Unknown

Dataset Information

0

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans as the Aetiological Cause of Rheumatoid Arthritis: What Are the Unsolved Puzzles?


ABSTRACT: Leukotoxin A (LtxA) is the major virulence factor of an oral bacterium known as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa). LtxA is associated with elevated levels of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. LtxA targets leukocytes and triggers an influx of extracellular calcium into cytosol. The current proposed model of LtxA-mediated hypercitrullination involves the dysregulated activation of peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) enzymes to citrullinate proteins, the release of hypercitrullinated proteins through cell death, and the production of autoantigens recognized by ACPA. Although model-based evidence is yet to be established, its interaction with the host's immune system sparked interest in the role of LtxA in RA. The first part of this review summarizes the current knowledge of Aa and LtxA. The next part highlights the findings of previous studies on the association of Aa or LtxA with RA aetiology. Finally, we discuss the unresolved aspects of the proposed link between LtxA of Aa and RA.

SUBMITTER: Looh SC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8777676 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

altmetric image

Publications

<i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i> as the Aetiological Cause of Rheumatoid Arthritis: What Are the Unsolved Puzzles?

Looh Sung Cheng SC   Soo Zoey May Pheng ZMP   Wong Jia Jia JJ   Yam Hok Chai HC   Chow Sook Khuan SK   Hwang Jung Shan JS  

Toxins 20220111 1


Leukotoxin A (LtxA) is the major virulence factor of an oral bacterium known as <i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i> (<i>Aa</i>). LtxA is associated with elevated levels of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. LtxA targets leukocytes and triggers an influx of extracellular calcium into cytosol. The current proposed model of LtxA-mediated hypercitrullination involves the dysregulated activation of peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) enzymes to c  ...[more]

Similar Datasets

| S-EPMC10829364 | biostudies-literature
| S-EPMC5384717 | biostudies-literature
| S-EPMC4700661 | biostudies-literature
| S-EPMC3405016 | biostudies-literature
| S-EPMC4305030 | biostudies-literature
| S-EPMC4575117 | biostudies-literature
| PRJNA183945 | ENA
| PRJNA170124 | ENA
| PRJNA560478 | ENA
| PRJNA283810 | ENA