Microservice security: a systematic literature review
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SUBMITTER: Berardi D
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8771803 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundAs familiarity with and convenience of using personal devices in hospitals help improve the productivity, efficiency, and workflow of hospital staff, the health care bring-your-own-device (BYOD) market is growing consistently. However, security concerns owing to the lack of control over the personal mobile devices of staff, which may contain sensitive data such as personal health information of patients, make it one of the biggest health care information technology (IT) challenges for hospital administrations.ObjectiveGiven that the hospital BYOD security has not been adequately addressed in peer-reviewed literature, the aim of this paper was to identify key security challenges associated with hospital BYOD usage as well as relevant solutions that can cater to the identified issues by reviewing gray literature. Therefore, this research will provide additional practical insights from current BYOD practices.MethodsA comprehensive gray literature review was conducted, which followed the stepwise guidelines and quality assessment criteria set out by Garousi et al. The searched literature included tier 1 sources such as health care cybersecurity market reports, white papers, guidelines, policies, and frameworks as well as tier 2 sources such as credible and reputed health IT magazines, databases, and news articles. Moreover, a deductive thematic analysis was conducted to organize the findings based on Schlarman's People Policy Technology model, promoting a holistic understanding of hospitals' BYOD security issues and solutions.ResultsA total of 51 sources were found to match the designed eligibility criteria. From these studies, several sociotechnical issues were identified. The major challenges identified were the use of devices with insufficient security controls by hospital staff, lack of control or visibility for the management to maintain security requirements, lack of awareness among hospital staff, lack of direction or guidance for BYOD usage, poor user experience, maintenance of legal requirements, shortage of cybersecurity skills, and loss of devices. Although technologies such as mobile device management, unified endpoint management, containerization, and virtual private network allow better BYOD security management in hospitals, policies and people management measures such as strong security culture and staff awareness and training improve staff commitment in protecting hospital data.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that to optimize BYOD security management in hospitals, all 3 dimensions of the security process (people, policy, and technology) need to be given equal emphasis. As the nature of cybersecurity attacks is becoming more complex, all dimensions should work in close alignment with each other. This means that with the modernization of BYOD technology, BYOD strategy, governance, education, and relevant policies and procedures also need to adapt accordingly.
| S-EPMC7333072 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In this paper, we carried out a systematic literature review to document the emerging scientific knowledge about COVID-19 impact on livestock systems and food security in developing countries to identify gaps and possible avenues for future research undertakings. Specifically, we systematically reviewed 68 peer-reviewed articles extracted based on rigorous selection criteria from Scopus, PubMed and ISI Web of Science databases and published between December 2019 and February 2021. Our results reveal that livestock supply chains presented an important 'intermediary' pathway through which the pandemic affected various dimensions of food security in developing countries. Although the research response has been rapid in terms of both quantity and temporal succession, we find a highly suggestive disjunction in studies analyzing the interconnections between COVID-19 pandemic, livestock systems and food security in developing countries. With respect to the livestock supply chain, the bulk of the reviewed evidence focuses on production and consumption, whereas considerably less focus is given to the pandemic's impact on intermediaries within livestock chains, including traders, intermediaries and processors. The analysis of livestock supply chain resilience revolves predominantly around the 'absorbance' and 'recovery' phases of resilience, whereas only a small subset of the literature investigates actions taken by supply chain actors to 'plan' or to 'adapt' livestock systems in order to reduce their vulnerability and enhance their overall resilience. Furthermore, food security has often been narrowly defined, with the majority of articles focusing on 'availability' and 'accessibility' to food due to the pandemic, and other dimensions of food security, including utilization, stability and sustainability, have been widely neglected. Based on our findings, we recommend future research to examine the dynamics of propagation of COVID-19 impact through livestock supply chains in order to develop more targeted interventions that enhance the capacity of developing countries to cope with this and future disruptions and mitigate their food insecurity outcomes. To this end, more holistic, integrated and resilience-based approaches are much recommended to recognize the complex nature of livestock systems in developing countries and to address the multifaceted and widespread effects of COVID-19 on food security channeled through livestock chains.
| S-EPMC8151861 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Large-scale transcriptome and methylome data analyses obtained by high-throughput technologies have been enabling the identification of novel imprinted genes. We investigated genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in multiple human tissues, using a high-resolution microarray to uncover hemimethylated CpGs located in promoters overlapping CpG islands, aiming to identify novel candidate imprinted genes. Using our approach, we recovered ~30% of the known human imprinted genes, further 168 candidates were identified, 61 of which with at least three hemimethylated CpGs shared by more than two tissue types. Thirty-four of these candidate genes are members of the protocadherins cluster on 5q31.3; in mice, protocadherin genes have non-imprinted monoallelic randomic expression, which might be the case in humans. Among the remaining 27 genes, ZNF331 was recently validated as an imprinted gene, and six of them have been reported as candidates, supporting our prediction. Five candidates (CCDC166, ARC, PLEC, TONSL and VPS28) map to 8q24.3, and might constitute a novel imprinted cluster. Additionally, we performed a comprehensive compilation of known human and mice imprinted genes from literature and databases, and a comparison among high-throughput imprinting studies in humans. The screening for hemimethylated CpGs shared by multiple human tissues, together with the extensive review, appears as a useful approach to reveal candidate imprinted genes.
