Dataset Information

Maternal anthropometric variables and clinical factors shape neonatal microbiome.

ABSTRACT: Recent studies indicate the existence of a complex microbiome in the meconium of newborns that plays a key role in regulating many host health-related conditions. However, a high variability between studies has been observed so far. In the present study, the meconium microbiome composition and the predicted microbial metabolic pathways were analysed in a consecutive cohort of 96 full-term newborns. The effect of maternal epidemiological variables on meconium diversity was analysed using regression analysis and PERMANOVA. Meconium microbiome composition mainly included Proteobacteria (30.95%), Bacteroidetes (23.17%) and Firmicutes (17.13%), while for predicted metabolic pathways, the most abundant genes belonged to the class "metabolism". We observed a significant effect of maternal Rh factor on Shannon and Inverse Simpson indexes (p = 0.045 and p = 0.049 respectively) and a significant effect of delivery mode and maternal antibiotic exposure on Jaccard and Bray-Curtis dissimilarities (p = 0.001 and 0.002 respectively), while gestational age was associated with observed richness and Shannon indexes (p = 0.018 and 0.037 respectively), and Jaccard and Bray-Curtis dissimilarities (p = 0.014 and 0.013 respectively). The association involving maternal Rh phenotype suggests a role for host genetics in shaping meconium microbiome prior to the exposition to the most well-known environmental variables, which will influence microbiome maturation in the newborn.

SUBMITTER: Farinella R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8861021 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Maternal anthropometric variables and clinical factors shape neonatal microbiome.

Farinella Riccardo R Rizzato Cosmeri C Bottai Daria D Bedini Alice A Gemignani Federica F Landi Stefano S Peduzzi Giulia G Rosati Sara S Lupetti Antonella A Cuttano Armando A Moscuzza Francesca F Tuoni Cristina C Filippi Luca L Ciantelli Massimiliano M Tavanti Arianna A Campa Daniele D

Scientific reports 20220221 1

Recent studies indicate the existence of a complex microbiome in the meconium of newborns that plays a key role in regulating many host health-related conditions. However, a high variability between studies has been observed so far. In the present study, the meconium microbiome composition and the predicted microbial metabolic pathways were analysed in a consecutive cohort of 96 full-term newborns. The effect of maternal epidemiological variables on meconium diversity was analysed using regressi ...[more]

PMID: 35190600

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Project description:AimsTo evaluate the relation between maternal concentrations of progranulin (PGRN), adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (AFABP), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) throughout pregnancy with neonatal weight and length at birth and at one month of age, as well as with the percentage of fat mass at one month of age. Besides, we evaluated the association between maternal organokine concentrations with pregestational nutritional status and gestational weight gain (GWG).MethodsLongitudinal study of 100 healthy pregnant women and their neonates. Conventional biochemical tests were performed and maternal organokine concentrations were measured by ELISA. Neonatal percent fat mass was determined using the PEA POD system, and weight and length were measured using a soft tape measure and a baby scale. Multiple linear regression models were made to predict neonatal anthropometric measurements and adiposity.ResultsIn all women, PGRN concentrations significantly increased as pregnancy progressed, while AFABP concentrations increased until the third trimester and the highest BDNF concentrations were observed in the second trimester of pregnancy. In contrast, FGF21 concentrations did not change during pregnancy. Only maternal obesity was associated with some differences in AFABP and FGF21 concentrations. Gestational age at birth, maternal age and third-trimester PGRN concentrations predicted weight (gestational age at birth: β=0.11; maternal age: β=-0.033; PGRN: β=0.003, p<0.001) and, together with first-trimester BDNF concentrations, length (gestational age at birth: β=0.76; maternal age: β=-0.21; PGRN: β=0.24; BDNF: β=0.06, p<0.001) at birth. Maternal age and third-trimester BDNF concentrations predicted one-month-old neonate length (maternal age: β=-1.03; BDNF: β=0.45, p<0.001). Pregestational body mass index (pBMI), GWG, second-trimester FGF21 concentrations, and third-trimester AFABP concentrations predicted neonatal fat mass percentage (pBMI: β=-0.58; GWG: β=-0.32; FGF21: β=-0.004; AFABP: β=-1.27, p<0.001) at one month of age.ConclusionMaternal PGRN, AFABP, and BDNF concentrations, but not FGF21, vary throughout pregnancy. These organokines and maternal characteristics can be useful in the prediction of neonatal weight, length, and percentage fat mass.

