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Cross-sectional assessment of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

ABSTRACT: Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are prevalent in India. However, there is dearth of literature among Indians studying the relationship between the two. This study was carried out to assess various cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in patients with knee OA with an objective to investigate their association, screening and management. Methods: In total, 225 patients were included in this cross-sectional study. Participants were diagnosed with knee OA on the basis of the Kellgren and Lawrence (K-L) classification of their radiograph. Participants were also assessed for CV risk factors (age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, smoking) with the help of the Joint British Society QRisk3 calculator (JBS3) a comprehensive risk score calculator as well as a screening tool, which produces three more variables, namely 10-years risk of developing CVD, physiological heart age and life expectancy. Chi Square, Fishers exact test and one-way ANOVA tests were used to compare the categorical and quantitative variables, respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between CV risk factors and knee OA. Multiple regression analysis was done to adjust the multiple con-founders and determine their significance. Results: Patients with severe knee OA had a statistically significantly higher prevalence of CV risk factors (p<0.05). Grade 4 knee OA patients were found to have a mean JBS3 risk of 38%, heart age of 82 years and life expectancy of 77 years as compared to grade 2 patients who had a mean JBS3 risk of 11%, heart age of 63 years and life expectancy of 82 years. Conclusions: Our study concluded that there is a strong positive correlation between knee OA and CVD, with CV risk score being directly proportional to the severity of OA.

SUBMITTER: Goel S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8866909 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cross-sectional assessment of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Goel Sagar S Kamath Surendra Umesh SU Annappa Rajendra R Krishnamurthy Sunil Lakshmipura SL Jain Manesh M Thakkar Samarth S Damsas Lulu L Banerjee Sayak S Divakar Prajwal Madapura PM

F1000Research 20210628

<b>Background:</b> Osteoarthritis (OA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are prevalent in India. However, there is dearth of literature among Indians studying the relationship between the two. This study was carried out to assess various cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in patients with knee OA with an objective to investigate their association, screening and management. <b>Methods: </b>In total, 225 patients were included in this cross-sectional study. Participants were diagnosed with knee OA o ...[more]

PMID: 35265321

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Project description:BackgroundMuscle function deterioration in female patients with severe knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is linked to alterations in muscle morphology, composition, and mechanical properties. This study evaluates thigh muscle features in female patients with severe KOA and explores correlations with knee joint function.MethodsUltrasound and shear wave elastography measured physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA), echo intensity (EI), and shear modulus (G) in the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), biceps femoris long head (BFL), and semitendinosus (ST) of 24 KOA patients and 24 controls. EI indicates intramuscular fat, while G reflects stiffness. Muscle characteristics were compared between groups, and correlations with knee function scores (WOMAC, KSS, HSS) were analyzed.ResultsIn patients, the symptomatic side displayed reduced PCSA for RF, VL, VM, BFL, and ST (15.85[Formula: see text], 28.18[Formula: see text], 21.53[Formula: see text], 11.67[Formula: see text], 6.59[Formula: see text] respectively) vs. controls (19[Formula: see text], 36.32[Formula: see text], 23.37[Formula: see text], 14.15[Formula: see text], 7.12[Formula: see text] respectively). EI was elevated (128.95, 121.12, 105.72, 90.52, 93.15) vs. controls (100.39, 93.97, 88.14, 77.69, 78.73), and G values (9.48 kPa, 7.88 kPa, 6.9 kPa, 7.2 kPa, 9.03 kPa) was higher than controls (8.85 kPa, 5.28 kPa, 5.98 kPa, 6.58 kPa, 6.73 kPa). BFL`s G, ST`s G, and VM`s EI, negatively correlated with knee function, whereas BFL`s PCSA positively correlated. The variable importance of BFL's PCSA and G ranked at the top in all scores.ConclusionsCompared to controls, PCSAs in muscles on both sides of KOA patients were lowered by up to 22%, indicative of muscle loss and diminished strength. The G value is 20.65% higher, suggesting poor flexibility and elevated passive tension. EI in muscles on both sides of KOA patients was greater, reaching up to 23.88%, possibly reducing contractile components and muscle force. G, PCSA, and EI are closely correlated with function scores, and PCSA and G of BFL are the most significant predictors of knee function. These results may help explain muscle dysfunction in KOA patients.Clinical trial numberNot applicable.

