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Seed priming with selenium: Effects on germination, seedling growth, biochemical attributes, and grain yield in rice growing under flooding conditions.

ABSTRACT: Prevalent irregular rainfall, flooding for weed control, and unleveled fields in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River all contribute to flooding stress on germination and growth of direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.). Herein, some experiments were conducted so as to assess the effects of seed priming with selenium (Se) on the germination and growth of rice under hypoxia. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized factorial design with two factors and five replicates. Factors included Se concentration (0, 30, and 60 μmol/L) and duration of flooding stress (0, 2, 4, and 8 days). The experimental results showed that Se accelerated seed germination and increased emergence index and final emergence percentage. Additionally, Se increased shoot and root lengths and dry weights, but high Se concentration (60 μmol/L) reduced 18-day-old seedling dry weight under long-term flooding (8 days). Furthermore, Se reduced malondialdehyde content and increased starch hydrolysis efficiency in seeds, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities and seedling soluble protein and total chlorophyll contents. Se improved seedling total Se and organic Se contents while increasing total dry weight and yield. Notably, the highest yield was obtained after a 4-day flooding period. Although Se priming favored rice seedling emergence and growth under flooding conditions, Se concentrations equal or above 60 μmol/L increased the risk of seedling death during long-term flooding (≥8 days).

SUBMITTER: Hu FQ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8776355 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundSeed germination and seedling growth constitute the first stage of a plant's life cycle for crop establishment. Arthrocnemum Moq. is a halophyte of the subfamily Salicornioideae (Amaranthaceae), which could be recognized in the foreseeable future as an emerging candidate in applied biosaline agricultural programs, mainly due to the large biomass it represents in coastal and inland saltmarshes, in addition to its interesting nutritional and pharmacological properties. However, to ensure their subsequent use as a crop, it is necessary to optimize their germination through appropriate seed priming treatments. The main goal of this work was to seek the optimization of Arthrocnemum germination process using different pretreatments: exposure to sodium chloride (100 to 1200 mM) in the dark and its subsequent transferred to distilled water separately and together with the combination of pH (5, 7, 9), salinity (0, 100, 200 mM NaCl), and iron conditions (0, 200, 400 µM FeSO4). The experiments were tested on six samples of two different species: A. meridionale (from Tunisia) and A. macrostachyum (from Spain).ResultsSalinity priming of seeds for 15 days in darkness improved germination percentages by almost 25% at 600 mM NaCl, in both Tunisian and Spanish species. However, keeping seeds at different salt concentrations for 30 days produced higher improvement percentages at lower concentrations in A. meridionale (100-200 mM NaCl), while in A. macrostachyum the highest improvement percentages were obtained at 600 mM NaCl (percentage improvement of 47%). When the dark time period is reduced to 5 days at higher salt concentrations, the greater germination percentages were reached in all the samples at the concentration of 800 mM NaCl, increasing the improvement of germination between 17 and 50%. Finally, the conditions of pH = 7, pretreatment in darkness at 800 mM NaCl and 400 µM or iron, turned out to be an effective medium for seed germination.ConclusionsTherefore, before using Arthrocnemum seeds in applied biotechnological programs, a seed priming treatment based on prior exposure to high salt concentrations (600-1000 mM NaCl) is recommended in order to maximize germination percentages.

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Seed priming with selenium: Effects on germination, seedling growth, biochemical attributes, and grain yield in rice growing under flooding conditions.

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