Project description:Findings on maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and neonatal anthropometry are inconsistent, and may at least be partly due to variations in gestational week (GW) of 25(OH)D measurement and the lack of longitudinal 25(OH)D measurements across gestation. The aim of the current study was to examine the associations of longitudinal measures of maternal 25(OH)D and neonatal anthropometry at birth. This study included 321 mother⁻offspring pairs enrolled in the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Fetal Growth Studies⁻Singletons. This study was a prospective cohort design without supplementation and without data on dietary supplementation. Nevertheless, measurement of plasma 25(OH)D reflects vitamin D from different sources, including supplementation. Maternal concentrations of total 25(OH)D were measured at 10⁻14, 15⁻26, 23⁻31, and 33⁻39 GW and categorized as <50 nmol/L, 50⁻75 nmol/L, and >75 nmol/L. Generalized linear models were used to examine associations of 25(OH)D at each time-point with neonate birthweight z-score, length, and sum of skinfolds at birth. At 10⁻14 GW, 16.8% and 49.2% of women had 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L and between 50⁻75 nmol/L, respectively. The association of maternal 25(OH)D with neonatal anthropometry differed by GW and women's prepregnancy BMI (normal (<25.0 kg/m²), overweight/obese (25.0⁻44.9 kg/m²)). All analyses were stratified by prepregnancy BMI status. Among women with an overweight/obese BMI, 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L at 10⁻14 GW was associated with lower birthweight z-score (0.56; 95% CI: -0.99, -0.13) and length (-1.56 cm; 95% CI: -3.07, -0.06), and at 23⁻31 GW was associated with shorter length (-2.77 cm; 95% CI: -13.38, -4.98) and lower sum of skinfolds (-9.18 mm; 95% CI: -13.38, -4.98). Among women with a normal BMI, 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L at 10⁻14 GW was associated with lower sum of skinfolds (-2.64 mm; 95% CI: -5.03, -0.24), at 23⁻31 GW was associated with larger birthweight z-scores (0.64; 95% CI: 0.03, 1.25), and at 33-39 GW with both higher birthweight z-score (1.22; 95% CI: 0.71, 1.73) and longer length (1.94 cm; 95% CI: 0.37, 3.52). Maternal 25(OH)D status during pregnancy was associated with neonatal anthropometric measures, and the associations were specific to GW of 25(OH)D measurement and prepregnancy BMI.

Project description:PurposeThe Swedish Maternal Microbiome (SweMaMi) project was initiated to better understand the dynamics of the microbiome in pregnancy, with longitudinal microbiome sampling, shotgun metagenomics, extensive questionnaires and health registry linkage.ParticipantsPregnant women were recruited before the 20th gestational week during 2017-2021 in Sweden. In total, 5439 pregnancies (5193 unique women) were included. For 3973 pregnancies (73%), samples were provided at baseline, and for 3141 (58%) at all three timepoints (second and third trimester and postpartum). In total, 38 591 maternal microbiome samples (vaginal, faecal and saliva) and 3109 infant faecal samples were collected. Questionnaires were used to collect information on general, reproductive and mental health, diet and lifestyle, complemented by linkage to the nationwide health registries, also used to follow up the health of the offspring (up to age 10).Findings to dateThe cohort is fairly representative for the total Swedish pregnant population (data from 2019), with 41% first-time mothers. Women with university level education, born in Sweden, with normal body mass index, not using tobacco-products and aged 30-34 years were slightly over-represented.Future plansThe sample and data collection were finalised in November 2021. The next steps are the characterisation of the microbial DNA and linkage to the health and demographic information from the questionnaires and registries. The role of the microbiome on maternal and neonatal outcomes and early-childhood diseases will be explored (including preterm birth, miscarriage) and the role and interaction of other risk factors and confounders (including endometriosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome, diet, drug use). This is currently among the largest pregnancy cohorts in the world with longitudinal design and detailed and standardised microbiome sampling enabling follow-up of both mothers and children. The findings are expected to contribute greatly to the field of reproductive health focusing on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.

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Maternal anthropometric variables and clinical factors shape neonatal microbiome.

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Maternal anthropometric variables and clinical factors shape neonatal microbiome.

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