Dataset Information

Obesity is not associated with adverse outcomes among hospitalized patients with Clostridioides difficile infection.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Obesity is associated with increased risk for death in most infections but has not been studied as a risk factor for mortality in Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). This study tested obesity as a risk factor for death in patients hospitalized with CDI. This was a three-center retrospective study that included hospitalized adults with CDI at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and NYU Langone from 2010 to 2018. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between obesity, measured by body mass index, and death from any cause within 30 days after the index CDI test.

Results

Data for 3851 patients were analyzed, including 373 (9.7%) who died within 30 days following a diagnosis of CDI. After adjusting for other factors, BMI was not associated with increased risk for death in any BMI category [adjusted OR (aOR) 0.96, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.34 for BMI > 30 vs BMI 20-30; aOR 1.02, 95% CI 0.53 to 1.87 for BMI > 40 vs BMI 20-30]. After stratifying into three groups by age, there were trends towards increased mortality with obesity in the middle-aged (56-75 vs ≤ 55 years old) yet decreased mortality with obesity in the old (> 75 vs ≤ 55) (p = NS for all). Advanced age and low albumin were the factors most strongly associated with death.

Conclusions

We found no association between obesity and death among patients with CDI, in contrast to most other infections. Obesity is not likely to be useful for risk-stratifying hospitalized patients with CDI.

SUBMITTER: Malick A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8799984 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Similar Datasets

Project description:ImportanceLittle is known about the incidence and outcomes of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients.ObjectiveTo estimate the CDI incidence and outcomes in SOT recipients.Design, setting, and participantsA population-based cohort study was conducted using administrative health care data for all Ontario, Canada, residents who received organ allografts from April 1, 2003, to December 31, 2017; March 31, 2020, was the end of the study period.Main outcomes and measuresThe primary outcome was hospital admission with CDI diagnosis. The secondary outcomes included all-cause death, intensive care unit admission, acute kidney injury requiring dialysis, and fulminant CDI comprising any of the following: toxic megacolon, ileus, perforation, or colectomy. The association between short- vs long-term mortality (ie, death occurring within or after 90 days post-CDI) and the following variables was evaluated: age, sex, Deyo-Charlson Comorbidity Index, SOT type, early- vs late-onset CDI, fulminant CDI, intensive care unit admission, and acute kidney injury requiring acute dialysis.ResultsOverall, 10 724 SOT recipients (6901 [64.4%] men; median age, 54 [IQR, 44-62] years) were eligible. Kidney transplant was the most common SOT type (6453 [60.2%]). The median follow-up time was 5.0 (IQR, 2.3-8.8) years, resulting in 61 987 person-years of follow-up. A total of 726 patients (6.8%) were hospitalized with CDI. The 1-year CDI incidence significantly increased in annual cohorts (ie, from 23.1; 95% CI, 12.8-41.8 per 1000 person-years in 2004 to 46.7; 95% CI, 35.0-62.3 per 1000 person-years in 2017; P = .001). Clostridioides difficile was associated with a 16.8% rate (n = 122) of 90-day mortality. In patients who underwent kidney transplant, CDI was typically late-onset (median interval, 2.2; IQR, 0.4-6.0 years) compared with recipients of other organs. Acute kidney injury requiring dialysis was significantly associated with short-term (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.86; 95% CI, 1.07-3.26) and long-term (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.89; 95% CI, 1.29-2.78) mortality, and late-onset CDI was also significantly associated with a greater risk of short-term (aOR, 4.26; 95% CI, 2.51-7.22) and long-term (aHR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.78-3.49) mortality.Conclusions and relevanceIn this study, increasing CDI trends in annual cohorts of SOT recipients were observed. Posttransplant CDI was associated with mortality, and late-onset CDI was associated with a greater risk of death than early-onset CDI. These findings suggest that preventive strategies should not be limited to the initial months following transplantation. Comprehensive therapeutic approaches targeting acute kidney injury risk factors in SOT recipients may reduce short- and long-term post-CDI mortality.