Dataset Information

Congenital muscular dystrophy in a dog with a LAMA2 gene deletion.

ABSTRACT: A 2-year-old female spayed dog was presented with a chronic history of short-strided gait and inability to completely open the jaw. Clinical signs were present since the dog was adopted from a humane society at a few months of age. Serum creatine kinase activity was abnormally high. Neurological examination, electromyography, muscle biopsies with immunofluorescent staining, and whole genome sequencing (WGS) were performed. A dystrophic phenotype was identified histologically in muscle biopsies, deficiency of laminin α2 protein was confirmed by immunofluorescent staining, and a deletion in the LAMA2 gene was identified by analysis of the WGS data. Congenital muscular dystrophy associated with a disease variant in LAMA2 was identified.

SUBMITTER: Shelton GD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8783360 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Congenital muscular dystrophy in a dog with a LAMA2 gene deletion.

Shelton G Diane GD Minor Katie M KM Thomovsky Stephanie S Guo Ling T LT Friedenberg Steven G SG Cullen Jonah N JN Mickelson James R JR

Journal of veterinary internal medicine 20211202 1

A 2-year-old female spayed dog was presented with a chronic history of short-strided gait and inability to completely open the jaw. Clinical signs were present since the dog was adopted from a humane society at a few months of age. Serum creatine kinase activity was abnormally high. Neurological examination, electromyography, muscle biopsies with immunofluorescent staining, and whole genome sequencing (WGS) were performed. A dystrophic phenotype was identified histologically in muscle biopsies, ...[more]

PMID: 34854126

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Project description:LAMA2-deficient congenital muscular dystrophy (LAMA2-CMD) is a severe neuromuscular disorder caused by LAMA2 mutations, leading to muscle degeneration, chronic inflammation, and fibrosis. Histopathological assessment of muscle biopsies from LAMA2-CMD patients and mouse models show clear evidence of inflammation, which oftentimes are regarded as one of the typical dystrophic hallmarks. However, the composition of immune cells in the laminin-deficient muscles remain understood. Consequently, targeted pharmacological intervention to reduce inflammation has never been tested. In this study, we characterized the immune landscape in dyW mouse model of LAMA2-CMD using RNA sequencing and flow cytometry. Transcriptomic analysis of dyW quadriceps identified 2,143 differentially expressed genes, with most of the upregulated genes belong to immune-related pathways. Lgals3 (Galectin-3) was significantly upregulated (log₂FC = 4.27, FDR p-value= 9.21x10-88) and identified as a key upstream regulator of the immune-related pathways. In parallel, flow cytometry analysis revealed elevated leukocyte (CD45⁺) infiltration, with macrophages as the predominant cell population. Pro-inflammatory (M1) macrophages were increased, whereas anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages remained low, indicating persistent inflammation and impaired resolution. Interestingly, Galectin-3+ macrophages were significantly enriched, which strongly suggest that Galectin-3 drives inflammation in LAMA2-CMD. Treatment of dyW mice with TD-139, a Galectin-3 inhibitor, reduced leukocyte infiltration, decreased Galectin-3+ macrophages, and shifted macrophage polarization toward an M2 anti-inflammatory profile. In addition, RNA sequencing of TD-139-treated dyW muscles showed upregulation of muscle repair pathways and downregulation of fibrosis-related genes. These findings establish Galectin-3-expressing macrophages as an important player in LAMA2-CMD pathophysiology. Importantly, it warrants further investigation on the therapeutic potential of TD-139-mediated inhibition of Galectin-3, including long-term preclinical study, in LAMA2-CMD and potentially other dystrophic conditions driven by chronic immune activation.

Project description:BackgroundLAMA2-related muscular dystrophy (LAMA2-MD) and SELENON-related myopathy (SELENON-RM) are two rare neuromuscular diseases characterized by proximal and axial muscle weakness, scoliosis, spinal rigidity, low bone quality and respiratory impairment. Cardiac involvement has previously been described in retrospective studies and case reports, but large case series and prospective studies in unselected cohorts are lacking.ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to conduct prevalence estimations, perform cardiac phenotyping, and provide recommendations for clinical care.MethodsIn this case series including two time points, we conducted comprehensive assessments with electrocardiography (ECG) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). ECGs were systematically assessed for a large subset of variables. TTE included left and right ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF/RVEF) and left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS), the latter being a more early and sensitive marker of left ventricular dysfunction.Results21 LAMA2-MD (M = 5; 20±14 years) and 10 SELENON-RM patients (M = 7; 18±12 years) were included. In most patients, QRS fragmentation and Q waves, markers of heterogeneous ventricular activation, were present both at baseline and at follow-up. GLS was abnormal (age specific in children, > -18% in adults) in 33% of LAMA2-MD and 43% of SELENON-RM patients at baseline. Reduced LVEF (<52% in males, <54% in females and <55% in pediatric population) was observed in three LAMA2-MD patients at baseline and in none of the SELENON-RM patients. GLS and LVEF did not change between baseline and follow-up. RVEF was normal in all patients.ConclusionECG abnormalities and abnormal GLS are prevalent in LAMA2-MD and SELENON-RM, yet abnormal LVEF was only seen in LAMA2-MD patients. One LAMA2-MD patient had a clinically relevant deterioration in LVEF during 1.5-year follow-up. We advise routine screening of all patients with LAMA2-MD or SELENON-RM with ECG and echocardiography at diagnosis, minimally every two years from second decade of life and if new cardiac signs arise.

Dataset Information

Congenital muscular dystrophy in a dog with a LAMA2 gene deletion.

Publications

Congenital muscular dystrophy in a dog with a LAMA2 gene deletion.

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