Dataset Information

Connectome-wide Functional Connectivity Abnormalities in Youth With Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Obsessive-compulsive symptomatology (OCS) is common in adolescence but usually does not meet the diagnostic threshold for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Nevertheless, both obsessive-compulsive disorder and subthreshold OCS are associated with increased likelihood of experiencing other serious psychiatric conditions, including depression and suicidal ideation. Unfortunately, there is limited information on the neurobiology of OCS.

Methods

Here, we undertook one of the first brain imaging studies of OCS in a large adolescent sample (analyzed n = 832) from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort. We investigated resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging functional connectivity using complementary analytic approaches that focus on different neuroanatomical scales, from known functional systems to connectome-wide tests.

Results

We found a robust pattern of connectome-wide, OCS-related differences, as well as evidence of specific abnormalities involving known functional systems, including dorsal and ventral attention, frontoparietal, and default mode systems. Analysis of cerebral perfusion imaging and high-resolution structural imaging did not show OCS-related differences, consistent with domain specificity to functional connectivity.

Conclusions

The brain connectomic associations with OCS reported here, together with early studies of its clinical relevance, support the potential for OCS as an early marker of psychiatric risk that may enhance our understanding of mechanisms underlying the onset of adolescent psychopathology.

SUBMITTER: Alexander-Bloch AF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8821731 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Connectome-wide Functional Connectivity Abnormalities in Youth With Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms.

Alexander-Bloch Aaron F AF Sood Rahul R Shinohara Russell T RT Moore Tyler M TM Calkins Monica E ME Chertavian Casey C Wolf Daniel H DH Gur Ruben C RC Satterthwaite Theodore D TD Gur Raquel E RE Barzilay Ran R

Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging 20210808 11

<h4>Background</h4>Obsessive-compulsive symptomatology (OCS) is common in adolescence but usually does not meet the diagnostic threshold for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Nevertheless, both obsessive-compulsive disorder and subthreshold OCS are associated with increased likelihood of experiencing other serious psychiatric conditions, including depression and suicidal ideation. Unfortunately, there is limited information on the neurobiology of OCS.<h4>Methods</h4>Here, we undertook one of the fi ...[more]

PMID: 34375730

Similar Datasets

Project description:ObjectiveFoundational knowledge on neural circuitry underlying pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and how it changes during standard treatment is needed to provide the basis for conceptualization and development of novel targeted treatments. This study explored the effects of sertraline, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, on resting-state functional connectivity in cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortical circuits in pediatric OCD.MethodMedication-free youths with OCD (n = 14) and healthy controls (n = 14) were examined at baseline and 12 weeks with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Between scan sessions, participants with OCD received 12 weeks of sertraline. For each scan, seed-based whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity analyses were conducted with 6 striatal seeds. Analysis of variance examined the interaction between group and time on striatal connectivity, including cluster-based thresholding to correct for multiple tests. Connectivity changes within circuits identified in group analyses were correlated with clinical change.ResultsTwo significant group-by-time effects in the OCD group showed increased striatal connectivity from baseline to 12 weeks compared with controls. Circuits demonstrating this pattern included the right putamen with the left frontal cortex and insula and the left putamen with the left frontal cortex and pre- and post-central cortices. Increase in connectivity in the left putamen circuit was significantly correlated with clinical improvement on the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale score (r = -0.58, p = .03).ConclusionSertraline appears to affect specific striatal-based circuits in pediatric OCD, and these changes in part could account for clinical improvement. Future work is needed to confirm these preliminary findings, which would facilitate identification of circuit-based targets for novel treatment development.Clinical trial registration informationEffects of Sertraline on Brain Connectivity in Adolescents with OCD; https://clinicaltrials.gov/; NCT02797808.

Dataset Information

Connectome-wide Functional Connectivity Abnormalities in Youth With Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Connectome-wide Functional Connectivity Abnormalities in Youth With Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets