approximately 1 hour later, was orally administered, once daily, for 5 consecutive days every 28 days at three dose levels using the rolling six design. Studies of histone accumulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were performed on Day 1 at 0, 6, and 24 hours after vorinostat dosing. Vorinostat pharmacokinetics (PK) and serum MGMT promoter status were also assessed.ResultsNineteen eligible patients were enrolled and 18 patients were evaluable for toxicity. There were no DLTs observed at dose level 1 or 2. DLTs occurred in four patients at dose level 3: thrombocytopenia (4), neutropenia (3), and leucopenia (1). Non-dose limiting grade 3 or 4 toxicities related to protocol therapy were also hematologic and included neutropenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, and leucopenia. Three patients exhibited stable disease and one patient had a partial response. There was no clear relationship between vorinostat dosage and drug exposure over the dose range studied. Accumulation of acetylated H3 histone in PBMC was observed after administration of vorinostat.ConclusionFive-day cycles of vorinostat in combination with temozolomide are well tolerated in children with recurrent CNS malignancies with myelosuppression as the DLT. The recommended phase II combination doses are vorinostat, 300 mg/m(2) /day and temozolomide, 150 mg/m(2) /day.
| S-EPMC4139006 | biostudies-literature