COVID-19 onslaught is masking the 2021 dengue outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Hossain MS
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8775334 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
COVID-19 onslaught is masking the 2021 dengue outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Hossain Mohammad Sorowar MS Amin Robed R Mosabbir Abdullah Al AA
PLoS neglected tropical diseases 20220120 1
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Project description:ObjectivesDengue fever is a significant global health concern, especially in tropical regions, including Bangladesh, which reported 316,773 cases and 1652 deaths in 2023. This study intends to explore the circulating serotypes of the dengue virus (DENV) and their clinical associations across Bangladesh.MethodsThe study enrolled 1317 febrile patients presenting with at least two symptoms (nausea or vomiting, rash, aches and pains, positive tourniquet test, and leukopenia) at Dhaka Medical College and Hospital (DMCH) between July and August 2023. They provided demographic data, clinical features, and blood samples. DENV was tested using a rapid detection test and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.ResultsOf 1317 patients, 300 (23%) tested positive by rapid detection test and 775 (59%) by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The median age of participants was 20 years, with 61% of confirmed cases being male. The DENV-2 serotype was found in 88%, DENV-3 in 12%, and only one was found positive for DENV-4. Overall, 80 percent of dengue-positive cases showed warning signs (abdominal tenderness, persistent vomiting, rash, and bleeding). The severity of cases was significantly higher with DENV-2.ConclusionsThis study generates insights into the distribution of dengue serotypes and their association with disease severity. The DENV-2 was found as the dominant serotype in the 2023 outbreak.
| S-EPMC11914756 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCo-infection of dengue and COVID-19 has increased the health burden worldwide. We found a significant knowledge gap in epidemiology and risk factors of co-infection in Bangladesh.MethodsThis study included 2458 participants from Dhaka city from 1 December 2021 to November 30 2023. We performed the Kruskal-Wallis test and χ2 test. Multivariable logistic regression was also performed.ResultsCo-infection of dengue and COVID-19 was found among 31% of the participants. Coprevalence of dengue and COVID-19 was found in higher frequency in Jatrabari (14%) and Motijhil (11%). Severe (65%, P = .001) and very severe (78%, P = .005) symptoms were prevalent among the participants aged >50 years. Long-term illness was prevalent among the participants with co-infection (35%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 33-36) and COVID-19 (28%; 95% CI, 26-30). Co-infected participants had a higher frequency of heart damage (31.6%, P = .005), brain fog (22%, P = .03), and kidney damage (49.3%, P = .001). Fever (100%) was the most prevalent symptom followed by weakness (89.6%), chills (82.4%), fatigue (81.4%), headache (80.6%), feeling thirsty (76.3%), myalgia (75%), pressure in the chest (69.1%), and shortness of breath (68.3%), respectively. Area of residence (odds ratio [OR], 2.26; 95% CI, 1.96-2.49, P = .01), number of family members (OR, 1.45; 95% CI ,1.08-1.87; P <.001), and population density (OR, 2.43; 95% CI, 2.15-3.01; P = .001) were associated with higher odds of co-infection. We found that coinfected participants had a 4 times higher risk of developing severe health conditions (OR, 4.22; 95% CI, 4.11-4.67; P = .02).ConclusionsThis is one of the early epidemiologic studies of co-infection of dengue and COVID-19 in Bangladesh.
| S-EPMC11839405 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC7444497 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundDuring the 2023-dengue outbreak in Bangladesh, a diagnostic evaluation study was conducted to investigate concurrent Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) transmission in Dhaka in 2023.AimsThe study explored to simultaneously detect the presence of ZIKV, DENV, and/or CHIKV while considering relevant clinical and epidemiological risk factors, using a real-time multiplex RT-PCR system. Following this, it was planned to sequence the selected samples to identify genetic variations of the ZIKV infections within the population.MethodsThis study was designed as a diagnostic evaluation, where participants meeting the inclusion criteria were prospectively recruited with written informed consent. A total of 399 febrile individuals were screened, with 185 meeting the inclusion criteria of having a fever onset within 2-5 days, along with one of the following clinical features, e.g. headache, myalgia, arthralgia or bone pain, rash, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea and 152 undergoing real-time RT-PCR testing.ResultsFive ZIKV-positive cases were identified, including one DENV-ZIKV co-infection. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the ZIKV strains were part of the Asian lineage, closely related to Cambodian and Chinese strains from 2019. All ZIKV-positive cases were male, residing within a one-kilometer radius, with no prior travel history, suggesting community-level transmission.ConclusionThis study marks the first identification of ZIKV in Dhaka city and the first report of ZIKV-DENV co-infection in Bangladesh that highlights the diagnostic challenges posed by the symptomatic similarities between ZIKV and other arboviruses and underscores the need for enhanced surveillance and public health interventions to mitigate the spread and impact of ZIKV in dengue-endemic regions.
