Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

19 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Volatile-consuming reactions fracture rocks and self-accelerate fluid flow in the lithosphere.

ABSTRACT: Hydration and carbonation reactions within the Earth cause an increase in solid volume by up to several tens of vol%, which can induce stress and rock fracture. Observations of naturally hydrated and carbonated peridotite suggest that permeability and fluid flow are enhanced by reaction-induced fracturing. However, permeability enhancement during solid-volume-increasing reactions has not been achieved in the laboratory, and the mechanisms of reaction-accelerated fluid flow remain largely unknown. Here, we present experimental evidence of significant permeability enhancement by volume-increasing reactions under confining pressure. The hydromechanical behavior of hydration of sintered periclase [MgO + H₂O → Mg(OH)₂] depends mainly on the initial pore-fluid connectivity. Permeability increased by three orders of magnitude for low-connectivity samples, whereas it decreased by two orders of magnitude for high-connectivity samples. Permeability enhancement was caused by hierarchical fracturing of the reacting materials, whereas a decrease was associated with homogeneous pore clogging by the reaction products. These behaviors suggest that the fluid flow rate, relative to reaction rate, is the main control on hydromechanical evolution during volume-increasing reactions. We suggest that an extremely high reaction rate and low pore-fluid connectivity lead to local stress perturbations and are essential for reaction-induced fracturing and accelerated fluid flow during hydration/carbonation.

SUBMITTER: Uno M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8784132 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Strength of shear bands in fluid-saturated rocks: a nonlinear effect of competition between dilation and fluid flow.

Project description:This study shows the significant and nonlinear effect of the competition between dilation and fluid flow on the shear strength of constrained shear bands in fluid-saturated rocks. This effect is conditioned by the contribution of the pore pressure to the yield stress and strength. The pore pressure is controlled by the dilation of the pore space in the solid skeleton of the shear band during plastic deformation and by squeezing of pores in surrounding blocks by the dilating shear band due to the high stiffness of the host massif. A generalized equation has been derived to describe the dependence of the shear band strength on the ratio of strain rate to fluid flow rate.

| S-EPMC5780515 | biostudies-literature

Compressional wave velocity measurements on mafic-ultramafic rocks under high aqueous fluid pressure and temperature help to explain low-velocity zones in the lithosphere.

Project description:Deep seismic studies have revealed that low-velocity zones mainly occurred in the continental lithosphere at the depth of 100-150 km. Their origin has not been clearly explained yet. The article demonstrates the possible scale of Vp changes in crystalline rocks of different composition. The conclusions were made on the basis of the comprehensive analysis of the experimental data obtained by the authors. The compressional wave velocities in the temperature range from 20 to 800 °C, both in dry conditions (at pressure of 600 MPa) and in the presence of aqueous fluid (at pressure of 300 MPa) were measured. It is shown that the most significant decrease of velocities (by ~ 3 km/s) in the temperature range of 400-700 °C, corresponding to the deep waveguides of the lithospheric mantle, occurs under water pressure in ultramafic rocks enriched by olivine (dunites). Such decrease is due to rock structure changes caused by olivine serpentinization reactions. It is assumed that serpentinization and/or formation of similar hydrous minerals, which are stable in a wide range of PT-conditions in olivine-rich mantle rocks due to the influence of deep fluids, may cause low-velocities zones in the upper mantle at depths of about 100 km.

| S-EPMC8239040 | biostudies-literature

Approaching a universal scaling relationship between fracture stiffness and fluid flow.

Project description:A goal of subsurface geophysical monitoring is the detection and characterization of fracture alterations that affect the hydraulic integrity of a site. Achievement of this goal requires a link between the mechanical and hydraulic properties of a fracture. Here we present a scaling relationship between fluid flow and fracture-specific stiffness that approaches universality. Fracture-specific stiffness is a mechanical property dependent on fracture geometry that can be monitored remotely using seismic techniques. A Monte Carlo numerical approach demonstrates that a scaling relationship exists between flow and stiffness for fractures with strongly correlated aperture distributions, and continues to hold for fractures deformed by applied stress and by chemical erosion as well. This new scaling relationship provides a foundation for simulating changes in fracture behaviour as a function of stress or depth in the Earth and will aid risk assessment of the hydraulic integrity of subsurface sites.

| S-EPMC4754337 | biostudies-literature

Cellular reactions to long-term volatile organic compound (VOC) exposures.

Project description:A549 cells were grown at air liquid interphase (ALI) and exposed to airborne formaldehyde for three days. An exposure platform was developed for this purpose, which provided the volatile analyte in a humidified atmosphere. The platform was composed of a reference and an exposure chamber. Treatments/ Sample code: (A) 0 ppm (not = no treatment) in the exposure chamber and control cells in the reference chamber (co); (B) 0.1 ppm (01 FA) in the exposure chamber and control cells in the reference chamber (co); and (C) 0.5 ppm (05FA) in the exposure chamber and control cells in the reference chamber (co)

2016-12-05 | GSE76790 | GEO

Deep terrestrial fracture fluid

Project description:Deep terrestrial indigenous microbial community dominated by Candidatus Frackibacter

| PRJEB49237 | ENA

Can enzyme proximity accelerate cascade reactions?