2017-09-26 | GSE103413 | GEO
Project description:IntroductionUreteral endometriosis is a rare disease affecting women of childbearing age which presents with nonspecific symptoms and it may result in severe morbidity. The aim of this study was to review evidence about incidence, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of ureteral endometriosis.Materials and methodsPubMed Central database was searched to identify studies reporting cases of ureteral endometriosis. "Ureter" or "Ureteral" and "Endometriosis" were used as key words. Database was searched for articles published since 1996, in English without restrictions regarding the study design.ResultsFrom 420 studies obtained through database search, 104 articles were finally included in this review, including a total of 1384 patients with ureteral endometriosis. Data regarding age, location, pathological findings, and interventions were extracted. Mean patients' age was 38.6 years, whereas the therapeutic arsenal included hormonal, endoscopic, and/or surgical treatment.ConclusionsUreteral endometriosis represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the clinicians and high clinical suspicion is needed to identify it.
| S-EPMC5635667 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Defining protein composition is a key step in understanding the function of both healthy and diseased biological systems. There is currently little consensus between existing published proteomes in tissues such as the aorta, cartilage and organs such as skin. Lack of agreement as to both the number and identity of proteins may be due to issues in protein extraction, sensitivity/specificity of detection and the use of disparate tissue/cell sources. Here, we developed a method combining bioinformatics and systematic review to screen >32M articles from the Web of Science for evidence of proteins in healthy human skin. The resulting Manchester Proteome ( www.manchesterproteome.manchester.ac.uk ) collates existing evidence which characterises 2,948 skin proteins, 437 unique to our database and 2011 evidenced by both mass spectrometry and immune-based techniques. This approach circumvents the limitations of individual proteomics studies and can be applied to other species, organs, cells or disease-states. Accurate tissue proteomes will aid development of engineered constructs and offer insight into disease treatments by highlighting differences in proteomic composition.
| S-EPMC5765030 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a psychotherapeutic approach that has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) through several randomized controlled trials (RCT). Solid evidence shows that traumatic events can contribute to the onset of severe mental disorders and can worsen their prognosis. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the most important findings from RCT conducted in the treatment of comorbid traumatic events in psychosis, bipolar disorder, unipolar depression, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, and chronic back pain. Methods: Using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus, we conducted a systematic literature search of RCT studies published up to December 2016 that used EMDR therapy in the mentioned psychiatric conditions. Results: RCT are still scarce in these comorbid conditions but the available evidence suggests that EMDR therapy improves trauma-associated symptoms and has a minor effect on the primary disorders by reaching partial symptomatic improvement. Conclusions: EMDR therapy could be a useful psychotherapy to treat trauma-associated symptoms in patients with comorbid psychiatric disorders. Preliminary evidence also suggests that EMDR therapy might be useful to improve psychotic or affective symptoms and could be an add-on treatment in chronic pain conditions.
| S-EPMC5623122 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo provide a systematic review of the clinical and radiological features of lesion-induced central positional nystagmus (CPN) and identify salient characteristics that differentiate central from peripheral positional nystagmus (PN).MethodsSystematic literature search according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 82 patients from 28 studies met the participants intervention, comparison, outcomes, and study designs criteria for inclusion. An atypical direction of nystagmus for the stimulated canal was reported in 97.5% patients during Dix-Hallpike (D-H) and 54.5% upon supine roll testing. Five types of CPNs were identified during positional testing: positional horizontal nystagmus (pHN) (36.8%), positional downbeating nystagmus (pDBN) (29.2%), positional torsional nystagmus (pTN) (2.1%), positional upbeating nystagmus (pUBN) (2.1%), and a combination of the four profiles (29.9%). CPN was paroxysmal (<60 s) in 85% patients on straight head hanging (SHH), 63.9% on D-H, and 37.5% on supine roll, and had a latency <3 s upon positioning in 94.7% patients in which it was reported. Concurrent vertigo was reportedly present in 63.4% patients and 48.8% demonstrated other neurological signs. Radiologically, in 74.4%, there was mention of cerebellar involvement, isolated brainstem involvement in 8.5%, and 14.6% involved the fourth ventricle.ConclusionCurrently, there is a lack of robust data on the clinical and radiological characteristics of CPN highlighting the need for better phenotyping of CPN to help differentiate this entity from peripheral causes of PN. With increased awareness of CPN, particularly in the acute setting, we may see a change in the estimated prevalence of CPN and improved clinical markers to promptly identify the frequently sinister underlying causes.
