Dataset Information

Groundwater table and soil-hydrological properties datasets of Indonesian peatlands.

ABSTRACT: This article describes daily groundwater depth data of peatlands in Indonesia. The data were recorded from eight in-situ stations spread over two peatland regions in Indonesia, namely Batanghari and Kubu Raya in Sumatra and Kalimantan. This article also presents experimental data describing soil water retention in the region. Water retention of peats determines the groundwater table's contribution to rewetting the soil surface. The datasets represent peatlands utilized for agriculture. Furthermore, the groundwater table of peatlands is a key variable controlling peat fire vulnerability, as described in the research article entitled 'An improved drought-fire assessment for managing fire risks in tropical peatlands' Taufik et al. (2022) and assessing the success of peat restoration projects. The groundwater datasets can be used as a benchmark for studies on modeling of hydrology and peat fire mitigation action.

SUBMITTER: Taufik M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8847808 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Groundwater table and soil-hydrological properties datasets of Indonesian peatlands.

Taufik Muh M Tw Marliana M Awaluddin Mukharomah Abdul Karim AK Minasny Budiman B

Data in brief 20220202

This article describes daily groundwater depth data of peatlands in Indonesia. The data were recorded from eight <i>in-situ</i> stations spread over two peatland regions in Indonesia, namely Batanghari and Kubu Raya in Sumatra and Kalimantan. This article also presents experimental data describing soil water retention in the region. Water retention of peats determines the groundwater table's contribution to rewetting the soil surface. The datasets represent peatlands utilized for agriculture. Fu ...[more]

PMID: 35198682

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Project description:BackgroundExtensive drainage of peatlands in the southeastern United States coastal plain for the purposes of agriculture and timber harvesting has led to large releases of soil carbon as carbon dioxide (CO2) due to enhanced peat decomposition. Growth in mechanisms that provide financial incentives for reducing emissions from land use and land-use change could increase funding for hydrological restoration that reduces peat CO2 emissions from these ecosystems. Measuring soil respiration and physical drivers across a range of site characteristics and land use histories is valuable for understanding how CO2 emissions from peat decomposition may respond to raising water table levels. We combined measurements of total soil respiration, depth to water table from soil surface, and soil temperature from drained and restored peatlands at three locations in eastern North Carolina and one location in southeastern Virginia to investigate relationships among total soil respiration and physical drivers, and to develop models relating total soil respiration to parameters that can be easily measured and monitored in the field.ResultsTotal soil respiration increased with deeper water tables and warmer soil temperatures in both drained and hydrologically restored peatlands. Variation in soil respiration was more strongly linked to soil temperature at drained (R2 = 0.57, p < 0.0001) than restored sites (R2 = 0.28, p < 0.0001).ConclusionsThe results suggest that drainage amplifies the impact of warming temperatures on peat decomposition. Proxy measurements for estimation of CO2 emissions from peat decomposition represent a considerable cost reduction compared to direct soil flux measurements for land managers contemplating the potential climate impact of restoring drained peatland sites. Research can help to increase understanding of factors influencing variation in soil respiration in addition to physical variables such as depth to water table and soil temperature.

Project description:Mobile Bay, the fourth largest estuary in the USA located in the northern Gulf of Mexico, is known for extreme hypoxia in the water column during dry season caused by NH4+-rich and anoxic submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). Nutrient dynamics in the coastal ecosystem point to potentially elevated microbial activities; however, little is known about microbial community composition and their functional roles in this area. In this study, we investigated microbial community composition, distribution, and metabolic prediction along the coastal hydrological compartment of Mobile Bay using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We collected microbial samples from surface (river and bay water) and subsurface water (groundwater and coastal pore water from two SGD sites with peat and sandy lithology, respectively). Salinity was identified as the primary factor affecting the distribution of microbial communities across surface water samples, while DON and PO43- were the major predictor of community shift within subsurface water samples. Higher microbial diversity was found in coastal pore water in comparison to surface water samples. Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia, and Oxyphotobacteria dominated the bacterial community. Among the archaea, methanogens were prevalent in the peat-dominated SGD site, while the sandy SGD site was characterized by a higher proportion of ammonia-oxidizing archaea. Cyanobium PCC-6307 and unclassified Thermodesulfovibrionia were identified as dominant taxa strongly associated with trends in environmental parameters in surface and subsurface samples, respectively. Microbial communities found in the groundwater and peat layer consisted of taxa known for denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA). This finding suggested that microbial communities might also play a significant role in mediating nitrogen transformation in the SGD flow path and in affecting the chemical composition of SGD discharging to the water column. Given the ecological importance of microorganisms, further studies at higher taxonomic and functional resolution are needed to accurately predict chemical biotransformation processes along the coastal hydrological continuum, which influence water quality and environmental condition in Mobile Bay.

Dataset Information

Groundwater table and soil-hydrological properties datasets of Indonesian peatlands.

Publications

Groundwater table and soil-hydrological properties datasets of Indonesian peatlands.

Similar Datasets

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