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Circulating Tumor DNA Minimal Residual Disease Detection of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Curative Intent.


ABSTRACT: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) minimal residual disease (MRD) is a powerful biomarker with the potential to improve survival outcomes for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Multiple groups have shown the ability to detect MRD following curative-intent NSCLC treatment using next-generation sequencing-based assays of plasma cell-free DNA. These studies have been modest in size, largely retrospective, and without thorough prospective clinical validation. Still, when restricting measurement to the first post-treatment timepoint to assess the clinical performance of ctDNA MRD detection, they have demonstrated sensitivity for predicting disease relapse ranging between 36% and 100%, and specificity ranging between 71% and 100%. When considering all post-treatment follow-up timepoints (surveillance), including those beyond the initial post-treatment measurement, these assays' performances improve with sensitivity and specificity for identifying relapse ranging from 82% to 100% and 70% to 100%, respectively. In this manuscript, we review the evidence available to date regarding ctDNA MRD detection in patients with NSCLC undergoing curative-intent treatment and the ongoing prospective studies involving ctDNA MRD detection in this patient population.

SUBMITTER: Pellini B 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8853615 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Circulating Tumor DNA Minimal Residual Disease Detection of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Curative Intent.

Pellini Bruna B   Chaudhuri Aadel A AA  

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology 20220105 6


Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) minimal residual disease (MRD) is a powerful biomarker with the potential to improve survival outcomes for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Multiple groups have shown the ability to detect MRD following curative-intent NSCLC treatment using next-generation sequencing-based assays of plasma cell-free DNA. These studies have been modest in size, largely retrospective, and without thorough prospective clinical validation. Still, when restricting measurement to the f  ...[more]

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