| S-EPMC11813092 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundDengue virus (DENV) activity has been reported in Dhaka, Bangladesh since the early 1960s with the greatest burden of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever cases observed in 2000. Since this time, the intensity of dengue activity has varied from year to year, and its determining factors remained relatively unknown. In light of such gaps in knowledge, the main objectives of this study were to determine the magnitude of seroprevalence and seroconversion among the surveyed population, and establish the individual/household level risk factors for the presence of DENV antibodies among all age groups of target populations in the city of Dhaka.Methodology/principal findingsConsidering the lack of fine scale investigations on the factors driving dengue activity in Bangladesh, a prospective cohort study involving serological surveys was undertaken with participant interviews and blood donation across the city of Dhaka in 2012. Study participants were recruited from 12 of 90 wards and blood samples were collected during both the pre-monsoon (n = 1125) and post-monsoon (n = 600) seasons of 2012. The findings revealed that the seroprevalence in all pre-monsoon samples was 80.0% (900/1125) while the seropositivity in the pre-monsoon samples that had paired post-monsoon samples was 83.3% (503/600). Of the 97 paired samples that were negative at the pre-monsoon time point, 56 were positive at the post-monsoon time point. This resulted in a seroprevalence of 93.2% (559/600) among individuals tested during the post-monsoon period. Seroprevalence trended higher with age with children exhibiting a lower seropositivity as compared to adults. Results from this study also indicated that DENV strains were the only flaviviruses circulating in Dhaka in 2012. A multivariate analysis revealed that age, possession of indoor potted plants, and types of mosquito control measures were significant factors associated with DENV seroprevalence; while attendance in public/mass gatherings, and use of mosquito control measures were significantly associated with DENV seroconversion after adjusting for all other variables.Conclusions/significanceOur study suggests that there is a high level of endemic dengue virus circulation in the city of Dhaka which has resulted in significant DENV seroprevalence among its residents. Seropositivity increased with age, however, a substantial proportion of children are at risk for DENV infections. Our serological analysis also documents considerable DENV seroconversion among study participants which indicates that a large proportion of the population in the city of Dhaka were newly exposed to DENV during the study period (pre-and post-monsoon 2012). High levels of seroconversion suggest that there was an intense circulation of DENV in 2012 and this may have resulted in a significant risk for viral associated illness. Findings of our study further indicated that home-based interventions, such as removing indoor potted plants and increased bed net use, in addition to vector control measures in public parks, would reduce exposure to DENV and further decrease risk of viral associated disease.
| S-EPMC5380355 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Dengue, the most important mosquito-borne viral disease of humans is a recurring global health problem. In Bangladesh, dengue outbreaks are on the increase despite the efforts of government and it is not clear what the understanding of the general Dhaka population towards dengue fever is. Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) studies are essential guides in public health interventions. Hence, using KAP, this study aims to assess patient-perspectives with regards to factors associated with dengue, as well as investigate the associated factors between the two corporations in Dhaka. A Hospital-based cross-sectional study of 242 fever patients from two city-corporations in Dhaka (Dhaka North City Corporations, DNCC (n = 91, 37.6%) and Dhaka South City Corporation, DSCC (n = 151, 62.4%) was conducted using pre-tested KAP items. Wilcoxon's Rank Sum was used to determine the KAP by DNCC, DSCC and both corporations and multivariate Poisson regression analyses. The two corporations were analysed separately due to the differences in income distribution, concentration of slums, hospitals and clinics. The study found that more than half of the study population were knowledgeable about dengue (mean percentage scores was 52%), possess an appropriate and acceptable attitude towards the disease (69.2%), and about two thirds of the respondents (71.4%) engaged in practices towards its prevention. After adjusting for the potential cofounders, the factors associated with KAP about dengue fever varied between DNCC and DSCC; with duration of residency and use of mosquito nets were associated with knowledge in the north while income class and age were associated with knowledge and attitude in the south. In the pooled analysis (combining both corporations), knowledge of dengue was associated with good practice towards dengue fever among the respondents. The duration of residence in Dhaka (10+ years), not using mosquito nets and length of time spent in the hospital (7+ days) due to dengue, and decreased knowledge (Adjusted coefficient (β) = -0.01, 95%CI: -0.02, -0.01) were associated with attitude towards dengue in DNCC. On the other hand, middle-high income class, age (40+ years) and increased knowledge were associated with practice towards dengue in DSCC (β = 0.02, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.03). Efforts to increase knowledge about dengue fever through education by the administrations of both corporations would benefit from targeting these high-risk groups for a more sustainable outcome.
| S-EPMC8009423 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Dengue virus (DENV) that caused an outbreak in Dhaka, Bangladesh during 2018 was analysed phylogenetically. DENV samples were classified into type 2-Cosmopolitan genotype (54%) and type 3-genotype I (46%), indicating co-circulation of two DENV types and resurgence of type 3 associated with genotype replacement.
| S-EPMC6940688 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Dengue has been regularly reported in Dhaka, Bangladesh, since a large outbreak in 2000. However, to date, we have limited information on the seasonal distribution of dengue disease and how case distribution correlates with climate. Here, we analyzed dengue cases detected at a private diagnostic facility in Dhaka during 2010-2014. We calculated Pearson cross-correlation coefficients to examine the relationship between the timing of cases and both rainfall and temperature. There were 2,334 cases diagnosed during the study period with 76% over the age of 15 years. Cases were reported in every month of the study; however, 90% of cases occurred between June and November. Increases in rainfall were correlated with increases in cases 2 months later (correlation of 0.7). The large proportion of adult cases is consistent with substantial population susceptibility and suggests Dhaka remains at risk for outbreaks. Although cases occurred year-round, public health preparedness should be focused during peak months.
| S-EPMC4889757 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC10278332 | biostudies-literature