Project description:ObjectiveMetabolic factors have been shown to be associated to severe radiographic knee osteoarthritis (RKOA). However, more knowledge is needed in early clinical knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The aim was to study associations between metabolic factors and radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA) in individuals with knee pain. A second aim was to study associations between metabolic factors and RKOA in those with normal BMI and in those overweight/obese, respectively.MethodThis cross-sectional study included 282 individuals with knee pain (without cruciate ligament injury) and aged 30-67 years, and 70% women. Waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), proportion of fat and visceral fat area (VFA) were assessed. RKOA was defined as Ahlbäck grade 1 in at least one knee. Fasting blood samples were taken and triglycerides, cholesterol (total, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL)), C-reactive protein (CRP), glucose, HbA1C were analysed. Metabolic syndrome was defined in accordance with the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Associations were analysed by logistic regression.ResultsIndividuals with RKOA were older, had higher BMI, higher VFA, larger waist circumference and had increased total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol, but not fasting glucose. There was no difference between the group with RKOA vs. non-radiographic group regarding the presence of metabolic syndrome. In a subgroup analysis of individuals with normal BMI (n = 126), those with RKOA had higher VFA, more central obesity, higher levels of CRP and total cholesterol, compared with individuals without RKOA. In individuals with obesity, age was the only outcome associated to RKOA.ConclusionThere were clear associations between metabolic factors and RKOA in individuals with knee pain, also in those with normal BMI. In individuals with obesity age was the only variable associated to RKOA.Trial registrationclinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04928170.

Project description:ObjectivePolygenic risk scores (PRS) allow risk stratification using common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and clinical applications are currently explored for several diseases. This study was undertaken to assess the risk of hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) using PRS.MethodsWe analyzed 12,732 individuals from a population-based cohort from the Rotterdam Study (n = 11,496), a clinical cohort (Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee [CHECK] study; n = 908), and a high-risk cohort of overweight women (Prevention of Knee OA in Overweight Females [PROOF] study; n = 328), for the association of the PRS with prevalence/incidence of radiographic OA, of clinical OA, and of total hip replacement (THR) or total knee replacement (TKR). The hip PRS and knee PRS contained 44 and 24 independent SNPs, respectively, and were derived from a recent genome-wide association study meta-analysis. Standardized PRS (with Z transformation) were used in all analyses.ResultsWe found a stronger association of the PRS for clinically defined OA compared to radiographic OA phenotypes, and we observed the highest PRS risk stratification for TKR/THR. The odds ratio (OR) per SD was 1.3 for incident THR (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.1-1.5) and 1.6 (95% CI 1.3-1.9) for incident TKR in the Rotterdam Study. The knee PRS was associated with incident clinical knee OA in the CHECK study (OR 1.3 [95% CI 1.1-1.5]), but not for the PROOF study (OR 1.2 [95% CI 0.8-1.7]). The OR for OA increased gradually across the PRS distribution, up to 2.1 (95% CI 1.4-3.2) for individuals with the 10% highest PRS compared to the middle 50% of the PRS distribution.ConclusionOur findings validated the association of PRS across OA definitions. Since OA is becoming frequent and primary prevention is not commonly applicable, PRS-based risk assessment could play a role in OA prevention. However, the utility of PRS is dependent on the setting. Further studies are needed to test the integration of genetic risk assessment in diverse health care settings.

Project description:BackgroundDepressive symptoms are a major comorbidity in older adults with knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, the type of activity-induced knee pain associated with depression has not been examined. Furthermore, there is conflicting evidence regarding the association between depression and performance-based physical function. This study aimed to examine (i) the association between depressive symptoms and knee pain intensity, particularly task-specific knee pain during daily living, and (ii) the association between depressive symptoms and performance-based physical function, while considering other potential risk factors, including bilateral knee pain and ambulatory physical activity.MethodsPatients in orthopaedic clinics (n = 95; age, 61-91 years; 67.4% female) who were diagnosed with radiographic knee OA (Kellgren/Lawrence [K/L] grade ≥ 1) underwent evaluation of psychological health using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Knee pain and physical function were assessed using the Japanese Knee Osteoarthritis Measure (JKOM), 10-m walk, timed up and go (TUG), and five-repetition chair stand tests.ResultsOrdinal logistic regression analysis showed that depression, defined as a GDS score ≥ 5 points, was significantly associated with a worse score on the JKOM pain-subcategory and a higher level of task-specific knee pain intensity during daily living, after being adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), K/L grade, and ambulatory physical activity. Furthermore, depression was significantly associated with a slower gait velocity and a longer TUG time, after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, K/L grade, presence of bilateral knee pain, and ambulatory physical activity.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that depression may be associated with increased knee pain intensity during daily living in a non-task-specific manner and is associated with functional limitation in patients with knee OA, even after controlling for covariates, including bilateral knee pain and ambulatory physical activity.

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Cross-sectional assessment of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

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Cross-sectional assessment of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

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