| S-EPMC5397512 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Giant arachnoid granulations (GAGs) are minimally investigated. Here, we systematically review the available data in published reports to better understand their etiologies, nomenclature, and clinical significance. In the literature, 195 GAGs have been documented in 169 persons of varied ages (range, 0.33 to 91 years; mean, 43 ± 20 years; 54% female). Prior reports depict intrasinus (i.e., dural venous sinus, DVS) (84%), extrasinus (i.e., diploic or calvarial) (15%), and mixed (1%) GAG types that exhibit pedunculated, sessile, or vermiform morphologies. GAG size ranged from 0.4 to 6 cm in maximum dimension (mean, 1.9 ± 1.1 cm) and encompassed symptomatic or non-symptomatic enlarged arachnoid granulations (≥1 cm) as well as symptomatic subcentimeter arachnoid granulations. A significant difference was identified in mean GAG size between sex (females, 1.78 cm; males, 3.39 cm; p < 0.05). The signs and symptoms associated with GAGs varied and include headache (19%), sensory change(s) (11%), and intracranial hypertension (2%), among diverse and potentially serious sequelae. Notably, brain herniation was present within 38 GAGs (22%). Among treated individuals, subsets were managed medically (19 persons, 11%), surgically (15 persons, 9%), and/or by endovascular DVS stenting (7 persons, 4%). Histologic workup of 53 (27%) GAG cases depicted internal inflammation (3%), cystic change consistent with fluid accumulation (2%), venous thrombosis (1%), hemorrhage (1%), meningothelial hyperplasia (1%), lymphatic vascular proliferation (1%), and lymphatic vessel obliteration (1%). This review emphasizes heterogeneity in GAG subtypes, morphology, composite, location, symptomatology, and imaging presentations. Additional systematic investigations are needed to better elucidate the pathobiology, clinical effects, and optimal diagnostic and management strategies for enlarged and symptomatic arachnoid granulation subtypes, as different strategies and size thresholds are likely applicable for medical, interventional, and/or surgical treatment of these structures in distinct brain locations.
| S-EPMC10455743 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundInformation and communication technology (ICT) has transformed the health care field worldwide. One of the main drivers of this change is the electronic health record (EHR). However, there are still open issues and challenges because the EHR usually reflects the partial view of a health care provider without the ability for patients to control or interact with their data. Furthermore, with the growth of mobile and ubiquitous computing, the number of records regarding personal health is increasing exponentially. This movement has been characterized as the Internet of Things (IoT), including the widespread development of wearable computing technology and assorted types of health-related sensors. This leads to the need for an integrated method of storing health-related data, defined as the personal health record (PHR), which could be used by health care providers and patients. This approach could combine EHRs with data gathered from sensors or other wearable computing devices. This unified view of patients' health could be shared with providers, who may not only use previous health-related records but also expand them with data resulting from their interactions. Another PHR advantage is that patients can interact with their health data, making decisions that may positively affect their health.ObjectiveThis work aimed to explore the recent literature related to PHRs by defining the taxonomy and identifying challenges and open questions. In addition, this study specifically sought to identify data types, standards, profiles, goals, methods, functions, and architecture with regard to PHRs.MethodsThe method to achieve these objectives consists of using the systematic literature review approach, which is guided by research questions using the population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and context (PICOC) criteria.ResultsAs a result, we reviewed more than 5000 scientific studies published in the last 10 years, selected the most significant approaches, and thoroughly surveyed the health care field related to PHRs. We developed an updated taxonomy and identified challenges, open questions, and current data types, related standards, main profiles, input strategies, goals, functions, and architectures of the PHR.ConclusionsAll of these results contribute to the achievement of a significant degree of coverage regarding the technology related to PHRs.
| S-EPMC5251169 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundChronic Achilles Tendinopathy is a common condition that can be challenging to treat. There are many modalities used as treatment ranging from physiotherapy, injections, shockwave therapy to surgical intervention. Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) has increased in popularity recently as a treatment option for Achilles Tendinopathy. It contains growth factors that might accelerate healing and speed up the recovery of this condition. Many studies have been conducted in the last few years to assess the effectiveness of this treatment method. However, there was controversy as to whether PRP had a beneficial effect on chronic Achille tendinopathy.AimThis systematic review of the literature was conducted to ascertain the efficacy of Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) as a treatment option in chronic Achilles tendinopathy.MethodsPRISMA reporting item for systematic review has been used to conduct the selection, Electronic databases included PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane collaborate, Google scholar, the web of science and Cochrane Library were searched for all RCT, prospective and retrospective studies conducted between January 2010 to February 2019. The quality of each study was evaluated using the Oxford CEBM tool to assess the articles for validity, relevance, and applicability of the results. A total number of 288 were found, and only 11 met the inclusion criteria.Results5 Randomised control trials, 4 prospective and 2 retrospective cohort study were included in this systematic review. A total number of 406 patients were treated for non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy of which 230 patients had PRP local injection under Ultrasound guide.ConclusionAlthough many of the retrospective studies suggested an advantage of using PRP, the higher level of evidence studies do not support a significant efficacy. This systematic review showed very promising results from the use of Platelet Rich Plasma demonstrated by a significant improvement in the VAST-A score, but we certainly need decent size randomised control trials to show better and more accurate results.
| S-EPMC7298400 | biostudies-literature