Project description:The last decade has seen an exponential expansion of interest in conjugating multiple enzymes of cascades in close proximity to each other, with the overarching goal being to accelerate the overall reaction rate. However, some evidence has emerged that there is no effect of proximity channeling on the reaction velocity of the popular GOx-HRP cascade, particularly in the presence of a competing enzyme (catalase). Herein, we rationalize these experimental results quantitatively. We show that, in general, proximity channeling can enhance reaction velocity in the presence of competing enzymes, but in steady state a significant enhancement can only be achieved for diffusion-limited reactions or at high concentrations of competing enzymes. We provide simple equations to estimate the effect of channeling quantitatively and demonstrate that proximity can have a more pronounced effect under crowding conditions in vivo, particularly that crowding can enhance the overall rates of channeled cascade reactions.

| S-EPMC6345930 | biostudies-literature

Does metabolite channeling accelerate enzyme-catalyzed cascade reactions?

Project description:Metabolite or substrate channeling is a direct transfer of metabolites from one enzyme to the next enzyme in a cascade. Among many potential advantages of substrate channeling, acceleration of the total reaction rate is considered as one of the most important and self-evident. However, using a simple model, supported by stochastic simulations, we show that it is not always the case; particularly at long times (i.e. in steady state) and high substrate concentrations, a channeled reaction cannot be faster, and can even be slower, than the original non-channeled cascade reaction. In addition we show that increasing the degree of channeling may lead to an increase of the metabolite pool size. We substantiate that the main advantage of channeling likely lies in protecting metabolites from degradation or competing side reactions.

| S-EPMC5325314 | biostudies-literature

Flow enhancement of water-based nanoparticle dispersion through microscale sedimentary rocks.

Project description:Understanding and controlling fluids flow at the microscale is a matter of growing scientific and technological interest. Flow enhancements of water-based nanoparticle dispersions through microscale porous media are investigated through twelve hydrophilic sedimentary rocks with pore-throat radius between 1.2 and 10 ?m, which are quantitatively explained with a simple model with slip length correction for Darcy flow. Both as wetting phase, water exhibited no-slip Darcy flow in all cores; however, flow enhancement of nanoparticle dispersions can be up to 5.7 times larger than that of water, and it increases with the decreasing of pore-throat radius. The experimental data reveals characteristic slip lengths are of order 500 and 1000 nm for 3M® and HNPs-1 nanoparticles, respectively, independent of the lithology or nanoparticle concentration or shear rate. Meanwhile, the phenomenon of flow degradation is observed for HNPs-2 nanoparticles. These results explore the feasible application of using nanoparticle dispersions to control flow at the microscale.

| S-EPMC4346797 | biostudies-other

Lignin peroxidase initiates O2-dependent self-propagating chemical reactions which accelerate the consumption of 1-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)propene.

Project description:Lignin peroxidase (LiP) has been used to study the C(alpha)-C(beta) cleavage of the propylene side chain in 1-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)propene (DMPP) to 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (veratraldehyde, VAD). Under an air atmosphere, LiP oxidized DMPP to VAD (27.8%) and 1-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-2-one (DMPA, 8.7%), after 10 min of incubation. Dissolved O(2) was rapidly consumed during DMPP conversion, of which one-third was converted into superoxide. The remaining two-thirds of the consumed O(2) was involved in C(alpha)-C(beta) cleavage of DMPP to VAD and in self-propagating chemical reactions stimulating the consumption of DMPP. The involvement of peroxyl radicals, in the chemical consumption of DMPP, was confirmed by using the well-known peroxyl radical reductant Mn(2+). This metal ion severely inhibited the DMPP consumption rate under air, but did not affect the lower enzymic DMPP consumption rate under N(2). The substoichiometric requirement of LiP for H(2)O(2) during DMPP oxidation could be explained in part by dismutation of superoxide, but more importantly by direct chemical reactions of DMPP-derived peroxyl radicals with fresh DMPP. Another VAD-producing route was found by incubating the DMPP oxidation product, DMPA, with LiP. Under air the molar yield of VAD was 29.7%. In the absence of O(2), the C(alpha)-C(beta) cleavage of DMPA to VAD was strongly inhibited and side-chain coupling products (dimers) were formed instead. As a whole, the results suggest two new roles of O(2) in LiP-mediated oxidation of aromatic substrates. First, O(2) is responsible for the formation of reactive peroxyl intermediates, which can directly react with other substrate molecules and thereby accelerate consumption rates. Secondly, O(2) can prevent coupling reactions by lowering the pool of carbon-centred radicals accumulating during LiP catalysis.

| S-EPMC1220993 | biostudies-other

mir-21 overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells accelerate fracture healing in a rat closed femur fracture model.

Project description:MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs involved in numerous biological processes. Emerging pieces of evidence suggest that microRNAs play important roles in osteogenesis and skeletal homeostasis. Recent studies indicated the significant regulation function of mir-21 in osteogenesis in vitro, but little information is known about its veritable functions in vivo. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of mir-21 intervention on osteogenic differentiation of rats bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) and repair capacity in rats closed femur fracture model with internal fixation. The results showed that the upregulation of mir-21 not only increased the expression of osteopontin and alkaline phosphatase in rBMSCs but also promoted mineralization in the condition of osteogenic induction. Furthermore, the bone healing properties were also improved in fracture healing model according to the results of micro-CT, mechanical test, and histological analysis. The current study confirms that the overexpression of mir-21 could promote osteogenesis and accelerate bone fracture healing, which may contribute to a new therapeutic way for fracture repair.

| S-EPMC4386680 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data